祝词-
2020届江苏高考英语作文
年份
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
【考纲解读】
2014年《江苏高考考试说明(英语科)》在典型题示例的书面表达中增加了 示例3,多了
一篇读写任务作文,先阅读后写作,将阅读与写作有机地结合,写作内容是通过对所给材料 的
阅读,以约30个词概括上文的主要内容和以约120个词谈谈你对某一事物的想法。写作要求
明确指出作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事,也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接引
用原文中 的句子。这就是要求考生在阅读相关信息后,进而对所读信息进行加工提炼,在平时
积累的相关信息知识 之上,按照限定的写作内容和写作要求,完成写作任务。这一新增题型难
度较大,从近几年的模拟题和真 题的趋势来看,2020年江苏高考也将延续。
近几年江苏卷基本上都是要求考生首先阅读 一篇短文,然后用约30个单词概括短文全文
或短文某个方面的内容,再按写作内容要点要求用约120 个单词就某个主题发表观点。
一、如何写好概括
(一)图表类概括
图表类书面表 达在近年的高考中时有出现,主要是一些关于情况调查、生产、销售、发
展进程等各种项目统计的示意图 。对于这类形式的书面表达,考生首先要根据图表前的文字
说明,弄清楚图表的性质、内容和规律;然后 ,从图表的整体着手,认真分析各项数据,概括出
题量
1
1
1
1
1
1
分值
25
25
25
25
25
25
主题
汉语热
交通问题
网络投票的积极作用和消极作用
电影票房收入
消费排名现象及观点
对中国传统服装的看法
题型
书面表达
书面表达
书面表达
书面表达
书面表达
书面表达
事情或事件的规律和特征;最后归纳出主题 。写作时要巧妙地引用一些数据来说明主题,不
要过度发挥。
(二)文章类概括
【知识梳理】
读写任务型写作分为两部分:
第一部分要求用约30个词概括所给短文的要点,文体主要以议论文,记叙文或说明文为主。
第二部分以约120个词就短文某一主题谈论自己的经历并发表看法。
此项旨在着重考查学生 学习英语的综合能力,特别是阅读写作以及思维的能力。第一部分要
求学生能读懂文章,在读懂的基础上 概括文章要点,所以阅读能力和概括能力要求较高。
读写任务评分标准(仅显示概括部分)
[评分说明] 读写任务的评分建议采用综合法,即:根据总体影响给分。概要和文章的分值分
别为5分和20分。
项目
赋分
概
括
知识点3:常用文章开头的句式:
1).In this passage, the writer (author) explains/writes about......
2).The passage/article points out/presents/states/compares/introduces/mainly tells us......
0-1
没有按照要求概括原文的主要信息,基本是不相关的信息。语言结构不准
确,行文不规范。
2
不能按照要求概括原文的主要信息,包含较多不相关的信息。语言结构不够
准确, 行文不够规范。
3
4
评 分 标 准
按照要求概括了原文的主要信息,没有增加与原文无关的信息,语言结构正
确,行文规范。
基本按照要求概括了原文的主要信息,没有增加与原文无关的信息。语言结
构正确,行文规范。
基本按照要求概括了原文的主要信息,但包含一些不相关的信息。语言结构
基本正确,行文比较 规范。
5
3).We can learn from the passage that......
4).The passage tells us a story of......, who....... . Through the story, the author presents an idea
that...... (记叙+寓意)
5).As can be learned from the passage,.......
6).The passage compares the benefits of A with B. Some argue in support of A, believing that...,
while others prefer B, stating that......(议论文)
7).The writer sets some examples to tell us……
知识点4:30词概括解题技巧:
信息获取与加工的过程,读和写的过程。
1)定文体:指阅读材料的文体(下同);
不同文体的概括
“任务型写作” 的第一个要求就是对短文进行概括,它是一个获取信息、加工信息的过程,
需要严谨的思维和准确的表达 能力,而且要使用自己的语言来表达。因此,“概括短文的内容”,
实际上就是客观简要地转述作者的论 点、论据和结论。根据不同文体,我们把它归纳为“主题
句+支撑句”的概括模式。不同文体,它的概括 模式略有区别:
文体
议论文
主题句
论点
(概括性的)
支撑句
补充论证的论据。(对立观点式论据的补充是并列关系,句子 间
多用whilehowever等:批驳观点式论据的补充是递进关系,句
子间多用what ’s morein additionbesideswhat’s worsemoreover
等。
记叙文
叙述要素(时
事情的过程和
结果)
“五何”:何时 (when),何地 (where),何人(who),何事 (what) ,结果
间、地点、人物、
如何 (how)。
夹叙夹议型:加上作者的看法或感想等,以第三人称或无人称来
概括。
说明文
和新闻
报道
说明的对象 中心句(通常在首段),抓好关键词;
现象分析型说明文:“现象”,“现象形成原因”,“解决问题的方法
或建议”。
例1:对立观点式的议论文
We all love new inventions. They are amazing and can change our lives. But have all these
developments really improved the quality of our lives?
Picture this: you’re rushing to finish your homework on the computer. Your mobile phone
rings, a QQ message from your friend appears on the screen, and the noise from the television is
getting louder and louder. Suddenly the computer goes blank and you lose all your work. Now you
have to stay up all night to get it done. How calm and happy do you feel?
Inventions have sped up our lives so much that they often leave us feeling stressed and tired.
Why do you think people who live far away from noisy cities, who have no telephones, no cars,
not even any electricity often seem to be happier? Perhaps it is because they lead simple lives.
___________ __________________________________________________ __________________
____________________________ __________________________________________________ _
_____________________________________________ __________________________________
____________ __________________________________________________ _________________
_____________________________ _______________________________
解析:本文主要阐述了“发明” 改变了我们的生活和生活的质量。第二段讲了发明带来方便的
同时,也带来了麻烦,紧接着第三段介绍了 发明拥有的缺点。综上所述,我们可以得出本文的大
意:
参考答案:The author discusses whether new inventions really improve the quality of our
lives(主题句). While new inventions have brought us much convenience, they can also get us into
troubles. (28 words)
例2:(记叙文)
Sept.4th, 2008 Thursday
It was raining outside when I got up early in the morning. It’s too bad, so I had to go to
school by bus. I said to myself. It was almost seven o’clock before I left home. I put on my
raincoat and ran to the bus stop in a hurry, for I thought a lot of people might be waiting there.
Hardly had I gone there when a bus was coming. I got on the bus immediately, hoping it was
possible for me to take a seat. I saw an empty seat and took it. But I found an old lady standing
behind me. I stood up at once and was about to ask her to take the seat when a young girl in a
modern skirt made a dive for it. I could hardly believe it. I glared at her, thinking, “What bad
manners! She cares for nobody but herself. Won’t she grow old in the future?”
_____________________ __________________________________________________ ________
______________________________________ _________________________________________
_____ __________________________________________________ ________________________
______________________ __________________________________________________ _______
_______________________________________ _____________________
解析:上文讲述了作者一次雨天让座给老妇人但被一个穿着时髦的年青女人抢占(make a
dive for)的故事。作者对此事感到遗憾(bad manners)和愤怒(glared at her. Won’t she grow old in
the future?) 。
参考答案:On a rainy day, the writer saw a young lady making a dive for a seat on a bus, leaving
an old lady standing aside. She felt very angry and sorry about such bad manners in our society.
(38words)
Technique Guides
概括叙事性(narrative)文章主要内容一般应包括四个方面的内容:
1. 什么人?(Who)
2. 发生什么事情?(What happened)
3.目的如何/原因是什么?(Why)
4.结果如何/什么启示或教训?(Con sequence/Inspiration/Lesson)
故事性阅读材料,应该用最简练的语言来说明故事讲述了什么,还可以讲述该故事给你的启示
(inspiration) 或其中的一个道理(principle)。
2)定时态:原文过去时,转述也用过去时;现在时则仍然用现在时;
3)定人称:一般用第三人称,特殊情况(如:书信)可能用第二或第一人称;
4)找主题:读短文,划关键词和关键句,即文中反复出现的一些词和段首(尾)主题句;
5)定意图:根据关键词句弄清作者的写作思路和观点态度;
6)写概要:开门见山,高度概 括句,使用概括性语言,省略细节、重复内容和事例;注意衔接;
千万不要把考生自己的观点写在概要里 。
在“读写任务”中概括大意的常用方法
读写任务属于具有一定开放性的写作命题,它要求 学生先通读一篇短文,然后用30字左
右概述短文的大意,再按要求进行作文。不少学生在概括短文大意 这一环节就觉得难以下笔,
据了解,困难之处包括:
1)缩不短;2)抓不住重点;3)不知道哪些内容该删减;4)概括不全面。
针对以上问题,概括大意常用到的几种方法:
1. 抓重点词句(抓实义词,选关键词)
主语 (短文中出现最多的主语名词,通常就是大意句的主语)
关键词的分类 谓语 干什么 阅读时划出每一句的主语 谁
怎么样
褒:赞成或肯定
形容词 观点和态度
贬:反对或否定
2. 综合归纳法
如写事的文章,记叙文一般包含有时间、地点、人 物和事件(主要经过)四要素。找出文
中的四要素,并合理组织它们,这就是主要内容(如果有故事的启 示,要再加这一要素)。
3. 段意归并法
把每段的段意分主次连起来,就是文章的主要内容。
4. 取主舍次法即重点归纳法
有时一篇文章,其重点部分十分突出,而全文的主要内容就在其中。因此,只 要抓住这个重
点部分的段落大意,再加上一些必要的补充交代,全文的主要内容就归纳出来了。 注:在以上四种方法中确定一种方法,通过不同难度和不同体裁的文章,让学生熟练掌握方法
的技巧 ,做到归纳准确全面。最常用的是“段意归并法”,因为高中学生接触的英语文章多数层
次较分明,各段 意思较独立。
例1:总结归纳下列文章的段落大意(30个词左右)
A
Learning to study is not difficult. The first thing to remember is that you must be willing to
learn. It doesn’t mean that you must always like the subject. It does mean, however, that you must
be willing to learn whatever is necessary. Try to understand why it is important and how it will
help you now and later. Knowing mathematical facts will be useful in your whole life. Knowing
how to spell words makes any kind of writing easier. Sometimes the subject that you think is
going to be uninteresting will be attractive when you begin to work on it. Learning things can be
fun if you can try your best.
Here’s some advice for you. Have a certain time each day and a quiet place with good
lighting for study, so that you can concentrate on your study without interruptions. Have
everything ready before you sit down to study, a dictionary, paper, a pen and books. Be sure you
understand what you should learn before you start. Read carefully and pay special attention to the
most important things. When memorizing, find out the main parts and then recite the whole thing.
Check your homework after you finish it. Never forget the importance of review and preview.
_______________________ __________________________________________________ ______
________________________________________ _______________________________________
_______ __________________________________________________ ______________________
________________________ __________________________________________________ _____
_________________________________________ ___________________
解析:
该短文分为两个自然段,第一段的第一个句子提出观点:Learning to study is not difficult.
第一段的其余部分都是在阐述分析该观点的前提条件。于是,在这一部 分提炼主要意思并用
连接起来就是第一自然段的段落大意:The writer tells us that learning to study is not
difficult if we are willing to learn and enjoy it.
第二段非常明显,第一 个句子即是本段的主题句。其余部分是具体内容,应删减。但应提
醒学生不可照搬,应该用自己的语言换 一种说法,如:He also gives us advice on how to learn
well.
然后,把两个自然段的大意归并一起,得出短文的大意:The writer tells us that learning to
study is not difficult if we are willing to learn and enjoy it. He also gives us advice on how to learn
well.
最后,在概括准确、全面的标准上,学生可以互相交流,感受多种表达,比如:
In the author’s opinion, if you are willing to learn and try your best, you’ll find learning not
difficult but fun. And some suggestions are put forward to help us to learn well. (33 words)
检查:
1)词--- 名词单复数,主谓一致,时态语态,非谓语动词,单词拼写等;
2)句---句型结构,短语搭配等;
3)标点符号。
【例题精讲】
【真题拾遗】
2014年江苏高考
81. 请阅读下面短文,并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。
When we read newspapers, we often come across such English words as “AIDS” and “PK.”
When we watch TV, we frequently hear words like “NBA” or “PM2.5.” When we speak, we
automatically use words like “OUT” or “Bye- bye.” English words and expressions like these are
getting popular. They have already become part of our daily language. And 239 English words
have been included in the latest Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese.
The inclusion has started a heated discussion. A group of scholars signed a letter of complaint
over the inclusion of these English words, which, they think, goes against Chinese language
policies. They not only worry that Chinese is borrowing an increasing number of English words
but are also concerned that the inclusion may hurt the dignity of the Chinese language. However,
苦夏-
描写夏天的作文-
我的心愿-
中国礼仪-
形容美女的诗句-
关于长江的诗句-
赶紧的反义词-
诗歌大全-
本文更新与2021-01-17 09:38,由作者提供,不代表本网站立场,转载请注明出处:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao/523059.html