队友英语时间状语从句的用法及有关说明

2021年1月14日发(作者：莫少聪)
英语时间状语从句的用法及有关说明

一、普通类从属连词
引导时间状 语从句的普通类从属连词有when（当……时），while（在……期间），as（当……，
一边… …一边……），before（在……之前），after（在……之后），since（从……以来），til l/until
（直到），whenever（无论何时），as soon as（一……就）等。如：
When I went into the classroom, he was reading. 当我走进教室时，他正在看书。
He read a newspaper as he went along. 他边走边看报纸。
We must strike while the iron is hot. 我们必须趁热打铁。
I will tell you after they leave. 于他们走后我再告诉你。
I told him to come back whenever he wants to. 我告诉他什么时候想回来就回来。
I waited till/until she was back. 我一直等到她回来。
Once time is gone, you will never get it back. 时间一旦失去就再也得不到了
Things were different when I was a child. 我小时候情况与现在不同。
We must strike while the iron is hot. 我们要趁热打铁。
It’s a long time since I met you last. 从上次见到你，已有很长时间了。
He waited until she was about to leave. 他等着一直到她准备离开。

注意：在时间状语从句中，不能用一般将 来时、过去将来时态或将来完成时，而要用相应的
一般现在时态、一般过去时或现在完成时来代替。如：
I’ll telephone you as soon as I get there. 我一到达那里就打电话给你。
She said she would phone me as soon as she got there. 她说她一到达那里就给我电话。
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 等车停稳后才下车。

二．普通类从属连词讲解
1. 用when引导：when表示“当……时候”。如：
Things were different when I was a child. 我小时候情况与现在不同。
People breathe more slowly when they are asleep. 人睡觉时呼吸比较缓慢。
2. 用while引导：while表示“当……时候”。如：
We must strike while the iron is hot. 我们要趁热打铁。
I went swimming while the others played tennis. 我去游泳，其余的人都打网球去了。
注意：while 所引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词必须是持续性的，不能是短暂性的。
3. 用as引导：as表示“当……时候”“随着”。如：
He dropped the glass as he stood up. 他站起来时，把杯子摔了。
We get wiser as we get old. 随着年岁的增长，我们也变得聪明些了。
4. 用before引导：before表示“在……之前”。如：
Turn off the lights before you go to bed. 睡觉前要关灯。
Before he went to university he was a worker. 上大学之前他是工人。
5. 用after引导：after表示“在……之后”。如：
I will tell you after they leave. 他们走我再告诉你。
After you finish the letter show it to me．信写完后给我看看。
6. 用until / till引导：until / till表示“直到……”。如：
He waited until she was about to leave. 他等着一直到她准备离开。
I watched him until he disappeared in the distance. 我瞧着他直到他在远处消失。
这类句型的主句动词通常只能是延续性动词，不能 是终止性动词。但是，在否定句中，主句
动词可以是终止性动词，此时构成not…until [till]…句式，意为“直到……才……”。如：
She didn’t marry until she was over fifty. 她直到五十多岁才结婚。
We’d better not go until your sister arrives. 我们最好等你姐姐到了再走。
7. 用since引导：since表示“自从……以来”。如：
We have known each other since we were children. 我们从小认识。
They’ve moved twice since they got married. 他们结婚后已搬了两次家。
这类句子的主句通常用现在完成时 。但是，当主句表示一段时间时，可用一般现在时代替现
在完成时。如：
It’s a long time since we met last. 好久没见面了。
How long is it since you came in London? 你来伦敦有多久了?
8. 用as soon as引导：as soon as表示“一……就……”。如：
The boys ran off as soon as we appeared. 我们一来，孩子就都跑了。
He started as soon as he received the news. 他一接到消息就出发了。
表示“一……就……”这一意思的连词，除as soon as外，还可用the moment, the minute, the
instant等。如：
I want to see him the minute he arrives. 他一来到我就要见他。
The moment I saw him I knew there was no hope. 我一看到他就知道没希望了。


三、含 time的短语
可引导时间状语从句的 time 短语有every time, each time, (the) next time, (the) last time, by the
time, the first time, any time 等。如：
Every time I listen to music, I’ll think of it. 每当我听音乐，我就想起这事。
He didn’t tell me anything the last time I saw him. 上次我见到他时他什么也没告诉我。
Each time she moved her head she let out a moan. 她每转动一下头，就发出一声呻吟。
Every time I see her I’ll think of it. 每次我看到她，我就想起这事。
He felt nervous each time she spoke to him. 每次她和他讲话，他都感到紧张。
He didn’t tell me the last time I saw him. 我上次见到他时他没告诉我。
You can call me any time you want to. 你随时都可以给我打电话。
Each time I went there, I saw him working. 我每次去那儿都看见他在工作。
Every time I call on him, he is out. 我每次去访问他，他都不在。
Next time you come in, please close the door. 下次你进来，请关门。


四、表示“一……就……”
除as soon as外，还有三类：名词型——the moment, the minute, the second, the instant；副词
型——immediately, directly, instantly；句式型——no sooner…than…,
hardly/scarcely…when…。如：
The moment I saw him I knew that there was no hope. 我一看到他，就知道没有希望了。
I came immediately you called. 你一来电话我就来了。
I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. 我一到家就下起雨来了。
Immediately he came I told him the news. 他一来我就把消息告诉了他。
The moment I saw him I knew there was no hope. 我一看到他就知道没希望了。