恋人未满的歌词英美文学期末整理

2021年1月16日发(作者：师试)
Shakespeare

Hamlet
哈姆雷特

Conscience
and
over-
considerations.
He
wants
to
revenge,
but
doesn’t
know
how.
He
wants
to kill
his
uncle,
but finds
it
too
risky. He
lives
in
despair and wants
to
commit
suicide. However, he knows if he dies, nobody will comfort hi
s father’s ghost. He is in
face of great dilemma.
They don’t know the result after their taking the action. Such as
Hamlet, he doesn’t know what would happen if he kills his uncle or kills himself . So
Hamlet was hesitated.
Daniel Defoe
Robinson Crusoe
鲁宾逊漂流记

2.
What do you think of Crusoe’s way of marking time? Why is it important for him
to keep track of time?
A good way. He doesn’t want to forget time. For a civilized man, time is precious.

3. From this excerpt, what do you find admirable in Robinson Crusoe?
Strong-minded, careful, capable, persevering, optimistic, ambitious, self- reliant, clever,
practical, adventurous, patient, rational, sympathetic, hardworking, imaginative,
energetic, courageous, amiable (kind-hearted).
First of all, he is adventurous. Unlike common people, Robinson is eager to take
adventures. So he is brave under most circumstances and curious about new things. Even
when he was left in a deserted island, he was not afraid of what he was confronted with.
What’s more, during the time he
lived in the island, Robinson was faced with lots of
difficulties. However, he has overcome all of them with strong will and firm
determination. And he tries his best to survive and takes an optimistic attitude towards
life. Instead of despair, Robinson is full of passion in such a harsh situation. He never
gets frustrated by failures and always perseveres in making efforts to create a new life.
Besides, Robinson pays much attention to details. For example, when he wants to find a
place for his settlement, he has taken many aspects into consideration, such as security,
convenience, and sunshine. Also, he makes a list of specific figures on which he can base
his construction. In this sense, Robinson is careful and considerate. To sum up, Robinson
is not only brave and adventurous but also wise and thoughtful. When he has difficulties,
he spares no efforts to overcome them and try his best solve the factual problems. What
impressed me most is his optimism and perseverance. All the good qualities in Robinson
Crusoe are admirable and he shows us a positive attitude towards life.
Robert Burns
A Red, Red Rose
诗的开头用了一个鲜活的比喻——红红的玫瑰．一下子就将 恋人的美丽写得活灵活现，
同时也写出了诗人心中的感情。
在诗人的心中，
恋人不仅有 醉人的外表．
而且有着柔美灵动
的心灵，像一段乐曲，婉转动人地倾诉着美丽的心灵。

诗人对恋人的爱是那样的真切、深情和热烈。那是种怎样的爱呀
!
——要一直爱到海桔
石烂。这样的爱情专注使人想到中国的古老民歌：”上邪
l
我欲与君相知．长命无绝衰 。山
无陵．
江水为竭．
冬雷阵阵．
夏雨雪，
天地合．
乃敢与 君绝。
”诗人的哀婉和柔情又可用
《诗
经》里的一句来说明：“执子之手，与子偕老。 ”何等的坚决和悠长
!
爱的火焰在诗人的心中强烈地燃烧着，
诗人渴望有着美好的结 果。
但是，
此时的诗人已
经是囊中羞涩．
诗人知道这时的自己并不能给恋人带 来幸福，
他已经预感到自己要离去。
但
诤人坚信：这样的离别只是暂别，自己一定会回 来的。

这首诗是诗人的代表作．
它开了英国浪漫主义诗歌的先河．
对济慈、
拜伦等人有很大的
影响。
诗人用流畅悦耳的音调、
质朴无华的词语和热烈真挚 的情感打动了千百万恋人的心．
也
使得这首诗在问世之后成为人们传唱不衰的经典。
诗 歌吸收了民歌的特点，
采用口语使诗歌
朗朗上口，
极大地显示了民歌的特色和魅力。< br>读来让人感到诗中似乎有一种原始的冲动，
一
种原始的生命之流在流淌。另外，诗中使用 了重复的句子，大大增强了诗歌的感情力度。在
这首仅仅有
16
句的诗中。涉及“爱” 的词语竟有十几处之多，然而并不使人感到重复和累
赘。反而更加强化了诗人对恋人爱情的强烈和情感的 浓郁程度。


1. How does the narrator in the poem express his love?
To use many figures of speeches: simile
明喻
, metaphor, repetition
2. Why is this poem so touching to the readers?
1) Original flavor
风味

in fiery
热烈的
and direct expression: directly passionate
2) Artistic recreation
消遣娱乐
; imagery
意象
presentation: newly sprung rose/ sweetly
played melody
旋律



3) In repetition to stir an echoing
呼应，回响

effect

Auld Lang Syne
友谊地久天长

怎能忘记旧日朋友心中能不怀想

旧日朋友岂能相忘友谊地久天长

友谊万岁

朋友

友谊万岁

举
杯痛饮

同声歌颂友谊地久天长

我们曾经终日游荡在故乡的青山上

我们也曾历尽苦辛

到处奔
波流浪

友谊万岁

朋友

友谊万岁

举杯痛饮

同声歌颂友谊地久天长

我们也曾终日逍遥荡桨在
碧波上

但如今却劳燕分飞

远隔大海重洋

友谊万岁

朋友

友谊万岁

举杯痛饮

同声歌颂友谊地
久天长

我们往日情意相投

让我们紧握手

让我们来举杯畅饮

友谊地久天长友谊万岁

万岁朋友

友谊万岁

1.
What does “cup o' kindness” imply?

Auld
Lang
Syne

(old
long
since)by
Robert
Burns
is
a
narrative
poem
praising
for
friendship. From the title and the first section we can easily get it, especially from
the
words ―acquaintance‖
相识
, ―forgot‖, ―brought to min'‖. After reading the whole poem,
we will know ―cup o' kindness‖ here should imply the friendship between Robert Burns
and his friend that he is now together with.

―Cup
o'
kindness‖
is
showed
in
the
second
and
the
last
section,
which
are
both
their
reunion
重聚

occasion. The people in the poem used to be friends and are old now; they
are
gathering
to
honor
their
friendship
and
memorize
their
happy
childhood
and
adolescence.
Afte
r the first ―cup o' kindness‖, the author starts to recall their joyful life: they has run in
the
brae
斜坡
,
picked
up
the
fine
gowans
春白菊
,
wandered
a
long
and
weary
疲
倦
journey, paddled
划桨
in the stream all the day. But all the nice memory has been the
history ―Sin' auld lang syne.‖ And they are best affection and friendship for them two.

Then again comes to the present gathering, there is one more ―cup o' kindness‖ to imply
that
how
much
the author
really
worships
the
friendship
and
wish
for
it
forever.
―And
we'll take
a cup o' kindness yet, For auld lang syne.‖

William Wordsworth
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
我独游于天际，如一朵流云


在诗的开头
,
诗人将自己比喻为一朵孤独的流云
,
孤单地在高高的天空飘荡。孤傲的
诗人发现一大片 金色的水仙
,
它们欢快地遍地开放。在诗人的心中
,
水仙已经不是一
种植物了
,
而是一种象征
,
代表了一种灵魂和一种精神。一簇簇水仙花在微风 中起舞
,
微微颔首
,
仿若群星璀璨
,
亮闪闪遍洒银河。粼粼 湖波也在近旁欢跳
,
却不如水仙花舞
得如此轻俏
,
此等美景
,
如果不去田园山野
,
又怎能看得见、闻得到呢
?
在诗人的心中,
水仙代表了自然的精华
,
是自然心灵的美妙表现。

在诗的 末尾
,
诗人
“多少次郁郁独卧
,
寂寞难耐
,
感到百 无聊赖心灵空漠”
的时候
,
水仙
花可爱的景象便在他脑海中闪现
,< br>诗人为有这样的旅伴而欢欣鼓舞、
欢呼跳跃。
这时
诗人写出了一种对社会的感受
:
在城市文明所带来的丑恶的现实社会中
,
那高傲、纯
洁的灵魂只能 是郁郁寡欢。
这正好和以水仙花为代表的大自然的欢快、
美好和淡泊
形成了鲜明的对比 。在诗人看来
,
只有在大自然中才能寻找理想
,
寻找安慰
,
寻找人性
最后归宿的情怀
;
只有大自然能够启迪人性中博爱和善良的感情
,< br>能够抚慰人的心理
创伤
,
使人得到真正的幸福。这首诗虽然是在咏水仙
,
但同时也是诗人自己心灵的抒
发和感情的自然流露

1. What is the relation between the poet and nature as described in the poem?
Theme of Man and the Natural World:
Wordsworth is the granddaddy of
all nature p
oets, and he’s in top form in
entry about the day in question, Wordsworth's sister Dorothy wrote about their surprise at
finding so many daffodils in such a strange place, next to a lake and under some trees.

Wordsworth’s
nature
is
full
of
life
and
vitality
活力
.
He
appreciates
its
wildness
and
unpredictability, but he humanizes
赋予人性

the landscape and fits it to his own mind.
Theme of Happiness


that
even
when
you
are
by
yourself
and
lonely
and
missing
your
friends,
you
can
use
your imagination to fine new friends in the world around you. His happiness does not last
forever
–

he’s
not
that
unrealistic
–

but
the
daffodils
give
him
a
little
boost
of
joy
whenever he needs it, like recharging his batteries.
Theme of Spirituality
This
poem
illustrates
the
principle
of
natural
supernaturalism.
The
daffodils
are
like
angels
and
twinkling
stars,
and
the

极
乐
of
heaven
occurs
in
sp
eaker’s
imagination. He uses Christian ideas and images to make an ode to nature without any
reference to God.
Theme of Memory and the Past
In both poems, the memory of beautiful things serves as a comfort to the speaker even
after the experience of viewing them has ended. He can always draw on his imagination
to reproduce the joy of the event and to remember the spiritual wisdom that it provided.
In the case of
the speaker’s persp
ective is located until the fourth stanza, when he describes just how
often the daffodils have comforted him.

2. Do you think nature can have healing effect on mind?

I
think
nature
can
have
healing
effect
on
mind,
but
the
precondition
前提
is
that
the
nature
should be peaceful and earthly. Let’s imagine a scene. At the very beginning, we
felt
a
little
sad.
Then,
we
place
ourselves
at
a
peaceful
and
clean
lake.
We
sit
on
the
comfortable
and
green
grass.
There
are
several
wild
flowers
on
the
grass.
Some
little
birds are walking near us with chirp. We can breathe the smell of the earth. When we are
watching it glistening
闪亮的

in the sunshine, there may be a smile on our face again.
Nobody will be not touched in this condition unless there is something wrong with his
mind. It is just like a picture. Or it is just like a clean bracing and ethereal melody. We
can close our eyes to listen to it without any distracting thoughts. It always can comfort
our hearts, and we will not feel that desperate. Every time I feel not happy I will listen to
a piece of piano music. That makes
me good, all my fidgeting will go away from
me.
Sometimes
I
will
reflect
where
the
problem
is.
Peaceful
music
is
just
like
the
nature.
Both they can give me a kind of feeling like mother. Do not be scared at all. Sometimes I
suppose if the criminal can live in the nature and experience it, they will not do that evil.
In another hand, those artists maybe can not create the works. As the author said, a host
of golden daffodils beside the lake, beneath the trees, fluttering and dancing in the breeze.
The memory made him excited and brought his lonely heart happiness. If a writer does
not
watch
any
beautiful
scenery,
I
believe
he
or
she
can’t
be
a
good
writer.
Peaceful
nature
is
a
place
people
can
release
themselves
and
remove
the
unhappiness.
In
this
circumstance, the writer digs their inspiration.

Yes, I think so. Some people may think that our nature has been highly polluted
by our human beings. And it won’t have any effects on us. The others may think
the nature has bad influence on our bodies because of the contamination
污染
.
But I think nature must have a lot of healing effect on mind. As the development of
the society, people may meet more and more difficulties, and it may lead to more
stress. For example, when a person has worked for a long time, it is hard for him
to do more. He would like to spend sometime travelling to somewhere. The place
is
best
to
be
beautiful,
clean,
comfortable,
with
clear
sky
and
green
grass.

People can breathe the fresh air there. When he lies on the grass and watches
the sky, he may forget all the stress on work. The only thing he can do is to enjoy
the charming scenery and great nature.

Nature also can affect people when they are ill especially serious disease. The
patient may feel their life meaningless. At that time, their families will take them to
a
remote
place.
They
may
also
let
the
patient
have
a
pet.
During
the
feeding
period, the patient may feel that a life is so difficult to bring up. He will heal the
spirit to l
ive. Different people have different ideas. I can’t say that nature doesn’t
have mischief, but in my opinion, its good effects are more.

George Gordon Byron
She Walks in Beauty
她在美中行

这是一首歌颂女性美的抒情诗，诗中的女性是诗人的表妹威尔莫特夫人（
Mrs.
W ilmot
）
。诗人在这一次的舞会上遇到这位穿着孝服的表妹时为其的美貌所倾倒，
遂成此诗。诗人在诗中极尽赞美之能事，仰慕之情跃然笔端，尤其是诗中的一句
“
One shade the more, one ray the less/Had half impair'd the nameless
garace
”，颇有“增一分则太长，减一分则太短，着粉则太 白，施朱则太赤”的神
韵。
在诗篇的末尾，
诗人笔锋一转，
由渲染外表的美丽 转向颂扬心灵美，
由表及里，
深化了主题。

1. What is the colour of the lady’s dress?
How do you know?
Black. The poet compared the lady to the night(...like the night Of cloudless climes
and starry skies).
2.
What does “their dwelling place”
refer to in the last line of the second stanza?
Their dwelling place refers to the lady's mind or soul. This lady had not only physical
beauty but also inner beauty.
3.
Where are the lady’s winning smiles?
How do they appear to the poet?
They are in the poet's imagination. They appear serene, sweet, pure, and perfect.
Percy Bysshe Shelley
Ode to the West Wind

P78
诗共分
5
节，每节的韵脚安排是：
aba
，
bcb
，
cdc
，
ded
，
ee,
前
3
节写“西风”。那狂烈
的西 风，它的威力可以将一切腐朽的生命扯碎，天空在它的呼啸中战栗着。
看吧！
那狂暴犹
如
狂女
的头发，
在天地间摇曳，
布满整个宇宙；那黑夜中浓浓的无边际的神秘 ，是西风力量
的凝结；那黑色的雨、冰雹和火焰是它的帮手。这力量足以打破一切。

在秋天，
西风狂暴地将陈腐的生命吹去，
以
横扫千军
之势除去没有生机的枯叶 ，
吹去那
痨病似的生命。
然而，它没有残杀一粒生命。
它要将种子放进冬天深 深的心中，在那里生根
发芽，埋下春的信息。然后，西风吹响春的号角，让碧绿、香气布满大地，让它们 随着西风
运行的足迹四处传播。经过西风的破坏和培育，生命在旺盛地生长；那景象、那迷人的芳香在迅速地蔓延着，那污浊的、残破的东西已奄奄一息，在海底战栗着。

诗人用优美而蓬勃 的想象写出了西风的形象。
那气势恢宏的诗句，
强烈撼人的激情把西
风的狂烈、急于扫 除旧世界创造新世界的形象展现在人们面前。诗中比喻奇特，形象鲜明，
枯叶的腐朽、
狂女的头发、黑色的雨、夜的世界无不深深地震撼着人们的心灵。

诗歌的后两段写诗人与西风 的应和。
“我跌在生活的荆棘上，
我流血了！
”这令人心碎
的诗句道出了诗人 不羁心灵的创伤。
尽管如此，
诗人愿意被西风吹拂，
愿意自己即将逝去的
生命 在被撕碎的瞬间感受到西风的精神，
西风的气息；
诗人愿奉献自己的一切，
为即将到来
的春天奉献。在诗的结尾，诗人以预言家的口吻高喊：

“要是冬天已经来了，西风呵，春日怎能遥远？”

这里，
西风已经成了一种 象征，
它是一种
无处不在
的宇宙精神，一种打破旧世界，
追求
新世界 的西风精神。诗人以西风自喻，表达了自己对生活的信念和向
旧世界
宣战的决心。


1. In what way is the West Wind both a destroyer and a preserver?
West wind is the destroyer as it is turbulent
骚乱的

and strong and destroys the wide
spread vegetation
植物
. It is a destroyer of the old, decaying
衰减
and valueless things
(such as dead leaves), blowing over the land, drives away the dead leaves. Shelly shows
the irony
讽刺
of the wind that acts in a contradictory is the preserver as it
brings life to the dead atmosphere, it spreads the seeds and they lie two inches beneath
the ground and eventually sprout
萌芽

into seedlings.

2. What is the relation between the West Wind and the poet?
In
be. The natural world is especially powerful because it contains elements like the West
Wind and the Spring Wind, which can travel invisibly
看不见地

across the globe,
affecting every cloud, leaf, and wave as they go. Man may be able to increase his status
by allowing Nature to channel itself through him. The speaker of the poem appeals to the
West Wind to infuse
（
灌输，影响）

him with a new spirit and a new power to spread his
ideas.
3. As
“
the trumpet
喇叭

of prophecy
预言
”
, what does the west wind predict in
physical reality? How do you understand it symbolically?
As the speaker of
the
wind
to
use
him
as
an
instrument,
inhabit
him,
distribute
his
ideas,
or
prophesy
through
his
mouth.
He
hopes
to
transform
himself
by
uniting
his
own
spirit
with
the
larger

The speaker wishes that the wind could affect him the way it does leaves and clouds
and waves. Because it can’t, he asks the wind to play him like an instrument, bringing out
his sadness in its own musical lament
挽歌
. Maybe the wind can even help him to send
his
ideas
all
over
the
world;
even
if
th
ey’re
not
powerful
in
their
own
right,
his
ideas
might
inspire
others.
The
sad
music
that
the
wind
will
play
on
him
will
become
a
prophecy. The West Wind of autumn brings on a cold, barren
贫瘠的

period of winter,
but isn’t winter always followed by a spring?


John Keats
Ode on a Grecian Urn
希腊古翁颂

诗人曾看到过数种 不同的希腊古瓮。
他凝视着古瓮上那些栩栩如生的画面曾长长地
陷入沉思，
在冥冥的想 象中，
他看到古希腊的古老传说——敦陂和阿卡狄谷地人神
共处的那种奇瑰的生活，即古希腊人 田园诗般的生活。这是一个何等纯洁，何等美
丽，何等自由，何等欢乐的世界啊！那里树木长青，鲜花盛 开，人们欢乐地歌唱，
跳舞，姣美的少男少女无拘无束地恋爱，到处充满狂热、幸福的气氛！诗人被深深
地激动了，他情不自禁地为这种生活唱起赞歌。诗人济慈从古希腊艺术获取灵感，
经过想象力的 再创造，
在读者眼前展现出一幅意象鲜明、
色彩斑斓的风景画；
同时，
诗人又 以激情奔放的诗句歌颂这瓮上的画。真正做到了诗中有画，画中有诗，不愧
为传世佳作。

3.
Comment on the epigram “beauty is truth,

truth beauty”.

The poet point out the relation between art and reality: Beauty is truth, truth
conclusion of this stanza is praising the greatness and eternity of art. That is to say people
consider truth is beautiful because it is true. Just owing to the affective bias, in people’s
mind
true
things
are
really
beautiful,
while
false
things
are
just
seemingly
beautiful.
Therefore, only truth is real beauty.

Charlotte Bronte
Jane Eyre

P88
1. What is Jane Eyre
’
s view of love as reflected in the excerpt?
When
we
connect
death
with
life,
we’ll
find
our
life
requiring
more
cherishment
---love
your life and love the people (be kind to others). Jane listened to the call of her inner world.
Once
caught
it,
she
pursued
it--
she
fell
in
love
with
her
master
bravely.
She
cherished
everything around her: the people, the plant, the animal and the whole nature. Besides Mr.
Rochester, she was kind to her friends, her cousins, her students and the servants, even to the
dog
and
the
moorland.
To
her
hostile
enemy,
Jane
gave
the
same
mercy:
Mrs.
Reed,
her
daughters and son, the evil mad woman of Mr. Rochester.

Jane was totally a speaker of the author Charlotte: what can we do before the hardness of
life,
including
death?
Charlotte
learned
to
have
(and
maybe
decided
to
love).
The
love
consisted
of
two
passions:
the
deep
feeling
to
the
human
and
the
thankful
cherishment
of
being. With constant sufferings in life, which were believed to be unbearable for most of us,
Charlotte
struggled
to
live
her
noble
life,
taking
her
responsibility
in
family
and
society,
starving friendship and pursuing her career.

2. Why does Jane Eyre decide to stay with Mr. Rochester?
Jane Eyre decides to stay with Mr. Rochester because she deeply loves him. In fact,
during the time when Jane Eyre lives in Thorn field a year ago, she falls in love with Mr.
Rochester. She is attracted by Mr. Rochester’s charms. Later she leaves hi
m because she
loves him; she could not be Rochester’s mistress. She wants a sense of complete love.
However
when
Jane
hears
that
her
lover
Rochester
becomes
disabled,
she
desperately
comes back to accompany Mr. Rochester. She decides to stay with Mr. Rochester because
she always loves Rochester, the love never changes. Just as in this excerpt Jane says ―But
if you wish me to love you, could you but see how much I do love you, you would be
proud and content. All my heart is yours, sir: it belongs to you; and with you it would
remain, were fate to exile the rest of me from your presence for ever‖.

For one thing, now Jane wants to accompany Rochester because she wants to soothe