爱情无敌浙江省七彩阳光联盟高中英语阅读理解测试题

2021年1月17日发(作者：阴的反义词)


一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解

Shark attacks not only disturb beach activities, but can affect associated tourist industries.
Shark nets are a common solution to preventing shark attacks on beaches, but they cause
dangers to sea ecosystems.

Seeking a cost-effective way to monitor beach safety over large areas, we have developed a
system called Shark Spotter. It combines artificial intelligence (AI), computing power, and drone
(无人机) technology to identify and warn lifesavers to sharks near swimmers. The project is a
cooperation between the University of Technology Sydney and The Ripper Group, which is
pioneering the use of drones—called —in the search and rescue
movement in Australia.

SharkSpotter can detect sharks and other potential threats using real-time aerial imagery. The
system analyses video from a camera attached to a drone to monitor beaches for sharks, send
warnings, and conduct rescues. Developed with techniques known as
Spotter system receives imagery from the drone camera and attempts to identify all objects in
the scene. Once certain objects are detected, they are put into one of 16 categories: shark, whale,
dolphin, rays, different types of boats, surfers, and swimmers.

If a shark is detected, Shark Spotter provides both a visual sign on the computer screen and an
audible warning to the operator. The operator confirms the warning and sends text messages
from the Shark Spotter system to the Surf Life Savers for further action. In an emergency, the
drone is equipped with a lifesaving flotation pod (漂浮仓) together with an electronic shark
repellent (驱逐装置) that can be dropped into the water in cases where swimmers are in severe
trouble, trapped in a rip, or if there are sharks close by.

In January 2018, the Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers was used to rescue two young swimmers
caught in a rip at Lennox Head, NSW. The drone flew down the beach some 800 meters from the
lifeguard station, and a lifesaving flotation pod was dropped from the drone. The complete rescue
operation took 70 seconds.

We believe Shark Spotter is a win-win for both marine life and beachgoers. This unique
technology combines dynamic video image processing AI and advanced drone technology to
creatively deal with the global challenge of ensuring safe beaches, protecting environments, and
promoting tourism.

（1）A Shark Spotter is ________.

A. a solution to monitor sharks B. an equipment to identify lifesavers

C. a technology to prevent shark attacks D. a project to pioneer the use of drones

（2）When a shark is spotted near a swimmer, the system will ________.

A. take timely action B. analyze the visual data

C. classify the identified objects D. turn on

（3）The example in the 5th paragraph shows us that the system is ________.

A. efficient in saving lives B. effective in detecting sharks

C. smart in driving sharks away D. practical over the whole sea area

（4）What is the author's attitude towards the future of SharkSpotter?

ul.

stic.

ve.

ive.

【答案】 （1）C

（2）A

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种旨在防止鲨鱼袭击的技术Shark Spotter
的工作原理以及重要意义。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”If a shark is detected, Shark Spotter provides both a
visual sign on the computer screen and an audible warning to the operator. The operator
confirms the warning and sends text messages from the Shark Spotter system to the Surf Life
Savers for further action.“如果鲨鱼被发现，Shark Spotter会在电脑屏幕上显示视觉讯号，并
向操 作员发出听觉警告。操作员确认了警告，并从鲨鱼观测者系统向冲浪救生员发送短
信，以便采取进一步行 动。可推断出Shark Spotter是一种防止鲨鱼袭击的技术，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”In an emergency, the drone is equipped with a
lifesaving flotation pod (漂浮仓) together with an electronic shark repellent (驱逐装置) that can
be dropped into the water in cases where swimmers are in severe trouble, trapped in a rip, or if
there are sharks close by.“在紧急情况下，无 人机配备了一个救生浮选舱和一个电子防鲨器，
当游泳者遇到严重麻烦、被困在裂口或附近有鲨鱼时，可 以将防鲨器放入水中。可知当在
游泳者附近发现鲨鱼时，系统会及时采取行动，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段”In January 2018, the Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers was
used to rescue two young swimmers caught in a rip at Lennox Head, NSW. The drone flew down
the beach some 800 meters from the lifeguard station, and a lifesaving flotation pod was dropped
from the drone. The complete rescue operation took 70 seconds.“2018年1月，西太平洋小开
创者救生员队(Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers)被用来营救两名在新南威尔士州伦诺克斯海德
(Lennox Head)被困的年轻游泳者。这架无人机从距离救生站800米的海滩上飞下来，一个
救生浮筒从无人 机上掉了下来。整个营救行动耗时70秒。可推知第五段的例子告诉我们这
个系统在拯救生命方面是有效 的，故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”We believe Shark Spotter is a win-win for both
marine life and beachgoers.“我们相信Shark Spotter对海洋生物和海滩游客来说都是双赢
的。可知作者对Shark Spotter的未来持乐观的态度。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查 ，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进
行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


2．阅读理解

During your four years in the college, you'll have many exciting choices to make, the first of
which will be your course selection for your first semester. The beauty of this choice is that you
can't go wrong! No matter which one of our First-Year Options you select to apply for, you will
create a rich intellectual experience to begin your college career.

Option 1: Liberal Arts Seminar

The Liberal Arts Seminar is a multidisciplinary(多学科的)course that explores the cultural
history of the Mediterranean through fictional and nonfictional books.

Fall schedule: When Registration opens, you will select between one and four additional courses
to complete your schedule.

Option 2: FLL Hager Scholars Program

The FLL Hager Scholars Program is designed with our most ambitious students of languages and
linguistics in mind, and is designed to create for them both a sense of community and
opportunities for intellectual growth.

Fall schedule: When Registration opens, you will select between one and three additional
courses to complete your schedule.

Option 3: Ignatius Seminars

Offered only in the first semester, Ignatius Seminars introduce students to the depth and
diversity of Georgetown's dynamic intellectual community.

Fall schedule: When Registration opens, you will select three or four additional courses to
complete your schedule.

Option 4: Traditional First- Year Academic Program

With this program, you'll take your first step into the college's rich and varied core courses and
explore your fields of interest in free optional coursework.

Fall schedule: When Registration opens, you will build a schedule of four or five additional
courses from the full college curriculum.

（1）How do students learn the cultural history of the Mediterranean?

A. By completing the schedule. B. By writing fictional books.

C. By selecting l or 4 courses. D. By reading materials of this area.

（2）Which program is suitable for a student interested in languages?

A. Option 1. B. Option 2. C. Option 3. D. Option 4.

（3）What's a possible reason for choosing Option 4?

A. It is designed for language learners. B. It provides various courses for free.

C. It introduces you to areas of interest. D. It is only offered in the first semester.

【答案】 （1）D

（2）B

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是是一篇说明文，在大学的四年里，你会有很多令人兴奋的选择，
第一个是你第 一学期的课程选择。这个选择的美妙之处在于你不会出错！无论你选择申请
哪一个，你都将为你的大学生 涯创造一个丰富的智力体验。作者介绍了大学生对课程的四
种选择。

（1）考查细节理解。根据Option 1:Liberal Arts Seminar部分中的“The Liberal Arts Seminar is
a multidisciplinary（多学科的）course that explores the cultural history of the Mediterranean
through fictional and nonfictional books. ”人文学科研讨会是一门多学科课程 ，通过虚构和非
虚构的书籍探索地中海的文化历史，可知，学生通过虚构和非虚构的书籍探索地中海的文
化历史。由此可知，学生是通过阅读该地区的资料来学习地中海的文化历史的。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Option 2:FLL Hager Scholars Program部分中的“The FLL Hager
Scholars Program is designed with our most ambitious students of languages and linguistics in
mind, and is designed to create for them both a sense of community and opportunities for
intellectual growth.”FLL Hager Scholars Program的设计初衷是为我们最具雄心的语言 和语言
学学生服务，旨在为他们创造一种社区感和智力成长的机会，可知，Option 2的设计初衷
是为我们最具雄心的语言和语言学学生服务。可知，对语言感兴趣的学生可以选择Option
2:FLL Hager Scholars Program。故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据Option 4: Traditional First-Year Academic Program部分中的“With
this program, you'll take your first step into the college's rich and varied core courses and explore
your fields of interest in free optional coursework.”有了这个项目，你将迈出你 的第一步，进
入大学丰富多样的核心课程，在自由选修课程中探索你感兴趣的领域。可知，Option 4在
自由选修课程中探索你感兴趣的领域。可推知，Option 4能把你领进你感兴趣的领域，这
应该是学生选择Option 4的原因。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需
要准 确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


3．阅读理解

I'm a storyteller. And I would like to tell you a few personal stories.

I grew up reading British and American children's books. When I began to write, I wrote exactly
the kinds of stories I was reading: All my characters were white and blue-eyed, they ate apples
and talked a lot about the weather, despite the fact that I lived in Nigeria. We ate mangoes, and
we never talked about the weather. Because all I had read were books in which characters were
foreign, I had become convinced that books by their very nature had to have foreigners in them.
Things changed when I discovered African books. Because of writers like Chinua Achebe and
Camara Laye, I went through a mental shift in my idea of literature. I realized that people like me,
girls with skin the color of chocolate, could also exist in literature. I started to write about things I
recognized. So what the discovery of African writers did for me was this: It saved me from having
a single story of what books are. The year I turned eight, we got a new house boy Fide from a
nearby rural village. The only thing my mother told us about him was that his family was very
poor. And when I didn't finish my dinner, my mother would say，
know? People like Fide's family have nothing.
Saturday, we went to his village to visit, and his mother showed us a beautifully patterned basket
that his brother had made. I was astonished. It had not occurred to me that anybody in his family
could actually make something. Their poverty was my single story of them.

Years later, when I left Nigeria to go to university in the United States, my American roommate
asked where I had learned to speak English so well, and was confused when I said that Nigeria
happened to have English as its official language. What struck me was this: She had felt sorry for
me even before she saw me. My roommate had a single story of Africa: a single story of
catastrophe.

Of course, Africa is a continent full of catastrophes. But there are other stories that are not
about catastrophe, and it is very important, it is just as important, to talk about them. The
consequence of the single story is this: It robs people of dignity. It makes our recognition of our
equal humanity difficult. It emphasizes how we are different rather than how we are similar.

So what if my mother had told us that Fide's family was poor and hardworking? What if we had
an African television network that broadcast diverse African stories all over the world? What if my
roommate knew about my Nigerian publisher, Muhtar Bakare, a remarkable man who left his job
in a bank to follow his dream and start a publishing house? What if my roommate knew about my
friend Funmi Iyanda, a fearless woman who hosts a TV show, and is determined to tell the stories
that we prefer to forget?

My Nigerian publisher and I have just started a non-profit called Farafina Trust, and we have big
dreams of building libraries and providing books for state schools, and also of organizing lots of
workshops in reading and writing, for all the people who are eager to tell our many stories.

Stories matter. Many stories matter. Stories can break the dignity of a people, but stories can
also repair that broken dignity. When we realize that there is never a single story about any place,
we regain a kind of paradise.

（1）What is probably people's first impression of the writer when it comes to her nationality?

A. She mainly eats apples and mangoes.

B. She may not speak fluent English.

C. She comes from a place free of catastrophes.

D. She prefers stories based on foreign characters.

（2）The underlined phrase

A. discovery of African books with characters of her skin color

B. acquaintance with local African writers like Chinua Achebe

C. realization that not only foreign characters exist in literature

D. change that she started to write about things she recognized

（3）How many personal stories has the writer mentioned in the passage?

A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.

（4）The writer uses several single stories in the passage to illustrate that the single story____.

A. matters in keeping listeners well informed

B. tends to convey a prejudiced idea to listeners

C. gets increasingly popular among story tellers

D. fails to produce a lasting effect on listeners

（5）The writer lists many

A. emphasize our differences rather than similarities

B. indicate the way that stories are used to break dignity

C. show the hardship of recognizing our equal humanity

D. stress the importance of telling diverse, balanced stories

（6）Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A. The danger of the single story B. The importance of telling stories

C. The single stories that matter D. Stories that can repair broken dignity

【答案】 （1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）B

（5）D

（6）A

【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲了几个关于个人的故事，通过故事告诫我
们：如果我们只去聆听关于 一个人、一个国家的单一故事，将会导致非常严重的误解。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二 段可知，作者实际上来自尼日利亚，经常吃芒果，不讨论
天气，有着巧克力肤色。可知至少不是说英语的 欧洲人；再根据第四段，作者的美国舍友
对她能说一口流利英语表示疑惑可知，因此可以推断出人们对尼 日利亚的人第一印象可能
是认为他们不会说流利的英语。故选B。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的”I realized that people like me, girls with skin the color
of chocolate, could also exist in literature.“可知作者的思想转变是她意识到像她这样有着巧克力肤色的女生也是可以在文学作品中有一席之地的。即不仅仅外国人物才存在文学作品
中。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。第二段、第三段、第四段分别讲了作者自己意识到文学作品中人物< br>不限英美，作者发现Fide一家贫穷却努力，作者的室友对尼日利亚的刻板印象。即一共三
个她 的个人经历。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，不论是作者、作者妈妈、作者 的室友，不同的人们
有着不同的single story，实际上可以理解为“一面之词”“刻板印象 ”，但其实又不符合事实，
即会给听众传达有偏见的想法，故选B。

（5）考查推 理判断。作者的一系列假设，其实是更好的做法。兼听则明偏信则暗。我们
不应该听信一面之词，应该去 多角度的均衡的了解。故选D。

（6）考查主旨大意。全文讲述了作者、作者妈妈、作者的 室友的偏见，以及作者对此的
看法。认为一面之词实际上是很不好的。在并没有亲自去观察探索也没有去 多方面了解之
前，人们就接受了single story。但其实往往并不符合事实。因此最好的标题是一面之词的
危险。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇故 事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行
分析，推理，概括和 归纳，从而选出正确答案。


4．阅读理解

At one time or another in your life you have probably done origami, even if it was just making a
paper airplane or something more complicated like a paper crane. The chances are that as you
did it, you reflected on how inventive this traditional art is. Animals, boxes, flowers, boats: it all
can be created from a single square or rectangular sheet of paper simply by folding it. No cutting,
no pasting.

But did you ever stop to think how the same techniques might be applied to engineering?
Equipment that could be of real practical use? Origami meets the demand for things that need to
be small when transported and large when they arrive, like the everyday umbrella. In fact,
origami-inspired creations have already flown in space; in 1995, Japanese engineers launched a
satellite with solar panels that folded like a map.

'It's now mathematically proven that you can pretty much fold anything,
J. Lang, who quit his engineering job eight years ago to fold things full time. Lang, an origami
enthusiast since age six, advised a advised well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an
airbag into a dashboard. He is currently working on a space telescope lens that, if all goes
according to plan, should be able to unfold to the size of a football field.

At the other end of the scale, researchers are also working on tiny folding devices that could
lead to breakthroughs in medicine and computing. There's no doubt that computers of the future
may contain tiny, folded motors or capacitors for faster processing and better memory.

Applications for origami engineering go further than many of us might imagine.
says MIT's Erik Demaine, 可重构的) robots that can fold on their own
from one thing into another, like Transformers. Too much like science fiction to be true? Maybe—
though you certainly wouldn't want to bet against it.

（1）What do we know about origami?

A. It consumes lots of time. B. It involves interesting ideas.

C. It requires complex techniques. D. It has to do with cutting and pasting.

（2）Which of the following is an application of origami?

A. A space telescope lens can be folded to the size of an umbrella.

B. A satellite is equipped with solar panels and a folded map.

C. An airbag can be better folded into a dashboard of a car.

D. A future computer contains many huge folded motors.

（3）What is Erik Demaine's attitude towards origami engineering?

A. Hopeful B. Doubtful. C. Disapproving. D. Ambiguous.

（4）In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?

A. Entertainment. B. Culture. C. Education. D. Pop-science.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文， 折纸是一种具有创造性的传统艺术，而现在它已经
被应用到技术工程领域，人们利用折纸原理创造出了很 多可折叠的装置。折纸工程将在很
大程度上影响未来的医药、计算机和机器人行业。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The chances are that as you did it, you reflected on
how inventive this traditional art is. Animals, boxes, flowers, boats: it all can be created from a
single square or rectangular sheet of paper simply by folding it. No cutting, no pasting.”可知，折
纸是一个具有 创造性的传统艺术，我们不用裁剪或拼贴，只通过折叠就可以把一张正方形
或者三角形的纸变成动物、纸 盒、花、船等东西，由此推测折纸需要有创造性的和有趣的
想法。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a
well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard.”可知折纸爱好者
Lang向一位制造商建议了把安全气囊折叠到仪表盘中的最佳 方式。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Applications for origami engineering go further than
many of us might imagine”可知Erik Demaine认为折纸工程的应用远远超出了我们的想象，
由此可推测Erik Demaine对折纸工程的未来充满希望。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“in 1995, Japanese engineers launched a satellite with
solar panels that folded like a map.”；第三段中的“Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six,
advised a advised well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a
dashboard.”； 第四段中的“There's no doubt that computers of the future may contain tiny,
folded motors or capacitors for faster processing and better memory. ”和第五段中的“‘Some day,’
says MIT's Erik Demaine, ‘we'll build reconfigurable (可重构的) robots that can fold on their own
from one thing into another, like Tr ansformers.’”可知卫星，安全气囊的折叠，未来电脑的发展
和未来可重构机器人，这些都 和科学技术相关，故推测本文很有可能出现在报纸的科学板
块。故选D。

【点评】 本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，根 据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


5．阅读理解

I visited Elba last June, joining Mary and John on a bicycling vacation. They made the
arrangements for the car, hotel and bicycles. I studied the history of the island, which of course
particularly features Napoleon.

Napoleon (now I know) picked Elba as a place for peace when he was forced to give up the
throne (王权) as Emperor of France in 1814. Far from being a prison island, Elba is beautiful with
towering mountains, thick forests and sweeping bays and beaches.

It is also an island filled with treasure. Very early on this island, locals discovered rich deposits
of iron. Soon outsiders, too, discovered the iron and 150 other valuable minerals on this little
piece of land. Long before Etruscans and other Greeks set foot on it, Dorians had moved in by the
tenth century B. C. and were mining the island. The Romans ruled next, obtaining the minerals
and building grand houses overlooking the sea. From the twelfth century until the nineteenth,
the island was traded back and forth and was passed to France in 1802. Then came Napoleon, the
new ruler of Elba.

I was eager to visit his house in Portoferraio. The Emperor lived with his court and his mother,
but his wife, Marie Louise had ensconced herself in the splendid Viennese palace of her father,
Emperor of Austria. She lived safely there and showed little interest in visiting her husband in his
mini- kingdom. Apparently, Napoleon wasn't troubled much by this. He was too busy riding
everywhere on horseback, building roads, modernizing agriculture and, above all, sharpening his
tiny army and navy into readiness for his escape.

In the formal gardens behind the house it seemed to me that I could imagine the exiled (流放
的) conqueror's anxious thoughts. He might gaze over where I stood now, toward the lighthouse
of the Stella fort, the sandy bay, and across it, the green mountains of the Tuscan coast. Napoleon
spent only ten months here before making his victorious return to France and the throne.

（1）What did the author do for the visit to Elba?

A. He did research on its past. B. He arranged transportation.

C. He planned bicycling routes. D. He booked accommodation.

（2）Who might be the earliest outsiders to Elba according to the text?

A. Napoleon and his army. B. Etruscans and other Greeks. C. Dorians. D. Romans.

（3）What does the underlined word

d.

.

.

lled.

（4）What came to the author's mind during his visit to Napoleon's gardens?

ful views on Elba.

le living conditions on Elba.

on's ambition to regain power.

ip of Napoleon's return to France.

【答案】 （1）A

（2）C

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文， 作者讲述了对拿破仑曾经流放地Elba岛的参观之
旅，作者介绍了Elba岛的历史背景与拿破仑在岛 上的生活事迹。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I studied the history of the island, which of course
particularly features Napoleon.”可知作者为了Elba的此次拜 访对它过去的历史做了一些学习
和研究，故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Long before Etruscans and other Greeks set foot on it,
Dorians had moved in by the tenth century B. C. and were mining the island .”可知早在伊特鲁里
亚人和其他希腊人踏足该岛之前，多里安人在公元前10世纪就已迁入该岛，并在 岛上采
矿。故Dorians可能是最早到Elba的外来者，故选C。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“She lived safely there and showed little interest in
visiting her husband in his mini-kingdom.”可知Marie Louise住在Viennese很安全，对 去她丈
夫的小王国探视毫无兴趣。live对应上文的ensconce，意思为“定居；安置”，故选 A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“In the formal gardens behind the house it seemed to
me that I could imagine the exiled (流放的) conqueror's anxious thoughts.”可知在房子后面的花
园里，作者仿佛能想象出那个被流放的征服 者的焦虑的思想。即作者在参观拿破仑的花园
时想到了拿破仑对重新掌权的野心。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读， 考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，而选出
正确答案。


6．阅读理解

DNA analysis has revealed family relationships between more than 10 generations of Stone Age
people at megalithic (巨石的) tombs in Ireland and Sweden.

The evidence suggests that megaliths, prehistoric large stone structures, sometimes acted as
graves for family groups in northwestern Europe thousands of years ago. The latest findings
throw new light on the origins and social structure of the groups that built megaliths in this
region—a history that has long been hidden in mystery.

For their study, the international team of researchers analyzed the genomes—the complete set
of genetic material in a cell—of 24 Stone Age individuals from five megalithic burial sites in
Ireland, Scotland and Gotland, a large Swedish island in the Baltic Sea.

This analysis showed that many of the individuals buried at each megalith, who all lived
between 3,800 B.C. and 2,600 B.C., according to radiocarbon-dating of their remains, were
closely related via family ties.

The results also showed that the individuals buried at the megaliths were related to Neolithic
farmers in northern and western Europe but genetically distinct from other hunter-gatherers.
This was particularly noticeable at the Ansarve site on the island of Gotland.


to the individuals dug out from hunter-gather contexts, showing that the burial tradition in this
megalithic tomb, which lasted for over 700 years, was performed by distinct groups with roots in
the European Neolithic expansion,Magdalena Fraser, co-first author from Uppsala University,
said in the statement.

（1）What's the significance of the new findings?

A. It reveals the family ties between people in Ireland and Sweden.

B. It implies that many people buried in the tombs were closely related.

C. It indicates the long-hidden mystery concerning DNA analysis.

D. It suggests that the megaliths became tombs thousands of years ago.

（2）How did the researchers reach their findings?

interviewing individuals.

travelling to different regions.

analyzing genes.

studying the burial sites.

（3）Which is true according to the latest findings?

people buried in the tombs were related to farmers.

people buried in the tombs were genetically different.

the people buried at megaliths had family relationships.

buried in the Ansarve tomb were dug out 700 years later.

（4）What's the main idea of this passage?

ths served as tombs thousands of years ago.

buried at the megaliths were recently analyzed.

findings shed light on a mystery about burials.

-Age people in Ireland and Sweden had close ties.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文， 最新一项发现显示石器时代的爱尔兰人和瑞典人可
能存在亲属关系。研究人员通过分析来自爱尔兰、苏格 兰和位于波罗的海的瑞典格特兰岛
的5个巨石墓葬遗址的24个石器时代个体的基因组。发现，每座巨石 下埋葬着许多人，他
们都生活在公元前3800年至公元前2600年之间根据他们遗体的放射性碳年代 测定，他们
的血缘关系非常密切。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“DNA analysis has revealed family relationships
between more than 10 generations of Stone Age people at megalithic (巨石的) tombs in Ireland
and Sweden.”可知DNA分析揭示了爱尔兰和瑞典巨石墓群10多代人之间存在家庭关系。 这
项新发现意味着埋葬在坟墓里的许多人是近亲。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“For their study, the international team of researchers
analyzed the genomes”可知研究人员是通过分析基因组得出这项发现的，故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“The results also showed that the individuals buried at
the megaliths were related to Neolithic farmers in northern and western Europe”可知埋葬在巨
石阵中的人与北欧和西欧的新石器时代农民有关，故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“DNA analysis has revealed family relationships
between more than 10 generations of Stone Age people at megalithic (巨石的) tombs in Ireland
and Sweden.”以及文章主要内容可知文 章中心内容主要围绕着石器时代的爱尔兰人和瑞典人
有密切联系展开。故选D。

【 点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信 息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。


7．阅读理解

You're probably used to the regular upgrades in our cell-phone networks. There was 2G, which
came along in 199l, replaced with 3G in 2001, followed by 4G in 2009. Now we're hearing about
the coming of 5G.

But 5G is a much bigger leap than before. 5G, of course, is much faster than 4G in the real
world and a 5G phone in a 5G city will enjoy Internet speeds between 9 and 20 times as fast. The
arrival of 5G also means enormous leaps forward in capacity－so much that every cell-phone
plan will offer cheap, truly unlimited Internet access.
Sherif Hanna, Qualcomm's director of 5G marketing. For example, apps will no longer degrade
(降低) your video quality or postpone downloading when you're out of Wi-Fi range. In fact, you'll
probably prefer to do your downloads when you're on cellular (使用流量) because 5G will be
much faster than whatever service you've got at home or work.


partly by using existing transmission(传输) frequencies more efficiently and partly by using the
millimeter wave range. That's a big, juicy line of radio frequencies that are currently underused
because millimeter wave is really hard to use,

These frequencies are much higher than anything we've used for the cellular, which means
they can offer unbelievable speed－but at the cost of range. Millimeter wave cellular towers have
to be about 500 feet apart. Cell carriers not only will have to upgrade all their cell transceivers
(called small cells) but will install(安装) a lot more of them as well.

That's why the millimeter wave flavor of 5G, the superfast coverage, will be available only in
densely populated cities such as New York and San Francisco. In suburban and rural areas, 5G will
bring a speedup of

（1）What advantages does 5G have over previous networks?

A. 5G is much faster and more convenient.

B. 5G allows users to download more videos.

C. 5G can provide better service and news at home.

D. 5G cell-phone plans are expensive but more accessible.

（2）Hanna's words in paragraph 3 reflect .

A. popularity of the coming of 5G B. easy access to the 5G development

C. concern about the 5G development D. excitement about the 5G development

（3）What can we learn about 5G according to the text?

A. It requires more cellular towers.

B. It won't be available in rural areas.

C. It won't show speed improvements in suburbs.

D. It makes some populated cities even more crowded.

（4）Where is the text most likely from?

A. A tour brochure. B. A science newspaper.

C. A medical magazine. D. An experimental textbook.

【答案】 （1）A

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了5G网络的一些基本情况。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“But 5G is a much bigger leap than before. 5G, of course,
is much faster than 4G in the real world and a 5G phone in a 5G city will enjoy Internet speeds
between 9 and 20 times as fast.”但5G的发展比以前大得多。当然，在现实世界中，5G比
4G 快得多，5G城市中的5G手机将享受9到20倍的网速。可知，5G手机的网速将大幅度
提高。由此可 知，与以前的网络相比，5G更快、更方便。故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“‘However, not everyone is excited by the 5G
development…That's a big, juicy line of radio frequencies that are currently underused because
millimeter wave is really hard to use,’ Hanna says.”汉纳说:“然而，并不是每个人都对5G的发
展感到兴奋……这是一个巨大的、有趣的无线电频率线，目前还没有得到充分利用，因为毫
米波真的很难 使用。”可知，汉纳认为并不是每个人都对5G的发展感到兴奋，这种无线电
频率线，目前还没有得到充 分利用。由此推知，汉纳在第3段中的话反映了对5G发展的
担忧。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Cell carriers not only will have to upgrade all their cell
transceivers (called small cells) but will install(安装) a lot more of them as well.”手机运营商不仅
要升级他们所有的手机收发器(称为小型小区，还要安装 更多的收发器）可知，5G不仅需
要手机运营商升级他们所有的手机收发器，还要安装更多的收发器。可 推知，5G需要更多
的手机基站。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“There was 2G, which came along in 199l, replaced with
3G in 2001, followed by 4G in 2009. Now we're hearing about the coming of 5G.”1991年出现的
2G, 2001年被3G取代，2009年又出现了4G。现在我们听到了 5G的到来。可知，本文主
要介绍了5G网络的一些基本情况。5G网络的发展属于科技进步，结合选项 可知，本文应
该来自科学报纸。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判 断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而 选出正确答案。


8．阅读理解

Yellowstone National Park is the flagship of the National Park Service and a favorite to millions
of visitors each year. The park is a major destination for all members of the family. By driving the
grand loop road, visitors can view the park from the comfort of their vehicle and also take a rest
at one of the many roadside picnic areas.

How much is the entrance fee?

$$25 - Private, noncommercial vehicle;

$$20 - Motorcycle or snowmobile (winter);

$$12 - Visitors 16 and older entering by foot, bike, ski, etc.

This fee provides the visitor with a 7-day entrance permit for both Yellowstone and Grand
Teton National Parks.

A $$50 park annual pass provides entrance for a single private non-commercial vehicle at
Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks. The $$10 Interagency Senior Pass (62 and older) is a
lifetime pass available to U.S. citizens or permanent residents.

Where can you stay?

Inside Yellowstone, you can choose to stay in modern or historic hotels and cabins inside the
park like the Old Faithful Inn, the world's largest log structure. For those who want to be a little
closer to nature, there are 12 campgrounds with a range of services from primitive pit toilets to
shower and laundry facilities. There's also RV camping with and without dumping stations.

Staying outside the park gives you unique Old West experiences but still keeps you close to
park attractions.

If you're taking a road trip to Yellowstone, you'll want to check out our Hotels and Cabins On
The Road section.

（1）The entrance fees listed on the web page don't apply to _______.

A. temporary residents in the USA B. vehicles involving business activities

C. visitors out of a certain age range D. private motorcycles and snowmobiles

（2）What are you likely to acquire in the Old Faithful Inn?

A. Unique old west experiences. B. Primitive pit toilets and shower.

C. Knowledge of origin of the park. D. RV camping with dumping sites.

（3）Where does the passage probably come from?

A. A magazine. B. A textbook. C. A notice. D. A travel guide.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文， 介绍了黄石公园的门票以及可以选择的住宿及游玩
的地方。

（1）考查细节理解。根据小标题“How much is the entrance fee?”下分别列 出了私家非商务
车入园的价格，摩托车或雪地车（冬季）入园的价格以及16岁以上的人步行、骑自行车 或
带滑雪板入园的价格，没有涉及到商务车入园的价格。故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据 Where can you stay?部分中的“Inside Yellowstone, you can choose
to stay in modern or historic hotels and cabins inside the park like the Old Faithful Inn, the
world's largest log structure.”在黄石公园里边，你可以呆在像the Old Faithful Inn这样的旅馆
里，有现代的、历史的旅馆和小棚屋。，由其中的historic及morden可知，我们有可能从
这些建筑中了解公园的起源。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文 介绍了黄石公园的门票及游玩住宿的地方，并
且主要是提供给大家一些信息，所以应出自于与旅游指南。 故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读， 考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


9．阅读理解

If American waterways had ever been voted on the yearbook, the Buffalo River could easily
have been named Ugliest. It could be hard to find hope there. It took decades for public
perception of the river to shift. But activist citizens, who collaborated with industry, government,
and environment groups never gave up on their polluted river—the Buffalo River gradually went
from being considered a lost cause to a place worth fighting for. And by now the cleaned—up
water is one of Buffalo'S biggest attractions.

By the 1960s, the river was seen as one of the worst sources of pollution pouring into the Great
Lakes. The Buffalo River had caught fire many times. The surface had an oily layer, and any fish
caught there were not eatable.

The waterway's fate started shifting in the mid-1960s. Stanley Spisiak was a local Polish—
American jeweler by day, but by evening he was the kind of guy who'd chase down dumpers(垃
圾车)he spotted on the Buffalo River. By 1966 he found himself winning the National Wildlife
Federation's
Buffalo River. —the river was still declared biologically
dead in 1969.

Jill Spisiak Jedlicka is his great-grandniece. She picks up where he left off by directing the river's
protector organization, Buffalo Niagara Waterkeeper. Professor Schneekloth and seven friends