准入专业英语四级 23

2021年1月14日发(作者：谢汲)

专业英语四级-23

(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、完型填空题(总题数：3，分数：100.00)

In September, more than a dozen whales beached themselves in the Canary Islands. Rescuers tried
to water down the whales and keep them cool. But all of them 1 died.



















Nearby, NATO naval forces were 2 echo sounding devices meant to 3 an enemys submarines, and public
4 of the deaths ultimately came to 5 suspicions of a link between whale distress and loud ocean
noises.
The theory is 6 the mammals seek to 7 the roar of the deep, rush toward the surface and in some
cases end up going ashore.
For decades, environmentalists have worked to reduce the undersea noise—usually with 8 success,
given the growing industrialization and militarization of the oceans. They have 9 suits and waged
letter-writing campaigns, 10 a recent petition that asks the United States Navy to 11 its testing
of underwater sound equipment.
The discovery by biologists in Hawaii that whales can 12 the sensitivity of their hearing to protect
their ears from loud noise 13 another dimension to the debate.


Michael Jasny, a senior policy analyst, called the research fascinating and said he hoped it would
prove 14 in protecting whale hearing from these threats.










But he 15 the finding as a work in 16 that posed many unanswered questions.
A lot more work needs 17 , he said. Could it be replicated in the wild? Its a huge question.
18 whales could learn to decrease the sensitivity of their hearing, Mr. Jasny said, that would
19 only a relatively small part of the oceanic noise problem. Its important to understand that
瑩獜㈠‰尬栠?慳摩漠?桴?牰灯獯摥洠瑥潨?尠瑉眠湯瑜戠??楳癬牥戠汵敬?（分数：30.00）
ably
ally √
singly
ately


解析：[解析] 上文提到鲸鱼搁浅，句首的But转折表明尽管救援人员尽力抢 救，鲸鱼还是全都死了。因此填入eventually
“最终”合适。inevitably“不可避 免地”；surprisingly“令人惊讶地”；immediately“立刻”。
ping
ling
g √
ng
解析：[解析] 此处 要表达的意思是“NATO海军部队正______回声测探设备”，根据后文“以……敌人的潜艇”，可知填< br>入testing“测试”最合适。developing“开发”，installing“安装”，c hecking“检查”。
√

se

解析：[解析] 此处要填入动词，其逻辑主语是echo sounding devices“回声 设备”，用detect“侦查”最合适，表明
用回声设备来“侦查”敌人的潜艇。catch指“捕捉 ”或“无意中发现”，而此处是有目的的行为，故不选；楤捳潬敳揭
露”；reveal“透露”。
dge √

ng

ion
解析：[解析] 上文提到鲸鱼死亡，此处要表达“公众对鲸鱼死亡原因的……最终让人们怀疑鲸鱼的不 幸与海洋噪音之
间有一定联系”，故填入knowledge，表示公众的认知。而debate“争论 ”，mourning“哀悼”和reception“接待”在
上下文没有相关线索。



then √
解析：[解析] 上文提到海军用回声没备 监测潜艇，这会造成大量的噪音，人们怀疑鲸鱼死亡与此相关，因此，这种怀
疑会因鲸鱼死亡进一步“加 剧”，故填入strengthen。

r

√
解析：[解析] 空格后的句子结构、意思完整，故用that引导该表语从句。

√
e

解析：[解析] 上文提到鲸鱼搁浅与海洋噪音有 关联，空格后的“海洋深处的咆哮”指的就是噪音。鲸鱼无法resist“阻
止”、silence“ 使静止”或stop“停止”噪音，合乎逻辑的是escape“逃离”。



√
解析：[解析] 空格后的条件状语“不断发展的工业化和军事化” 表明环保人士取得的成功不大，success是不可数名词，
故填入little。
√


ed
解析：[解析] filed意为“提出(申请等)”，能与空格后的suits搭配，表示他们提出诉讼。
orating
ing √
sing
ning
解析：[解析] 空格后半句为前面campaigns的具体内容，including“包含”起着 列举的作用，故选B。incorporating
侧重于一物对另一物的“吸收”；comprisi ng表示部分组成整体；containing指被作为组成部分而被“包含”或“容纳”
在内，通常用 于具体物品。

te
√
e
解析：[解析] 公众认为噪音对鲸鱼有害，故选择drop“放弃”。


se
√se
解析：[解析] 空格后的目的状语to protect ...(保护耳朵不受吵闹噪音的伤害)表明鲸鱼要“降低”听觉的敏感性才可
达到，故选择decre ase。
√



解析：[解析] 本句的主语是the discovery，其后的that whales...noise是修饰主语的同位 语从句。故空格处填入的
动词应为句子谓语。上下文使用的是一般时态，所以答案为adds。
ent
ive √
sful
ient
解析：[解析] 此处应表达Michael希望研究结果能证明鲸鱼可以保护自己的听觉不受噪音威胁 ，effective“有效的”，
符合句意逻辑。
ced
ed
terized √
ied
解析：[解析] characterize ...as...“认为……是……”。符合语境要求。denounced“谴责”和accepted“接受 ”都
不与as搭配，意思也不对；justified“证明……是正当的”意思不对。

t

ss √
解析：[解析] 空格后的定语从句that...questions(它提出了许多尚未解答的问题)表示这项工作是in
progress“进行中”，下一段说“还有很多工作要做”可进一步印证。
be doing

do
be done √
解析：[解析] need后可接不定式或动名词，主语work和动作do之间是被动关系，可填入动 名词doing或不定式的被
动语态to be done。
if √
only
e that
that
解析：[解析] 鲸鱼能否降低听觉的敏感性并没有定论，且本句使用了虚拟语气could learn to...，因此空格要填入的
连词应表虚拟条件，故Even if“即使”正确。If only“只要”也可以接虚拟，但语义不通；Despite that“尽管”和
Now that“既然”在意思和用法上都可排除。

fy
s √

解析：[解析] 空格处的动词与后面problem构成动宾搭配，如果鲸鱼能降低听 觉敏感性，这是解决了问题，故用address
“探讨(如何处理)”。expose“揭露，曝光” ；identify“鉴别”；raise“引发”。

s
d √


解析：[解析] 后文的silver bullet字面意思是“银色子弹”，指“良方”。空格处应与silver bullet语义相反，故
填入limited“有限的”。useless“无用的”过于绝对。
When shopkeepers want to lure customers into buying a particular product, they typically offer

Journal of Marketing
, they it at a discount. According to a new study to be published in the
are 21 a trick.


A team of researchers, led by Akshay Rao of University of Minnesota, looked at consumers 22 to


discounting. Shoppers, they found, much prefer getting something extra free to getting something
cheaper. The main reason is that most people are 23 at fractions.


Consumers often struggle to realise, 24 , that a 50% increase in 25 is the same as a 33% discount

in price. They 26 assume the former is better value. In an experiment, the researchers sold 73%


more hand lotion when it was offered in a 27 pack than when it carried an equivalent discount.


This numerical blind 28 remains even when the deal 29 favours the discounted product. In another

experiment, this time on his undergraduates, Mr. Rao offered two deals on loose coffee beans:
33% extra free or 33% 30 the price. The discount is 31 the better proposition, but the experiment

shows the supposedly clever students viewed them 32 equivalent.


Marketing types can draw lessons 33 just pricing, says Mr. Rao. When advertising a new cars


efficiency, for example, it is more 34 to talk about the number of extra miles per gallon it does,


35 the equivalent percentage fall in fuel 36 .











There may be lessons for officials 37 regulate prices too. Even well-educated shoppers are easily


38 . Sending everyone back to school for math seems out of the question. 39 more prominently

displayed unit prices in shops and advertisements would be a great 40 .（分数：30.00）


g
g √
g
g
解析：[解析] 上文提到店主会打折吸引顾客，下一段提及研究表示顾客更喜欢免费的赠品，空格后的 trick指“诀窍”，
由此可推断本句应表达店主失算的意思，故miss正确。
ance
ition
des √
cies
解析：[解析] 后一句说到研究团队得出的结论，此处应表达消费者如何对待打折，故填入attit udes“态度”。相对打
折，消费者更喜欢赠品，但他们对打折并不抵触，故resistance“ 抵抗”不对；disposition和tendencies与to连用，
都表示“倾向”，不符合上 下文语境。

ul

√
解析：[解析] 打折实际上是更省钱的，但人们不爱打折爱赠品，此处说明原因，空格后的fractions本指“分数”，这
里引申为算术，故填入weak“弱的”，指大部分人不擅长数学。quick“迅速的”；skill ful“熟练的”；dumb“笨的”则
过于绝对。
example √
a result
particular
contrast
解析：[解析] 上文提及与fractions有关的主要原因，本段用具体的事例说明，提及50% ，33%，73%等多个数据。因此
此处是支持上一句观点的具体例子，故A项for example符合语义。暑as a result“结果是”；in particular“特别”；
by contrast“相反”。


ty √


解析：[解析] 前文说到赠品，也就是消费者 拿到的东西更多，因此本句是对买到的商品“数量”价格和折扣进行对比，
故quantity正确。此 处并未指明是什么商品，因此weight“重量”，volume“体积”和size“大小”都不如quan tity
准确。
tedly
itly
ately
elmingly √
解析：[解析] 此处需填入副词，表明消费者对赠品的肯定态度 ，overwhelmingly“压倒性地”语气最强，故正确。
undoubtedly“无庸置疑 地”过于绝对；implicitly“含蓄地”；immediately“立即”。
√



解析：[解析] bonus可指购物时额外的赠品，与上文的getting something extra free相符，故正确。bubble“泡沫”；
single“单个的”；big“大的”。


√

解析：[解析] 此处要表达数字“盲点”之意，用blind spot表达。point作名词意为“小数点，句点”；track“行踪；