底商成人英语阅读理解练习及答案

2021年1月15日发(作者：陆江)
2014年成人英语阅读理解练习及答案一
Passage 1
Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage
A great difference between American social customs and those of other countries is
the way in which names are used. Americans have little concern for especially
socially. Most Americans do not want to be treated in any especially respectful way
because of their age or social rank; it makes them feel uncomfortable. Many Americans
even find the terms or too formal. People of all ages may prefer
to be called by their first names.
Using only first names usually indicates friendliness and acceptance. However, if
you do not feel comfortable using only first names, it is quite acceptable to be
more formal. Just smile and say that after a while you will use first names but you
are accustomed to being more when you first meet someone.
Very often, introductions are made using both first and last names:
this is John Jones.
lady or begin a conversation using
last names, and after a while one or both of you may begin using first names instead.
You have a choice: if you don't want to use first names so quickly, no one will think
it impolite if you continue according to you own custom.
1. In the first paragraph the author tells us that
A. Americans do not talk about rank, especially socially
B. Americans feel uncomfortable when talking about rank
C. Americans tae interests in social customs
D. Americans don't care much about social rank
2. According to the passage, most Americans feel when they are treated especially
respectfully owing to their age or social rank.
A. sick B. sorry C. uneasy D. embarrassed
3. Which of the following statements in NOT true?
A. The way names are used in America is different from those of other countries.
B. Many Americans are used to being called by their first names.
C. It shows friendliness and kindness to use only first names.
D. When you talk to people in the United States, you have to use their first names.
4. If an American lady say call me Mrs Smith, just call me shows
A. she is not a married woman
B. she prefers to be called
C. she is not Mrs Smith
D. she likes to be more formal
5. The passage you've just read would most likely be found in a
A. guide-book for tourists
B. book about American history
C. notice
D. short story
PASSAGE 1
美国与其他国 家社会习俗的一个显着不同是名字的使用方式。美国人很少关注级别，特别
是在社交方面。多数美国人不 想因其年长或者级别高而受到特别的尊敬。这种特别的尊敬会
让他们感到局促不安。很多美国人甚至认为 称呼先生、女士和小姐过于正式。他们无
论年长或者年少可能更愿意别人称他们的名字。不要称呼我史密 斯女士，就叫我萨利好了。
只称呼名字常常意味着友好和接纳。但是如果只称呼名字你会感到不安，正式 一些是完全
可以接受的。只要微笑着说过一会儿你会称呼名字，但是第一次见面你习惯于比较正式的称< br>呼。
通常介绍时会同时使用姓和名：玛丽·史密斯，这位是约翰·琼斯。在这种情况下，你可< br>以自由决定称呼这位女士玛丽还是史密斯小姐。你们有时会以称呼对方的姓开始交谈，
不久其中一 人或两人同时开始称呼名字。你可以选择：如果你不想这么快就称呼名字，没有
人会认为你按照自己的习 惯继续称呼姓氏是不礼貌的。答案解析：
1. D 第一段讲道美国人很少关注级别，特别是在社交方 面。多数美国人不想因其年长或
者级别高而受到特别的尊敬。这种特别的尊敬会让他们感到局促不安。比 较四个选项，D的
意思最准确、最符合原文。
2. C 第一段原文提到 多数美国人因其年长或者级别高而受到特别的尊敬时会感到局促不
安。所以选C。 在本文中应该理解为局促不安的（ill at ease; uneasy）.
3. D 第一段结尾提到 如果只称呼名字你会感到不安，正式一些是完全可以接受的。只要微
笑着说过一会儿你 会称呼名字，但是第一次见面你习惯于比较正式的称呼。所以与美国人谈
话并不一定必须（have to）称呼名字。
4. B 从引文的上下文中可以推断出 Smith是比较正式的称呼，而美国人更喜欢直接
称呼名字。所以选择 B
5. A 本文主要介绍美国的社会习俗 - 社交场合的称呼，与历史无关、不是通知的形式、更
不是短篇小说。所以最可能出现在旅游指南上。
Passage 2
Questions 6-10 are based the following passage
Long bus rides are like television shows. They have a beginning, a middle, and an
end-with commercials thrown in every three or four minutes. The commercials are
unavoidable. They happen whether you want them or not. Every couple of minutes a
billboard glides by outside the bus window.
Good'n Wet Root with Pacific if you sleep, which is equal
to turning the television set off, are you spared the unending cry of Need It!
Buy It Now!
The beginning of the ride is comfortable and somewhat exciting, even if you've
traveled that way before. Usually some things have changed- new houses, new buildings,
sometimes even a new road. The bus driver has a style of driving and it's fun to
try to figure it out the first hour or so. If the driver is particularly reckless
or daring, the ride can be as thrilling as a suspense story. Will the driver pass
the truck in time? Will the driver move into the right or the left-hand lane? After
a while, of course, the excitement dies down. Sleeping for a while helps pass the
middle hours of the ride. Food always makes bus rides more interesting. But you've
got to be careful of what kind of food you eat. Too much salty food can make you
very thirsty between stops.
The end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning. You know it will soon be over
and there's a kind of expectation and excitement in that. The seat, of course, has
become harder as the hours have passed. By now you've sat with you legs crossed,
with your hands crossed behind your head. The end comes just at the right time. There
are just no more ways to sit.
6. According to the passage, what do the passengers usually see when they are on
a long bus trip?
A. Buses on the road.
B. Films on television.
C. Advertisements on the board.
D. Gas stations.
7. What is the purpose of this passage?
A. To give the writer's opinion about long bus trips.
B. To persuade you to take a long bus trip.
C. To explain how bus trips and television shows differ.
D. To describe the billboards along the road.
8. The writer of this passage would probably favor
A. bus drivers who weren't reckless
B. driving alone
C. a television set on the bus
D. no billboards along the road
9. The writer feels long bus rides are like TV shows because
A. the commercials both on TV shows and on billboards along the road are fun
B. they both have a beginning, a middle, and an end, with commercials in between
C. the drivers are always reckless on TV shows just as they are on buses
D. both traveling and watching TV are not exciting
10. The writer thinks that the end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning because
both are
A. exciting B. comfortable C. tiring D. boring
PASSAGE2
乘 坐长途车就如同欣赏电视秀，有开端、有情节、也有结尾，每隔三四分钟插播商业广告。
商业广告不可避 免。无论是否需要，都会出现。车窗外每几分钟就有商业广告牌闪过。买
超级清洁牙膏、喝个痛快就喝无 醇饮料、充太平洋天然气。只有睡觉，如同关掉电视
机，才能躲避无休止的叫喊你需要这个！现在就买吧 ！
旅程的开始是舒适并且有些兴奋的，即使曾经走过那条路。通常一些事物有变化，新房子、
新建筑、有时甚至新道路。司机有驾驶的风格，在一开始辨认出这种风格是一种乐趣。
如果司机横冲直 撞、敢于冒险，旅程将如同悬念小说一样惊险刺激。司机会恰好超过那辆卡
车吗？司机会开左车道还是右 车道？当然，不久刺激感渐渐消失了。睡一会有助于度过旅途
中间几个小时。食物始终让旅行更有趣味。 但是要注意吃哪种食物。过于咸的食物能使你在
站间非常口渴。
旅行结尾与开端有些相似。你 知道旅程将很快结束，就会产生一种期待和兴奋。座位一定随
着时间变得更加坚硬。现在你双腿交叉着坐 着，双手交叉垫在脑后。旅程适时结束。恰好没
有其他坐姿了。
答案解析：
6、C 第一段中介绍了乘客在坐长途车过程中所见的是广告牌。 commercials是商业
广告的意思;是广告牌的意思，即 。
7、 A 全文主要介绍作者对乘车长途旅行的感受。
8、 D 第一段作者认为商业广告不可避免和只有睡觉才能躲避广告，由此可以推断出作
者不喜欢沿途的广告牌。
9、 B 根据文章第一段第一句和第二句乘坐长途车就如同欣赏电视秀，有开端、有情节、
也 有结尾，每隔三四分钟插播商业广告可知。
10、A 根据文章第二段第一句旅程的开始是舒适并且有 些兴奋的和第三段第二句你知道
旅程将很快结束，就会产生一种期待和兴奋可知。
Passage 3
Questions 11-15 are based on the following passage
No poem should ever be discussed or
someone, teacher or student. Better still, perhaps, is the practice of reading it
twice, once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end, so the sound
of the poem is the last thing one hears of it.
All discussions of poetry are, in fact, preparations for reading it aloud, and the
reading of the poem is, finally, the most telling of it, suggesting
tone, rhythm, and meaning all at once. Hearing a poet read the work in his or her
own voice, on records or on film, is obviously a special reward. But even those aids
to teaching can not replace the student and teacher reading it or, best of all,
reciting it.
I have come to think, in fact, that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more
important than it, if there isn't time for both. I think one of our goals
as teachers of English is to have students love poetry. Poetry is
life
truth of feelingand it save your lifeIt also deserves a place in the teaching
of languages and literature more central than it presently occupies.
I am not saying that every English teacher must teach poetry. Those who don't like
it should not be forced to put that dislike on anyone else. But those who do teach
poetry must keep in mind a few things about its essential nature, about its sound
as well as its sense, and they must make room in the classroom for hearing poetry
as well as thinking about it.
11. According to the passage, to have a better understanding of a poem, the best
way is
A. to discuss it with others
B. to analyze it by oneself
C. to hear it read out
D. to practice reading it aloud
12. The recitation of a poetry by the teacher or a student in the classroom
A. is the best way to understand it中?华 考?试 网
B. easily arouses some discussion among the students
C. helps the teachers to analyse it
D. can not take the place of the poet reading it analyse
13. According to the author, one of the purposes of teaching English is getting
students
A. to criticize life B. to like poetry
C. to enjoy life D. to teach poetry
14. What does the last sentence in the third paragraph imply?
A. The teaching of poetry should have been much more stressed
B. The teaching of poetry is more important than the teaching of any other subject.
C. One cannot enjoy life fully without an understanding of poetry.
D. Poetry is the foundation of all languages and literature courses.
15. The phrase
A.
C.
PASSAGE 3
在教师或者学生朗 读之前，绝不应该讨论或者分析诗歌。朗读两次大概更好，一次在讨论
开始时，另一次在结尾，这样人们 最后听到的是诗歌的朗诵。
事实上，讨论诗都是为朗读做准备，并且读诗最终是对诗歌最生动有效的诠 释，同时表现出
语调、节奏和意义。显而易见，倾听诗人读自己的作品，无论是录音还是录像，都会带来 特
别的收益。但是即使教学辅助设备也无法取代学生和教师朗读诗，最好能够背诵。
我想到事 实上如果时间有限，朗读诗的重要性远大于分析诗。我认为作为英语教师，我们
的目标之一是使学生热爱 诗歌。诗是生活的批判、生活的升华，与他人的共享。诗是
通往真实情感的道路，能够拯救生命。在语言 和文学教学中，诗也理应占据比现在更重
要的位置。
我并不是说每位英语教师必须教授诗歌。 己所不欲，勿施于人。但是教授诗歌者必须牢记一
些关于诗歌本质、声音和感觉的知识，也必须在课堂留 出聆听和思考的时间。
答案解析：
11、D 第一段第一句强调朗读诗应置于讨论和分析之 前，第二段第一句进一步说讨论诗都
是为朗读做准备，并且朗读诗最终是对诗歌最生动有效的诠释。第三 段第一句也强调朗读诗
的重要性远大于分析诗。因此，朗读、讨论、分析三者比较，练习朗读诗是能够更 好的理
解诗的最好方式。
12、A 第二段最后一句讲即使教学辅助设备也无法取代学生和教 师朗读诗，最好能够背诵。
由此可以推断出背诵是理解诗的最好方式。
13、B 第三段讲我认为作为英语教师，我们的目标之一是使学生热爱诗歌。所以答案是热爱
诗。
14、A 第三段最后一句在语言和文学教学中，诗也理应占据比现在更重要的位置。所以应强
调诗歌教学。应选A 注： 是强调的意思 （To place emphasis on; emphasize）
15、C room for本意是为……腾出空位。此处应理解为在课上安排时间聆听和思
考诗歌，即 之意。
Many of us believe that a person‘s mind becomes less active as he grows older. But
this is not true， according to Dr Jarvik， professor of psychiatry at the University
of California. She has studied the mental functioning of aging persons for several
years. For example， one of her studies concerns 136 pairs of identical twins， who
were first examined when they were already 60 years old. As Dr Jarvik continued the
study of the twins into their 70s and 80s， their minds did not generally decline
as was expected.
However， there was some decline in their psycho-motor speed. This means that it
took them longer to accomplish mental tasks than it used to. But when speed was not
a factor， they lost very little intellectual ability over the years. In general，
Dr Jarvik‘s studies have shown that there is no decline in knowledge or reasoning
ability. This is true not only with those in their 30s and 40s， but with those in
their 60s and 70s as well.
It is true that older people themselves often complain that their memory is not as
good as it once was. However， much of what we call “loss of memory” is not that
at all. There usually was incomplete learning in the first place. For example， the
older person perhaps had trouble hearing， or poor vision， or inattention， or was
trying to learn the new thing at too fast a pace. In the cases where the older person
‘s mind really seems to decay， it is not necessarily a sign of decay due to old
age. Often it is simply a sign of a depressed emotional state.
passage is mainly about ____.
A） how Dr Jarvik studied mental functioning of the twins.
B） what caused mental decay.
C） the results evidenced by Dr Jarvik‘s studies.
D） the difference between middle – aged and older persons
答案： C
解析： 大意题。本文主要向读者传达了人的记忆和分析能力不是随着年龄的增大而消退，
主要是通过。Dr Jarvik的研究成果来显示的。其它选项不是文章的主旨意思。
17. The word “psychiatry” in paragraph 1 most probably means ____.
A） the study of human behavior.
B） the study of disease of the mind.