计算机中级职称

2021年1月14日发(作者：郭可盈)
is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the d gradey, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the inventory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of
fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is
考取中级职称，我是计算机科学与技术专业
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解决时间：
2011-6-3 19:12 |
提问者：
xuqingfeng520
我在广州，想报考全国的计算机软件水平与职业资格考试，中级的，就是传说中
的中级职称。
是不是有网络工程师、软件设计师、嵌入式系统设计师、项目管理工程师、数据
库系统工程师？
听说每年5月和11月考试共两次？
我想问的是
（1）哪个比较好考点，听同学说 网络工程师好考点、因为软件开发（java）也
做过，网络管理也做过，技术都还过得去，但是大家都 知道考试和工作可能又是
两码事。就好像英语考试很厉害的，和个老外对话做个翻译还只会干瞪眼的人大
把。
（2）我应该去什么时候去哪考名？
（3）费用多少？
（4）假设比较好考的是网络工程师，我要看哪些书去准备这个考试？考试的时
候会哪些内容？
（5）是不是考试过关了就有证书就可以有中级职称了，还是考了证还要谁去评
才有这个职称的 ？
（6）我希望是考过计算机职称之类的或对这个中级职称很了解的人回答。复制
和胡乱说的 请绕道。
问题补充：
请知道的朋友告诉我一下，深深感谢！

最佳答案
全国计算机技术与软件专业技术资格(水平)考试：2011年5月21-22日； 2011
年11月12-13日。

计算机软件 计算机网络 计算机应用技术 信息系统
信息服务
中级资格：软件评测师
软件设计师（原高级程序员）
网络工程师 多媒体应用设计师 信息系统监理师
信息支持工程师
嵌入式系统设计师 数据库系统工程师
计算机辅助设计师 信息系统管理工程
师
你人在广州当然在广州考试方便了。费用并 不高，这是国家正规考试。中级资
格各科目考试时间均为2.5小时。大家公认的比较好考的是网络工程 师，每人情
况不一样。考试合格后即可具有中级职称任职资格，不再进行评定。
网络工程师
（1）熟悉计算机系统的基础知识；
（2）熟悉网络操作系统的基础知识；
is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the d gradey, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the inventory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of
fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is
（3）理解计算机应用系统的设计和开发方法；
（4）熟悉数据通信的基础知识；
（5）熟悉系统安全和数据安全的基础知识；
（6）掌握网络安全的基本技术和主要的安全协议与安全系统；
（7）掌握计算机网络体系结构和网络协议的基本原理；
（8）掌握计算机网络有关的标准化知识；
（9）掌握局域网组网技术，理解城域网和广域网基本技术；
（10）掌握计算机网络互联技术；
（11）掌握TCPIP协议网络的联网方法和网络应用服务技术；
（12）理解接入网与接入技术；
（13）掌握网络管理的基本原理和操作方法；
（14）熟悉网络系统的性能测试和优化技术，以及可靠性设计技术；
（15）理解网络应用的基本原理和技术；
（16）理解网络新技术及其发展趋势；
（17）了解有关知识产权和互联网的法律法规；
（18）正确阅读和理解本领域的英文资料。



二、考试范围
考试科目 1：计算机与网络知识
1.计算机系统知识
1.1 硬件知识
1.1.1 计算机组成
·计算机部件
·指令系统
·处理器的性能
1.1.2 存储器
·存储介质
- 2 -
·主存（类型、容量和性能）
·主存配置（交叉存取、多级主存）
·辅存（容量、性能）
·存储系统（虚拟存储器、高速缓存）
1.1.3 输入输出结构和设备
·中断、DMA、通道、SCSI
·IO 接口
·输入输出设备类型和特征
1.2 操作系统知识
1.2.1 基本概念
·操作系统的功能及分类


·多道程序
·内核和中断控制
·进程和线程
1.2.2 处理机管理、存储管理、设备管理、文件管理
·进程的状态及转换
·进程调度算法
·死锁
·存储管理方案
·文件管理
·作业调度算法
1.3 系统管理
1.3.1 系统配置技术
·系统构架模式（2 层、3 层及多层 CS 和 BS 系统）
·高可用性配置方法
· RAID 技术
1.3.2 系统性能
·性能设计
·性能指标、性能评估
1.3.3 系统可靠性
·可靠性度量
·可靠性设计
·可靠性指标和可靠性评估，RAS
2.系统开发和运行基础知识
2.1 系统开发基础知识
2.1.1 需求分析和设计
·需求分析和管理
·结构化分析与设计
·面向对象分析与设计
·模块设计、IO 设计、人机界面设计
2.1.2 测试评审方法
·测试方法
·评审方法
- 3 -
·测试设计和管理方法（注入故障、系统测试）
2.1.3 项目管理基础知识
·制定项目计划
·质量控制计划、管理和评估
·过程管理（PERT 图、甘特图、工作分解结构、进度控制、关键路径）
·配置管理
·人员计划和管理
·文档管理（文档规范、变更管理）
·成本管理和风险管理


is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the d gradey, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the inventory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of
fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is
2.2 系统维护
·维护的类型
·维护过程管理
·硬件维护，软件维护
3. 网络技术
3.1 网络体系结构
3.1.1 网络拓扑结构
3.1.2 网络分类
·LAN、MAN、WAN
·接入网、主干网
3.1.3 ISO OSIRM
3.2 TCPIP 协议
·应用层协议
·传输层协议（TCP、UDP）
·网络层协议 IP
·数据链路层协议
3.3 数据通信基础
3.3.1 信道特性
3.3.2 调制和编码
·ASK、FSK、PSK、QPSK
·抽样定理、PCM
·编码
3.3.3 传输技术
·通信方式（单工半双工全双工、串行并行）
·差错控制
·同步控制
·多路复用
3.3.4 传输介质
·有线介质
·无线介质
3.3.5 线路连接设备（调制解调器、DSU、DCU）
3.3.6 物理层
3.4 局域网
·IEEE 体系结构
- 4 -
·以太网
·网络连接设备
·高速 LAN 技术
·VLAN
·无线 LAN、CSMACA
3.5 网络互连
·网际互联设备


·交换技术
·接入技术
3.6 因特网
·因特网概念
·Internet 服务
·电子商务
·电子政务
3.7 网络操作系统
·网络操作系统的功能、分类和特点
·网络设备驱动程序（ODI、NDIS）
·Windows 2003
·ISA 2004
·RedHat Linux
3.8 网络管理
·网络管理的功能域
·网络管理协议
·网络管理命令
·网络管理工具
·网络管理平台
·分布式网络管理
4.网络安全
4.1 安全技术与协议
4.1.1 保密
·私钥加密体制
·公钥加密体制
4.1.2 安全机制
·认证
·数字签名
·完整性
·访问控制
4.1.3 安全协议
4.1.4 病毒防范和入侵检测
4.2 访问控制技术
5.标准化知识
5.1 信息系统基础设施标准化
5.1.1 标准
- 5 -
·国际标准（ISO、IEC）与美国标准（ANSI）
·国家标准（GB）
·行业标准与企业标准
5.1.2 安全性标准
·信息系统安全措施


is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the d gradey, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the inventory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of
fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is
·CC 标准
·BS7799 标准
5.2 标准化组织
·国际标准化组织
·美国标准组织
·欧洲标准化组织
·中国国家标准化委员会
6.信息化基础知识
·全球信息化趋势、国家信息化战略、企业信息化战略和策略
·互联网相关的法律、法规知识
·个人信息保护规则
·远程教育、电子商务、电子政务等基础知识
·企业信息化资源管理基础知识
7.计算机专业英语
·具有工程师所要求的英语阅读水平
·掌握本领域的基本英语词汇
考试科目 2：网络系统设计与管理
1.网络系统分析与设计
1.1 网络系统的需求分析
1.1.1 应用需求分析
·应用需求的调研
·网络应用的分析
1.1.2 现有网络系统分析
·现有网络系统结构调研
·现有网络体系结构分析
1.1.3 需求分析
·功能需求
·通信需求
·性能需求
·可靠性需求
·安全需求
·维护和运行需求
·管理需求（管理策略）
1.2 网络系统的设计
1.2.1 技术和产品的调研和评估
·收集信息
- 6 -
·采用的技术和产品的比较研究
·采用的技术和设备的比较要点
1.2.2 网络系统的设计
·确定协议
·确定拓扑结构


·确定连接（链路的通信性能）
·确定节点（节点的处理能力）
·确定网络的性能
·确定可靠性措施
·确定安全性措施
·结构化布线系统
·网络设备的选择，制定选择标准
·通信子网的设计
·资源子网的设计
1.2.3 新网络业务运营计划
1.2.4 设计评审
1.3 网络系统的构建和测试
1.3.1 安装工作
1.3.2 测试和评估
1.3.3 转换到新网络的工作计划
2．网络系统的运行、维护管理、评价
2.1 网络系统的运行和维护
2.1.1 用户措施
·用户管理、用户培训、用户协商
2.1.2 制定维护和升级的策略和计划
·确定策略
·设备的编制
·审查的时间
·升级的时间
2.1.3 维护和升级的实施
·外部合同要点
·内部执行要点
2.1.4 备份与数据恢复
·数据的存储与处置
·备份
·数据恢复
2.1.5 网络系统的配置管理
·设备管理
·软件管理
·网络配置图
2.2 网络系统的管理
2.2.1 网络系统的监视
·网络管理协议（SNMP、MIB-2、RMON）
- 7 -
·利用工具监视网络性能
·利用工具监视网络故障
·利用工具监视网络安全（入侵检测系统）


is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the d gradey, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the inventory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of
fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is
·性能监视的检查点
·安全监视的检查点
2.2.2 故障恢复分析
·故障分析要点（LAN 监控程序）
·排除故障要点
·故障报告撰写要点
2.2.3 系统性能分析
·系统性能要点
2.2.4 危害安全的对策
·危害安全情况分析
·入侵检测要点
·对付计算机病毒的要点
2.3 网络系统的评价
2.3.1 系统评价
·系统能力的限制
·潜在的问题分析
·系统评价要点
2.3.2 改进系统的建议
·系统生命周期
·系统经济效益
·系统的可扩充性
3．网络系统实现技术
3.1 网络协议
·商用网络协议（SNAAPPN、IPXSPX、AppleTalk、TCPIP）
·商务协议（XML、CORBA、COMDCOM、EJB）
·Web 服务（WSDL、SOAP、UDDI）
3.2 可靠性设计
·硬件高可靠性技术
·软件高可靠性技术
·系统维护高可靠性技术
·容错技术
·通信质量
·RAID
3.3 网络设施
3.3.1 xDSL 调制解调器
3.3.2 FRAD（帧装配拆除） 、CLAD（信元装配拆装）
·接口
·功能
3.3.3 交换机和路由器的配置
·命令行接口配置
- 8 -
·Web 方式访问交换机和路由器


·VLAN 配置
·VOIP 配置
·路由协议的配置
·广域联网
·DTP、STP、RSTP
3.3.4 远程访问服务器
·功能和机制
3.3.5 多层交换机功能和机制
3.3.6 IP 路由器功能和控制
3.4 网络应用与服务
3.4.1 IP 地址
·IPv4、IPv6
·动态分配和静态分配
·DHCP 服务器的原理及配置（Windows、Linux）
3.4.2 网络系统管理
·网络管理命令
·Linux 系统
·Windows 系统
·Windows 活动目录
·Windows 终端服务与远程管理
3.4.3 DNS
·URL
·域名解析
·DNS 服务器的配置（Windows、Linux）
3.4.4 电子邮件服务器配置（Windows、Linux）
3.4.5 WWW
·虚拟主机
·WWW 服务器配置（Windows、Linux）
·WWW 服务器的安全配置
3.4.6 代理服务器的配置（Windows、Linux）
3.4.7 FTP 服务器
·FTP 服务器的访问
·FTP 服务器的配置（Windows、Linux）
3.4.8 网络接入与服务
·HFC、ADSL、FTTx+LAN、WLAN、移动通信
·服务供应商
·因特网广播、电子商务、电子政务
·主机服务提供者、数据中心
3.5 网络安全
3.5.1 访问控制与防火墙
·ACL 命令
·过滤规则


is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the d gradey, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the inventory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of
fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is
- 9 -
·防火墙配置
3.5.2 数字证书
3.5.3 VPN 配置
3.5.4 PGP
3.5.5 病毒防护
4．网络新技术
4.1 光纤网
·无源光网 PON（APON、EPON）
4.2 无线网
·移动电话系统（WCDMA、CMDA2000、TD-SCDMA）
·微波接入（MMDS LMDS）
·卫星接入
·蓝牙接入
4.3 主干网
·IP over SONETSDH
·IP over Optical
·IP over DWDM
4.4 通信服务
·全天候 IP 连接服务（租用线路 IP）
·IPv6
4.5 网络管理
·基于 TMN 的网络管理
·基于 CORBA 的网络管理
如何备考网络工程师
网络工程师有一本蓝皮的官方教材：《网络工程师教程》，由雷震甲先生主编。我
也买了一 本，不过买完不久就后悔了，因为那本教材实在没办法给你很多考试信息，
而且软考上午题有10~15 分是考和网络工程师毫无关联的乱七八糟的知识，如计算机
硬件，版权法，操作系统原理等等等等。而那 本蓝皮教材这部分知识是没有的。
如果可以的话，你可以去买历年真题解析，我想历年真题解析比《网络工程师教
程》有用的多。
而我的建议是，直接到网上找最近几年的历年真题，做题。然后对看答案。
通常来说，做六 到七套真题就够了。





软件设计师




软件设计师考试辅导
(1) 掌握计算机内的数据表示、算术和逻辑运算方法；

(2) 掌握相关的应用数学及离散数学基础知识；
(3) 掌握计算机体系结构以及各主要部件的性能和基本工作原理；
(4) 掌握操作系统、程序设计语言的基础知识，了解编译程序的基本知识；
(5) 熟练掌握常用数据结构和常用算法；
(6) 熟悉数据库、网络和多媒体的基础知识；
(7) 掌握C程序设计语言，以及C++、Java中的一种程序设计语言；
(8) 熟悉软件工程、软件过程改进和软件开发项目管理的基础知识；
(9) 掌握软件设计的方法和技术；
(10) 了解信息化、常用信息技术标准、安全性，以及有关法律、法规的基础知识；
(11) 正确阅读和理解计算机领域的英文资料。
考试科目1
1.计算机与软件工程知识
1. 计算机科学基础知识
1.1数制及其转换
二进制、八进制、十进制和十六进制等常用数制及其相互转换?
1.2 计算机内数据的表示
数的表示（补码表示，整数和实数的表示，精度和溢出）?
非数值表示（字符和汉字表示，声音表示、图像表示）?
1.3算术运算和逻辑运算
计算机中的二进制数运算方法?
逻辑代数的基本运算?
1.4其他数学基础知识
常用数值计算?
排列组合，概率论应用，应用统计（数据的统计分析）?
编码基础?
命题逻辑、谓词逻辑、形式逻辑的基础知识?
运筹基本方法?
2. 计算机系统知识


is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the d gradey, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the inventory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of
fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is
2.1计算机硬件基础知识
2.1.1计算机系统的组成、体系结构分类及特性
CPU、存储器的组成、性能和基本工作原理?
常用IO设备、通信设备的性能以及基本工作原理?
IO接口的功能、类型和特性?
CISCRISC，流水线操作，多处理机，并行处理?
2.1.2存储系统
虚拟存储器基本工作原理，多级存储体系?
RAID类型和特性?
2.1.3可靠性与系统性能评测基础知识
诊断与容错?
系统可靠性分析评价?
计算机系统性能评测方法?
2.2计算机软件知识
2.2.1数据结构与算法知识
数组?
链表?
队列、栈?
树?
图的定义、存储和基本操作?
杂凑（Hash表）?
常用的排序算法、查找算法、数值计算、字符串处理、数据压缩算法、递归算法、图
的相关算法?
算法描述和分析?
2.2.2 操作系统知识
操作系统的内核?
处理机管理?
存储管理?
设备管理?
文件管理?
作业管理?
网络操作系统和嵌入式操作系统基础知识?
操作系统的配置?
2.2.3程序设计语言和语言处理程序知识
汇编、编译、解释系统的基础知识和基本工作原理?
程序设计语言的基本成分（数据、运算、控制和传输），程序调用的实现机制?
各类程序设计语言的主要特点和适用情况?
2.2.4 数据库知识
数据库模型（概念模式、外模式、内模式）?
数据模型，ER图，规范化?
数据操作?
数据库语言?


数据库管理系统的功能和特征?
数据库的控制功能?
数据仓库和分布式数据库基础知识?
2.3 计算机网络知识
网络体系结构?
传输介质，传输技术，传输方法，传输控制?
常用网络设备和各类通信设备的特点?
Client-Server结构，Browser- Server结构?
LAN（拓扑，存取控制，组网，网间互连）?
Internet 和Intranet 基础知识以及应用?
网络软件?
网络管理，网络性能分析?
2.4 多媒体基础知识
多媒体系统基础知识?
简单图形的绘制，图像文件的处理方法?
音频和视频信息的应用?
多媒体应用开发过程?
3. 系统开发和运行知识
3.1软件工程知识
软件生存周期与软件生存周期模型?
软件开发方法?
软件开发项目管理?
软件开发工具与软件开发环境?
3.2 系统分析基础知识
系统分析的主要步骤?
机构化分析方法?
3.3 系统设计基础知识
概要设计与详细设计的基本任务?
系统设计的基本原理?
系统模块结构设计?
结构化设计方法?
面向数据结构的设计方法?
系统详细设计?
3.4 系统实施基础知识
系统实施的基本内容?
程序设计方法?
程序设计的基本模块?
系统测试?
系统转换?
3.5 系统运行和维护基础知识
系统可维护性的概念?


is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the d gradey, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the inventory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of
fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is
系统维护的类型?
系统评价的概念和类型?
3.6 软件质量管理基础知识
软件质量特性（ISOIEC 9126软件质量模型）?
软件质量保证?
软件复杂性的概念及度量方法（McCabe度量法）?
软件评审（设计质量评审、程序质量评审）?
软件容? 错技术
3.7 软件过程改进基础知识
软件能力成熟度模型CMM?
统一过程（UP）与极限编程（XP）的基本概念?
5. 信息安全知识
信息系统安全基础知识?
信息系统安全管理?
保障完整性与可用性的措施?
加密与解密机制基础知识?
风险管理（风险分析、风险类型、抗风险措施和内部控制）?
计算机安全相关的法律、法规基础知识?
6. 标准化、信息化和知识产权基础知识
6.1 标准化基础知识
标准化意识，标准化组织机构，标准的内容、分类、代号与编号规定，标
准制订过程?
国际标准、国家标准、行业标准、企业标准?
代码标准、文件格式标准、安全标准、互联网相 关标准、软件开发规范和
文档标准、基于构件的软件标准?
6.2 信息化基础知识
全球信息化趋势、国家信息化战略、企业信息化战略和策略?
互联网相关的法律、法规?
个人信息保护规则?
远程教育、电子商务、电子政务等基础知识?
企业信息资源管理基础知识?
6.3 知识产权基础知识
保护知识产权有关的法律、法规?
7. 计算机专业英语
具有工程师所要求的英语阅读水平?
理解本领域的英语术语?




考试科目2：软件设计
1．外部设计
1.1 理解系统需求说明
1.2 准备进行系统开发
选择开发方法、准备开发环境、制订开发计划?
1.3 设计系统功能
选择系统结构?
设计各子系统的功能和接口?
设计安全性策略、需求和实现方法?
制订详细的工作流和数据流?
1.4 设计数据模型
设计ER模型及其他数据模型?
1.5 编写外部设计文档
系统配置图、各子系统关系图?
系统流程图、系统功能说明书?
输入输出规格说明、数据规格说明、用户手册框架?
设计系统测试要求?
1.6 外部设计的评审
2．内部设计
2.1 设计软件结构
按构件分解，确定构件功能、规格以及构件之间的接口?
数据结构与算法设计?
采用中间件和工具?
2.2 设计输入输出
2.3 设计物理数据
2.4 构件的创建和重用
创建构件、重用构件?
使用子程序库或类库?
2.5 编写内部设计文档
构件划分图、构件间的接口、构件处理说明?
屏幕界面设计文档、报表设计文档、文件设计文档、数据库设计文档?
2.6 内部设计的评审
3．数据库应用分析与设计
设计关系模式?


is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the d gradey, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the inventory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of
fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is
数据库语言（SQL）?
数据库访问?
4．程序设计
4.1 模块划分
4.2 编写程序设计文档
4.3 程序设计评审
5．系统实施
5.1 配置计算机系统及环境
5.2 选择合适的程序设计语言
5.3 用C程序设计语言以及C++、Java中的任一种程序设计语言进行程序设计
5.4 系统测试
指导程序员进行模块测试，并进行验收?
准备系统集成测试环境和测试工具?
准备测试数据?
写出测试报告?
6．软件工程应用
6.1 软件开发周期模型
6.2 需求分析
6.3 软件设计
软件设计的基本原则?
软件设计方法?
程序设计（结构化程序设计、面向对象程序设计）?
6.4 软件测试的原则与方法
6.5 软件质量（软件质量特性、软件质量控制）
6.6 软件过程评估基本方法、软件能力成熟度评估基本方法
6.7 软件开发环境和开发工具
6.8 面向对象技术
面向构件技术?
统一建模语言（UML）?
软件过程改进模型和方法?
6.9 网络环境软件技术





















连续很多天都是天亮之后才睡觉。别人问我，你晚上不睡觉 都在干嘛。我马上回答，写稿啊，书稿还没交呢。但其实，我一个字也没写。而之所以熬夜，也不过是因为心里有 牵挂的人和未完
成的事吧。


is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the d gradey, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the inventory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of
fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is
别人问你怎么还不睡，你说不困。其实熬夜很困，打个哈欠都会有眼泪流出来，只是心中一直有 所期待，有所牵挂。就好像下一秒就会收到喜欢的人的消息，下一秒就能遇见一个惊喜。
又或者，熬了太 久却迟迟得不到自己想要的结果，渐渐的习惯了孤独。
为什么会熬夜呢，大概是因为白天的自己太 理智，太冷漠，好像什么都不在乎。所以有些情绪和思念，心酸和不舍，是要留到深夜独自慢慢消化的。白天的自 己和晚上的自己完全不是同
一个人啊，白天口口声声说一定早睡，晚上却从来做不到。像失忆一样拿命熬 夜，白天开开心心无忧无虑，晚上却忧郁的不行。白天觉得我最牛逼，晚上却变成世界第一大傻逼。
总觉得幸福的人是不用熬夜的，每天都有规律的生活，爱的人就躺在身边，现在过的是想要的生活，手里牵的是喜 欢的人。
昨天有人问我，为什么你晚上不睡觉。
我想了很久，已经两三年没有在两 点之前入睡过了。但我也说不清为什么，那个人突然给我发了一段话，我突然觉得，这是我熬夜的原因，也是很多 人熬夜的原因。
你总是习惯熬夜，然后我也故意很晚都不睡。装作是和你一样睡不着，这样就可以 和你聊很久，可是你都不知道其实我要困死了。后来你走了，熬夜的习惯却怎么都改不掉。
说片面点是熬夜，说实在点是失眠，说实话是想你。
你有没有过，为了陪一个人聊天，其实下一秒已经要睡着，但还是死抓着手机不肯睡。
你有没有过，因为一个人的一句话，明明很困却突然变得很清醒，开心和喜悦赶走了所有困意。
你有没有过，为了等一个人的晚安，不停的刷着朋友圈发着动态，其实只想让他看到你还没睡。
你有没有过，因为太思念一个人，每天都害怕深夜来临，害怕孤独，害怕寂寞，害怕牵挂的感觉。
我知道，你都有过。
可是，你每天这样熬夜，有人心疼你吗？
前天晚上一个作家姐 姐突然发消息说，妹妹，钱是挣不完的，别累着自己，身体最重要。昨晚她发现我又在熬夜，给我发消息说，一定 照顾好自己，莫名心疼你。
我很感动，又觉得很可笑。一个没见过面的人看你熬夜都会心疼，会劝 你照顾好自己，但你每天熬夜想着的那个人，没给你发过一条消息。第一次见面的陌生人都会劝你少喝酒少抽烟，
素不相识的微信好友都会让你早点休息，可你抽烟喝酒熬夜在等的那个人，从来都没在意过你，连一句晚 安都没有。
我经常给别人讲道理，永远不要为了一个不爱你的人折磨自己。但这句话其实就像放屁 ，因为一旦爱上一个人，就没办法控制自己。我们在爱情里，从来都不是理性的。后来有人问我，
怎么忘 记一个人。
我说，把酒喝够，把烟抽完，把黑夜熬成天亮，等你真的感觉疼了，你就忘记了。不撞 南墙不死心，大概就是这个道理。别人苦口婆心的劝说，其实你一点儿都听不进去。你害怕失去、
害怕背 叛、害怕从未拥有，你害怕的太多、心事太多，所以很难入睡。那你就熬吧，等熬过了这一阵，你又会觉得其实生 活还是很美好。
你要记住，所有关于感情的问题，都不要在深夜做决定。无论分手还是牵手，无论 坚持还是放弃。因为女人啊，从来都不是理性动物，再加上深夜里的一杯红酒，一根香烟，感性越发强
烈 。
五年前第一次听梁静茹的《问》，歌里唱，如果女人，总是等到夜深，无悔付出青春，他就会对你真。


那时候真的傻到相信，用心爱一个人，就能把他留在自己身边。现在才明白，在一起一辈 子这种事，不是嘴上说了就可以。外面的诱惑这么多，人的欲望这么大，而你能给的爱，其实就
这么多。
后来我经常说，如果爱一个人又不可得，那就找个爱自己的吧。别太累，别付出太多，别太委屈，你 说你爱他所以无所畏惧，但你的感情和耐心其实就这么多，你无法永远输出。
总有一天它们会因迟迟得不到回应而枯竭。等到那一天你会发现，哪怕再遇到喜欢的人，也没有力气去喜欢了。





















is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the d gradey, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the inventory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of
fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is