造作考研英语必备特殊句式

2021年1月16日发(作者：贺维彦)
一、“正话反说”常用句式
1．not．．．without
1）They never meet without quarrelling．
他们每次见面必吵架。
2）There is no general rule without some exception．
所有的普遍规律都有例外。
3）One cannot think of Africa without thinking of Egypt，the cradle of ancient civilization，nor
of
Egypt without the Nile．
每当人们想起非洲，就必然会想到作为古代文明发祥地的埃及，而一想到埃及，就 会想到
尼罗河。
另外，人们在出版一本书时，总要在前言里对给予帮助的有关人员表示感谢， 在这种情况
下，汉语一般是
正面提，而英语从反面说，常用此结构。
4）This book could not have been written or published without the help of dozens of people，
and I
am deeply grateful to all of them．
本书得以编写和出版，还由于很多人的大力协助，我对他们深表谢意。

2．cannot．．．too
英语中的“cannot．．．too”是一种常见的用否定形式表达肯定意义的结构，它相当于“it is
impossible too
overdo．．．”（无论怎样也不为过）。
1）I cannot be too grateful for his help．
对于他给予的帮助，我非常感激。（我无论怎样感激也不为过）
2）The value of the information he has provided cannot be overestimated．
他提供的信息非常宝贵。（其价值无论怎样估计也不为过）
3）A book may be compared to your neighbor：if it be good，it cannot last too long；if bad，
you
cannot get rid of it too early．
一本书好比你的邻居：如果是本好书，保持的时间越长越好；如果是本坏书，处理得越早
越好。

3．直接式的双重否定
这种句式通常由no，not，never等否定词与not，but，for nothing等连用。
1）There is no one that does not want to help you．
每个人都愿意帮助你。
2）There is no surgical patient I cannot treat competently，treat just as well or better than any
other surgeon．
任何外科病人我都能治，我的治疗与其他外科医生一样高明，甚至高出一筹。
3）We would，however，not be getting something for nothing．
然而，我们要有所作为，就得付出代价。

4．can't help but，can't help doing sth．
这两种句式较常见，但它们表示的双重
否定并不是很直接，因而易引起理解上的失误。
1）When the streets are full of melting- snow，you can't help but get your shoes wet．
当街上满是融雪时，你的鞋子肯定要被弄湿。
2）When I heard the sad story，I could not help shedding tears．
听到那个伤心的故事，我不禁掉泪了。

5．Nothing is more．．．than．．．
1）Nothing is more valuable than health．
世界万物健康最宝贵。
在这个句式中，nothing可由其他否定词来替 代，如no，not，nobody，nowhere等。
2）No one is more foolish than he is．
他是最愚笨的一个人。
3）No other animal is larger than a whale．
鲸是最大的动物。
4）Nowhere is more beautiful than his hometown．
他的家乡是最美的地方。

6．not．．．until
“not．． ．until”是一个非常典型的英语表达方式，中国学生理解起来很容易，但在实际运
用中却很难想到
，主要原因还是不太习惯以否定的形式来表达肯定的意义。
1）The value of health is not esteemed until it is lost．
人们只有在失去健康时，才知道它的可贵。
2）Nobody knows what he can do until he has tried．
任何人都要试一试，才知道他能做什么。
3）They did not meet again until the be- ginning of 1951．
他们直到1951年初才再度会面。

7．not to mention，not to speak of
1）Dave is handsome and smart，not to mention being a good athlete．
戴夫英俊、聪明，还是个出色的运动员。
2）He has a big house and an expensive car，not to speak of a villa in France．
他有一所大房子和一辆昂贵的汽车，此外在法国还有一所别墅。
8．There is nothing like．．．
1）There is nothing like jogging as a means of exercise．
锻炼身体的最好方法是慢跑。
2）In my life，there is nothing like my father's influence for changing my beliefs．
在我的生命中，父亲对我信仰的改变影响最大。

二、“比较对比”常用句式
1. not so much as ……
He cannot so much as write his own name. （=He cannot even write his own name.）
他甚至连自己的名字都不会写。
He did not so much as thank me. 他甚至都没谢我。
He is so stupid that he can't so much as eat. 他蠢得甚至连吃饭都不会。

2. the more ……， the more ……
The more you soften a request， the more polite it becomes.
你愈使请求柔婉，请求就愈变为客气。
The longer you stay here， the more you will like the place.
你在这里待得愈久，你愈会喜欢这个地方。
The more careful you are， the fewer mistakes you will make.
你愈小心，你犯错就会愈少。
The more I learn， the less I feel I know.
学而后知不足。
The closer you stay to nature， the more you will appreciate her beauty.
你愈接近大自然，就愈能了解它的美。
以下是一些常用到的the more..., the more...结构的谚语
The more haste， the less speed. 欲速则不达。
More profit and less honor. 舍名逐利。
The sooner the better. 事不宜迟。
The more you have， the more you want. 拥有愈多，欲望愈高。
The more you beat iron the harder it grows. 铁不炼不成钢，玉不琢不成器。
more and more ……

3. …… more …… than ……
You may also find that reading has become more fun than work！
你或许也会发现阅读已经变成是有趣的事，而不是工作。
It is more a made- up story than a real occurrence.那是杜撰的故事，而不是真实发生的事
情。
I was more disappointed than discouraged. 我是失望，而不是泄气。
He is more a sprinter than a swimmer. 他是短跑健将，而不是游泳选手。
I am more frightened than hurt. 我吓坏了而没有受伤。
Sue is more beautiful than Jane. 苏比珍较美。
The computer is more expensive than the typewriter. 这部计算机比这部打字机更贵。
People in the country are happier than people in the city.乡下的人们比城市的人们更快乐。

4. N1 more …… than N2
People have to live on something more nourishing than hope.
人们必须依赖比希望更滋养的东西来过活。
I have never seen a girl more beautiful than Mary. 我从未见过比玛丽更为美丽的女孩子。
I want some persons more experienced than Tom. 我要一些比汤姆更有经验的人。

5. more N than + ADJ/V-ed
Some people give higher priced gifts than necessary for the situation.