卡达2004年7月全国高等教育自学考试英语科技文选试题

2021年1月14日发(作者：支友年)
2004年7月全国高等教育自学考试英语科
技文选试题
I. Directions： Add the appropriate affix（es） to each word
according to the given Chinese， making changes when
necessary.（10%） 1. requisite 先决条件 1.______
2. cast 预报 2.______
3. system 系统化 3.______
4. strength 加强 4.______
5. sense 感觉的 5.______
6. poison 有毒的 6.______
7. mathematics 元数学 7.______
8. cluster 超星系团 8.______
9. conductor 半导体 9.______
10. media 多媒体 10.______
Ⅱ。Directions： Fill in the blanks， each using one of the
given words and phrases below in its proper form.（10%）
allot show up alternative bear out inject with end up
have a bearing on be familiar with bump into what‘s more
11. Eventually we shall be able to “humanize” animals by
______ them ______ human genes for transplantation
purposes， so that their organs will become compatible with
the body of the person receiving the transplant.
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12. These insights were later ______ by the observations
made by Gregor Mendel in the second half of the nineteenth
century.
13. Men are from Mars， women from Venus.______，
women do phonological processing with both their right and
left inferior frontal gyri.
14. Such a book would be by no means academic， but
would ______ wide ______ the general history of thought and
ideas.
15. Every day， however， we ______ phenomena that
may well be unknowable but that we do not recognize as such.
16. Anyone who needs to understand how various
substances interact， or how they change when conditions
change， has to ______ some of the fundamental principles of
chemistry.
17. Defects ______ as variations from the perfect model
because they produce an interference pattern.
18. The group leader ______ a special task to each person.
19. But FM-RI is more precise than other
techniques—which is how she and her husband ______
discovering sex differences in phonological processing， or
letter-to-sound conversion.
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20. It takes time to develop ______ energy sources.
Ⅲ。Directions： Fill in each blank with a suitable word
given below.（20%）
how that such these consumption
high better another help combine
as identify advanced certain knowledge
reliable increasingly of further under
A noteworthy advance in agricultural technology will be
expert computer systems that
21 knowledge from many disciplines to help guide
farmers‘ action. Several 22 “decision support systems” are now
23 development to aid farmers with soil management. Most
24 are systems for handling phosphorus deficiency and 25
acidity， but others are in the offing. 26 computer applications
not only present an expert analysis 27 what is known and the
effect a 28 management approach might produce， but they
also can 29 key gaps in knowledge that might be addressed by
30 data collection.
The strength of expert systems is 31 they can combine
scientific principles with indigenous farming 32 A weakness is
that they may not provide 33 answers for situations that evolve
rapidly. 34 approach， involving numerical simulations， can
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35 deal with continuously changing effects such as weather.
The aim 36 is to integrate expert systems and simulation
models. 37 this goal is accomplished， farmers will
38 use computer-based tools to 39 control pests， reduce
water 40 and manage many different kinds of crops.
21.__________ 22.__________
23.__________ 24.__________
25.__________ 26.__________
27.__________ 28.__________
29.__________ 30.__________
31.__________ 32.__________
33.__________ 34.__________
35.__________ 36.__________
37.__________ 38.__________
39.__________ 40.__________
Ⅳ。Directions： Translate the following sentences into
English， each using one of the given words or phrases below.
（10%）
in common be regarded as bump into
afford untanglebe incompatible
41. 在许多情况下，接受器官移植的身体对移植器官有
排他性。
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42. 这两个朋友有许多共同之处。
43. 解开缠绕的电线花了他很长时间。
44. 心理学是生物科学的一个分支。他研究人的心理状
态、心理过程等现象。
45. 这个国家难以舍弃这些受过良好教育的专业人才。
Ⅴ。Directions： Translate the following paragraph（s） into
Chinese.（15%）
pace，of course， is bigger than a telephone call.
It encompasses the millions of personal computers connected
by modems—via the telephone system—to commercial online
services， as well as the millions more with high-speed links to
local area networks， office E-mail systems and the Internet. It
includes the rapidly expanding wireless services： microwave
towers that carry great quantities of cellular phone and data
traffic； communications satellites strung like beads in
geosynchronous orbit； low-flying satellites that will soon
crisscross the globe like angry bees， connecting folks too
far- flung or too much on the go to be tethered by wires.
Someday even our television sets may be part of cyberspace，
transformed into interactive “teleputers” by so-called
full- service networks like the ones several cable-TV companies
（including Time Warner） are building along the old cable
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lines， using fiber optics and high-speed switches.
Ⅵ。Directions：Read through the following passages and
choose the best answer marked A，B，C or D.（20%）
There are two main things that make aircraft engineering
difficult； the need to make every component as reliable as
possible and the need to build everything as light as possible.
The fact that an aeroplane is up in the air and cannot stop if
anything goes wrong， makes it perhaps a matter of life or
death that its performance is absolutely dependable.
Given a certain power of engine， and consequently a
certain fuel consumption， there is a practical limit to the total
weight of aircraft that can be made to fly. Out of that weight as
much as possible is wanted for fuel， radio navigational
instruments， passenger seats， or freight room， and， of
course， the passengers or freight themselves. So the structure
of the aircraft has to be as small and light as safety and
efficiency will allow. The designer must calculate the normal
load that each part will bear. This specialist is called the ‘stress
man’。 He takes account of any unusual stress that may be put
on the part as a precaution against errors in manufacture，
acciedental damage， etc.
The stress man‘s calculations go to the designer of the part，
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