跃动7月英语阅读(一)自考试题

2021年1月14日发(作者：封导源)
2011年7月英语阅读(一)自考试题
全国2011年7月自考
英语阅读(一)试题
课程代码：00595

全部题目用英文作答（翻译题除外），请将答案填在答题纸
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I. Careful Reading. (40 points, 2 points for each)
Directions: Read the following passages carefully. Decide on the
best answers antl then write the corresponding letters on your
Answer Sheet.
Passage One
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.
The old fashioned general store is fast disappearing. This is,
perhaps, a pity, because shopping today seems to lack that
personal element which existed when the shopkeeper knew all
his regular customers personally. He could, for instance,
remember which brand of tea Mrs. Smith usually bought or
what sort of washing powder Mrs. Jones preferred. Not only
was the shop a center of buying and selling, but a social
meeting place.
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A prosperous general store might have employed four or five
assistants, and so there were very few problems in
management as far as the staff was concerned. But now that
the supermarket has replaced the general store, the job of the
manager has changed completely. The moderm supermarket
manager has to cope with a staff of as many as a hundred,
apart from all the other everyday problems of running a large
business.
Every morning the manager must, like the commander of an
army division, carry out an inspection of his store to make sure
that everything is ready for the business of the day He must see
that everything is running smoothly. He will have to give advice
and make decisions as problems arise; and he must know how
to get his huge staff to work efficiently with their respective
responsibilities. No matter what he has to do throughout the
day, however, the supermarket manager must be ready for any
emergency that may arise. They say in the trade that you are
not really an experienced supermarket manager until you have
dealt with a flood, a fire, a birth and a death in your store.
1. The main purpose of the passage is to show ______.
A. how the supermarket replaces the old general store
B. how the old fashioned general store is fast disappearing
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C. how supermarket managers deal with problems every
morning
D. how the role of the shop manager undergoes an overall
change
2. It is a pity that there are fewer old general stores now
because _______.
A. there is less trading business
B. there used to be more social activities in the old days
C. supermarket managers have more problems
D. there is less personal contact between manager and
customer
3. Who are Mrs. Smith and Mrs. Jones mentioned in the first
paragraph?
A. People representing any of the regular customers of the old
general store.
B. Shop assistants.
C. Friends of the shop manager’s.
D. Two regular customers of the store.
4. How has the job of the store manager changed?
A. He doesn’t sell tea or washing powder any more.
B. He has a much larger staff to take care of, to say nothing of
all the other daily problems of running the store.
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C. He must try hard to remember the names of the regular
customers.
D. He has to give advice and make decisions every day.
5. The author compared the supermarket manager to ______.
A. a military leaderB. a school inspector
C. a traffic supervisorD. an orchestra conductor
Passage Two
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.
By the Treaty of Paris of 1763, which ended the war with the
French and the Indians, England gained possession of Canada
and all the territory east of the Mississippi River. French
influence on this continent thus came to an end; England now
controlled most of North America. But the war had been long
and expensive. England had many debts. George III, king of
England, after consulting with his advisers, decided that the
American colonists should help pay some of the expenses of
this war. A standing English army of 10,000 men had been left
in the colonies for protection against the Indians. The English
government also felt that the colonists should share in the
expenses of maintaining this army. The result was a Series of
measures, the Grenville Program, passed by Parliament and
designed to raise money in the colonies. Some of these
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measures were accepted by the colonists, but one in particular,
the Stamp Act, was met with great protest. The Stamp Act
required that stamps, ranging in price from a few cents to
almost a dollar, be placed on all newspapers, advertisements,
bills of sale, wills, legal papers, etc. The Stamp Act was one of
the causes of the American Revolution. It affected everyone,
rich and poor alike. Some businessmen felt that the act would
surely ruin their businesses.
Of all the voices raised in protest to the Stamp Act, none had
greater effect than that of a young lawyer from Virginia- Patrick
Henry. Henry had only recently been elected to the Virginia
Assembly. Yet when the Stamp Act came up for discussion, he
opposed it almost single-handedly. He also expressed, for the
first time, certain ideas that were held by many Americans of
the time but that never before had been stated so openly. “Is
life so dear or peace so sweet, as to be bought at the price of
chains and slavery? Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what
course others may take, but as for me, give me liberty, or give
me death!”
6. From the passage we learn that ______.
A. Britain took over Canada from the Indians in 1 763
B. there had been a war between the French and the Indians
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which ended in 1763
C. France used to have control of Canada and some areas east
of the Mississippi River
D. the French still kept some influence in North America
through the Treaty of Paris
7. The Grenville Program refers to ______.
A. King George III’s plan to gather money in North America
B. the British government’s desire to raise money in North
America
C. a plan to share the expenses of maintaining an army in the
American colonies
D. a decision of the British Parliament to collect money in the
American colonies
8. The Stamp Act ______.
A. was an act about selling stamps at prices from a few cents to
almost a dollar
B. was one of the causes of the American Revolution
C. required that all commercial and legal documents in America
have stamps on them
D. chiefly affected business people who felt it would ruin their
businesses
9. From the passage we learn that Patrick Henry ______.
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A. had been a member of the Virginia Assembly for a long time
B. didn’t know what courses to take to complete his studies as a
lawyer
C. was almost the only one who openly protested against the
Stamp Act
D. didn’t value life or peace as much as other people did
10. This passage is mainly about ______.
A. one of the events leading to the American Revolution
B. the Treaty of Paris between Britain and France
C. the Grenville Program to raise money in the American
colonies
D. Patrick Henry, a hero who opposed the Stamp Act
Passage Three
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.
In the past, American families tended to be quite large. Parents
raising five or more children were common. Over the years, the
size of the family has decreased. One reason for this is an
increase in the cost of living. On the average, children attend
schools for more years than they used to, making them
financially dependent on their families. Moreover, children
nowadays are better dressed and have more money to spend
on entertainment. The parents usually take the responsibility
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for all the expenses. Meanwhile, families are less close than
they used to be. More and more American mothers work away
from home.
The breakup of the family occurs when the parents divorce. A
lot of children in the U.S. live part of their young lives with only
one parent. Broken families usually result in problems for
children and parents alike. Children blame themselves when
their parents separate. They grow up feeling unsettled as they
are moved back and forth between parents. Usually one parent
is responsible for raising the children. These single parents must
care for the children’s emotional and psychological needs while
also supporting them financially. This is very demanding and
leaves very little time for the parent’s own personal interests.
Single parents often marry other single parents. In this type of
family, unrelated children are forced to develop brother or
sister relationship.
The situations of many American families today are not good.
However, recent signs indicate that things are getting better.
The divorce rate is declining. The rate of childbirth is rising.
Perhaps Americans have learned how important families are.
11. In the past, American families tended to be ______.
A. quite smallB. medium-sized
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C. quite largeD. small
12. To parents who take the responsibility for children’s
expenses, the cost of living increases because ______.
A. children attend school for less years
B. children are worse dressed
C. children have more interests nowadays
D. children spend more money on entertainment
13. What problems would broken families bring to children and
parents respectively?
A. Children grow up feeling unsettled and parents didn’t pay
much attention to children.
B. Children grow up feeling free and one parent is responsible
for raising the children.
C. Children are moved back and forth between parents and the
single parent is busy working to make money to support himself
or herself.
D. Children grow up feeling unsettled, and the parents have
little time for his or her own interests because one parent is too
busy taking care of children.
14. According to the author, the situations of American families
in the future may ______.
A. become worseB. remain the same
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C. get betterD. keep unchanged
15. The title of the article might be ______.
A. American ChildrenB. American Families
C. American MotherD. American Parents
Passage Four
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.
In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply
separated and where many household tasks are shared to a
greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to
maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes
for equality and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a
home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept equality more
easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for
participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather
than by the “battle of the sexes”.
If the process goes too far and man’s role is regarded as less
important—and that has happened in some cases—we are as
badly off as before, only in reverse.
It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family.
We are getting a little tired of “Momism” — but we don’t want
to exchange it for a “neo-Popism”. What we need, rather, is the
recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of
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equals. There are signs that psychiatrists, psychologists, social
workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more
aware of the part men play and that they have decided that
women should not receive all the credit
nor the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman’s
place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyze
man’s place in the home and to insist that he does have a place
in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of
the child.
The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to
lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own
ways for solving its own problems.
Excessive authoritarianism（命令主义) has unhappy
consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal
of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent (相关的，
中肯的) not only to healthy democracy, but also to a healthy
family.
16. The danger in the sharing of household tasks between the
mother and the father is that ______.
A. the role of the father may become an inferior one
B. the role of the mother may become an inferior one
C. the children believe that life is a battle of sexes
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D. sharing leads to constant arguing
17. The author states that bringing up children ______.
A. is mainly the mother’s job B. belongs to the duties of the
father
C. is the job of schools and churchesD. involves a partnership of
equals
18. The ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is ______.
A. fundamental to a sound democracy B. not pertinent to a
healthy family
C. responsible for MomismD. what we have almost given up
19. According to the author, the father’s role in the home is
______.
A. minor because he is an ineffectual parent
B. irrelevant to the healthy development of the child
C. pertinent to the healthy development of the child
D. identical to the role of the child’s mother
20. Which of the following statements would the author be
most likely to agree with?
A. A healthy, co-operative family is a basic ingredient of a
healthy society.
B. Men are basically opposed to sharing household chores.
C. Division of household responsibilities is workable only in
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theory.
D. A woman’s place in the home now is the same as that in the
past.
II. Speed Reading. (10 points, 1 point for each)
Directions: Skim or scan the following passages. Decide on the
best answers and then write
the corresponding letters on your Answer Sheet.
Passage Five
Questions 21-25 are based on the following passage.
You’re busy filling out the application form for a position you
really need. Let’s assume you once actually completed a couple
of years of college work or even that you completed your
degree. Isn’t it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the form
that your diploma represents a Harvard degree? Or that you
finished an extra couple of years back at State University? More
and more people are turning to utter deception like this to land
their job or to move ahead in their careers, for personnel
officers, like most Americans, value degrees from famous
schools. A job applicant may have a good education anyway,
but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better
with a diploma from a well- known university.
Registrars at most well- known colleges say they deal with
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