送行淡月微云高考高中英语阅读理解专题及答案

2021年1月17日发(作者：回)


一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解

Shark attacks not only disturb beach activities, but can affect associated tourist industries.
Shark nets are a common solution to preventing shark attacks on beaches, but they cause
dangers to sea ecosystems.

Seeking a cost-effective way to monitor beach safety over large areas, we have developed a
system called Shark Spotter. It combines artificial intelligence (AI), computing power, and drone
(无人机) technology to identify and warn lifesavers to sharks near swimmers. The project is a
cooperation between the University of Technology Sydney and The Ripper Group, which is
pioneering the use of drones—called —in the search and rescue
movement in Australia.

SharkSpotter can detect sharks and other potential threats using real-time aerial imagery. The
system analyses video from a camera attached to a drone to monitor beaches for sharks, send
warnings, and conduct rescues. Developed with techniques known as
Spotter system receives imagery from the drone camera and attempts to identify all objects in
the scene. Once certain objects are detected, they are put into one of 16 categories: shark, whale,
dolphin, rays, different types of boats, surfers, and swimmers.

If a shark is detected, Shark Spotter provides both a visual sign on the computer screen and an
audible warning to the operator. The operator confirms the warning and sends text messages
from the Shark Spotter system to the Surf Life Savers for further action. In an emergency, the
drone is equipped with a lifesaving flotation pod (漂浮仓) together with an electronic shark
repellent (驱逐装置) that can be dropped into the water in cases where swimmers are in severe
trouble, trapped in a rip, or if there are sharks close by.

In January 2018, the Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers was used to rescue two young swimmers
caught in a rip at Lennox Head, NSW. The drone flew down the beach some 800 meters from the
lifeguard station, and a lifesaving flotation pod was dropped from the drone. The complete rescue
operation took 70 seconds.

We believe Shark Spotter is a win-win for both marine life and beachgoers. This unique
technology combines dynamic video image processing AI and advanced drone technology to
creatively deal with the global challenge of ensuring safe beaches, protecting environments, and
promoting tourism.

（1）A Shark Spotter is ________.

A. a solution to monitor sharks B. an equipment to identify lifesavers

C. a technology to prevent shark attacks D. a project to pioneer the use of drones

（2）When a shark is spotted near a swimmer, the system will ________.

A. take timely action B. analyze the visual data

C. classify the identified objects D. turn on

（3）The example in the 5th paragraph shows us that the system is ________.

A. efficient in saving lives B. effective in detecting sharks

C. smart in driving sharks away D. practical over the whole sea area

（4）What is the author's attitude towards the future of SharkSpotter?

ul.

stic.

ve.

ive.

【答案】 （1）C

（2）A

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种旨在防止鲨鱼袭击的技术Shark Spotter
的工作原理以及重要意义。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”If a shark is detected, Shark Spotter provides both a
visual sign on the computer screen and an audible warning to the operator. The operator
confirms the warning and sends text messages from the Shark Spotter system to the Surf Life
Savers for further action.“如果鲨鱼被发现，Shark Spotter会在电脑屏幕上显示视觉讯号，并
向操 作员发出听觉警告。操作员确认了警告，并从鲨鱼观测者系统向冲浪救生员发送短
信，以便采取进一步行 动。可推断出Shark Spotter是一种防止鲨鱼袭击的技术，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”In an emergency, the drone is equipped with a
lifesaving flotation pod (漂浮仓) together with an electronic shark repellent (驱逐装置) that can
be dropped into the water in cases where swimmers are in severe trouble, trapped in a rip, or if
there are sharks close by.“在紧急情况下，无 人机配备了一个救生浮选舱和一个电子防鲨器，
当游泳者遇到严重麻烦、被困在裂口或附近有鲨鱼时，可 以将防鲨器放入水中。可知当在
游泳者附近发现鲨鱼时，系统会及时采取行动，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段”In January 2018, the Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers was
used to rescue two young swimmers caught in a rip at Lennox Head, NSW. The drone flew down
the beach some 800 meters from the lifeguard station, and a lifesaving flotation pod was dropped
from the drone. The complete rescue operation took 70 seconds.“2018年1月，西太平洋小开
创者救生员队(Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers)被用来营救两名在新南威尔士州伦诺克斯海德
(Lennox Head)被困的年轻游泳者。这架无人机从距离救生站800米的海滩上飞下来，一个
救生浮筒从无人 机上掉了下来。整个营救行动耗时70秒。可推知第五段的例子告诉我们这
个系统在拯救生命方面是有效 的，故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”We believe Shark Spotter is a win-win for both
marine life and beachgoers.“我们相信Shark Spotter对海洋生物和海滩游客来说都是双赢
的。可知作者对Shark Spotter的未来持乐观的态度。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查 ，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进
行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


2．阅读理解

A photography exhibition by French artist San Bartolome entitled Moon Door Dreamers
opened in the 798 Art Zone in Beijing on December 10, 2011, presenting a cross-cultural
perspective (视角) on ordinary life in the capital city.

Bartolome took these photos in August 2008, and produced a video named Two Worlds, One
Dream. These works were displayed in Pingyao, an ancient city in Shanxi Province, under the title
Beijing Midsummer Night Dream in September 2010.

The moon doors serve as a keyhole through which one can catch a glimpse of a slice of Beijing
life. He got his inspiration from one cycling trip to the southeastern suburb of Beijing, where he
discovered a peculiar street along which a gray brick wall was built to cover the shabby
bungalows. These cabins were mostly rented by migrant workers- peddlers, craftsmen, grocers
and innkeepers.

Born in 1950, Bartolome has worked as a photographer, stage director. Artistic manager, writer
and diplomat. A noted Sinophile, Bartolome frequently visits China for photographic subjects. In
the fall of 2003, he joined the French Embassy in Beijing as a cultural attache. His work
experience in China from 2003 to 2015 further enhanced his awareness of and love for China.

Bartolome not only loves Chinese culture but also the Chinese people. He thinks that Chinese
people are kind, welcoming and diverse.

Back from his bike ride to southeastern Beijing, he decided to shoot pictures about ordinary
urban lifestyles. He observed dwellers carefully and made friends with them.

After about 30 days and nights that he spent with these common migrants, he created a
number of portraits. Meanwhile, he learned more about those rural migrants who earn their
living in a city with which they are unfamiliar.

He adopted an optimistic perspective to shoot the sights, and he borrowed the title of one of
William Shakespeare s comedy works: A Midsummer Night's Dream.

（1）What is the main purpose of the exhibition?

A. To present Bartolome's photographic skills.

B. To tell us Bartolome's work experience in Beijing.

C. To show us Bartolome's optimistic view on ordinary life in Beijing.

D. To build a cross-cultural communication bridge between China and France.

（2）What inspires Bartolome to shoot pictures about ordinary urban styles?

A. His bike ride to Southeastern suburb of Beijing.

B. His work experience in the French Embassy in Beijing.

C. His visit to the ancient city of Pingyao.

D. Shakespeare's comedy work: A Midsummer Night's Dream.

（3）What does the underlined word

A. A successful artist. B. A cultural attache. C. A person of status. D. A fan of China.

（4）What does the text mainly talk about?

A. A French artist tells Chinese stories with his camera.

B. A French artist frequently visits China for photography.

C. Migrant workers live a simple but happy life in Beijing.

D. Moon Doors serve as a window to display China to the world.

【答案】 （1）C

（2）A

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文， 法国艺术家圣巴托洛姆在北京798艺术区举办的名
为月亮之门梦想家的摄影展，从跨文化角度呈现了普 通城市的生活以及拍摄的原因。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的a cross- cultural perspective (视角) on
ordinary life in the capital city.以及最后一段中的adopted an optimistic perspective to
shoot the sights,可知，这次摄影展用一种跨文化 视角来展示首都的普通生活，他以乐观的
角度拍摄的。由此推断出摄影展向我们展示巴托罗姆对北京城市 生活的乐观态度。故选
C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的got his inspiration from one cycling trip to the
southeastern suburb of Beijing, ...以及第六段中的from his bike ride to southeastern
Beijing, he decided to shoot pictures about ordinary urban lif estyles可知他（拍摄）的灵感来
自一次去北京东南郊的骑行之旅，...。回到北京之后，他决 定拍摄一些关于普通城市生活
方式的照片。可知，是他骑自行车去北京的东南郊区激发了他拍摄普通城市 的生活 。故选
A。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第四段划线词后的内容可知, 巴 托罗姆为了这个摄影
主题经常访问中国。2003年秋，他以文化专员的身份加入了法国驻北京大使馆。 从2003
年到2015年，他在中国的多年工作经历让他加深了对中国的认识和热爱。由此可知，他是
一个热爱中国的人，喜欢了解中国，是一个中国迷。故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意 。本文第一段叙述了法国艺术家圣巴托洛姆在北京798艺术区举办的
名为月亮之门梦想家的摄影展开幕 从一个跨文化视角来展示在首都的普通生活。接着叙
述了为什么 拍摄中国普通城市的生活，用摄影机拍 摄他在中国的经历来表现对中国的热
爱。由此可知本文主要叙述了一个法国艺术家用他的相机讲述中国故 事。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的 考查，是一
篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。


3．阅读理解

The Outdoor City Adventure Book Festival

For one week in July, Sheffield Central Library becomes the center of adventure in the Outdoor
City. Check out some of the events. Most of them are free but early booking is recommended.

July 10

Bee Quest - A Hunt for the World's Most Elusive (难以捕捉的) Bees Central library Carpenter
Room, 7:00-8:30pm.

A hunt for the world's most elusive bees leads Professor Dave Goulson from Poland to
Patagonia, deep into the Ecuadorian Jungle. He also explores closer to home.

Among secret places hidden right under our noses and through his scientific expertise (专业知
识), shows us that beauty hides in the most surprising places.

July 11

Clarion Call: A Heartfelt Tribute to Sheffield's Access Pioneers

Central library Carpenter Room, 10:30-11:30am.

Well-known walker, activist and campaigner, Terry Howard takes us back a hundred years and
shares the story of the role Sheffielders played in the first fights for our right to freely walk on the
Peak District moors (旷野). The Clarion Ramblers is thought to be the first working class walking
club. This is the story of their important role in gaining us the access we all enjoy today.

July 12

The Wainwrights in Color Central Library Carpenter Room, 1:30-2:30pm.

Inspired by the work of the great Alfred Wainwright, over 10 years Andy Beck has reproduced
in watercolor all 1, 500 pictures drawn in A Pictorial Guide to the Lakeland Fells. Andy speaks
about how the scenes in the Lake District have changed during the last 50 years.

July 13

Craft (制作) Your Own Adventure Journal-A Workshop Central Library Reading Room, 2:00-3:00
pm,￡5.

Learn paper craft techniques to make your own beautiful travel journal. Get advice from our
expert tutor on using old photos adventures and holidays.

Collecting stories and memories from your.

（1）Which event should you choose if you're interested in bees?

A. Bee Quest. B. Clarion Call.

C. The Wainwrights in Color. D. Craft Your Own Adventure Journal.

（2）What day is the right time to share the story of Sheffielders?

A. July 10. B. July 11. C. July 12. D. July 13.

（3）What is special about Craft Your Own Adventure Journal?

A. It lasts the longest. B. It needs reservation.

C. It calls for admission charges. D. It offers the most interesting stories.

【答案】 （1）A

（2）B

（3）C

【解析】【分析】 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几个户外城市探险书展。在七月的一个星期
里，谢菲尔德中央图书馆成为户外 城市的冒险中心。这些事件，大部分都是免费的，但建
议大家要提前预订。

（1）考查细节理解。根据 July 10部分中 的”Bee Quest - A Hunt for the World's Most Elusive
(难以捕捉的) Bees Central library Carpenter Room“,可知，Bee Quest中可寻找世界上最难以
捉摸的蜜蜂，如果你对蜜蜂感兴趣，可以到Bee Quest，故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据July 11 部分中的”Central library Carpenter Room,... This is the
story of their important role in gaining us the access we all enjoy today可知，在7月11日的
Clarion Call是分享谢菲尔德故事的最佳时机。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据July 13部分中的个(制作) Your Own Adventure Journal-A
Workshop Central Library Reading Room, 2:00-3:00pm, ￡5.可知，在这个活动中，要收取费
用5英镑。而上文其他的活动中都不 收取费用，这是这个活动与其他不同之处，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的 考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节
信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。


4．阅读理解

More than great drinks, great rewards

Enjoy all the benefits and more with your membership to our Loyalty Program!

Whenever you pay with your membership account, you'll earn a Star.

Collect more Stars, earn more rewards.

Three ways to join us

Buy a Starbucks Card handy to create an account

Track your Stars online or through the mobile app, and we'll send an email when you've earned
a reward.

You can also join from your phone.

Download the Starbucks App.

One of the most exciting benefits of being a member is using our mobile app to: pay for
purchases; view your Stars and rewards; access iTunes Pick of the Week; see current offers.

Or you can join with specially marked coffee purchased at the grocery store.

Enter your Starcode (limit: 2 per day)

Look for the Starcode symbol on specially marked Starbucks products where you buy groceries.

Three levels with increasingly greater rewards

To reach each level in our Loyalty Program, you need to collect more Stars. (Remember: to earn
a Star, you must pay with a registered Starbucks Card.)

Welcome level

To earn your first rewards, just register a Starbucks Card.

Birthday drink or treat on us, birthday coupon (优惠券) for 15% off a purchase at
.

Green level

Collect 5 Stars within 12 months and you'll be in the Green level.

What is included in the Welcome level plus

Free in-store refills (续杯) on hot or iced brewed coffee or tea

Gold level

Collect 30 Stars within 12 months and you'll be at the Gold level.

What is included in the Green level plus

A free food or drink item after another 12 Stars earned

Personalized Gold Card

（1）Which of the following is a way you can apply for membership?

A. To update the Starbucks App.

B. To collect 5 stars within 12 month.

C. To send an email to .

D. To enter a Starcode from specially marked Starbucks products.

（2）With a Starbucks Card of Green level, you will get ________.

A. a free drink item B. free in-store refills

C. personalized Gold Card D. all purchases 15% off

（3）Which of the following statements is TRUE?

earn a Star, you must pay by credit card.

can enter your Starcode three times a day.

the Starbucks App, you can view current offers.

Welcome level, you can refill iced brewed coffee or tea.

【答案】 （1）D

（2）B

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文， 是星巴克做的一个广告宣传。主要介绍了银星级会
员、绿色会员和金星级会员等供人们选择，并鼓励人们 成为会员。

（1）考查细节理解。文章第二个黑色小标题“Three ways to join us”三种方式加入我们，下
列出了可以申请星巴克会员的三种方式，分别是：买张会员卡开 个账户；通过手机上的
APP申请加入；在便利店买带有星巴克标志的产品，找到星巴克密码标志。所以 通过输入
在便利店买的带有星巴克标志的产品上的星巴克密码是一种成为星巴克会员的方式。故选
D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Green level部分中的“Free in- store refills (续杯) on hot or iced
brewed coffee or tea”可以在店内免费续杯热的、冰的煮好的咖啡或茶，可知，成为星巴克
绿色 会员，就可以免费续杯。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据“One of the most exciting benefits of being a member is using our
mobile app to: pay for purchases; view your Stars and rewards; access iTunes Pick of the Week;
see current offers.”可知，通过手机APP申请会员有以下几大好 处：手机支付、查看你的星
级与奖励、可以听iTunes本周最佳选择、查看订单进度。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节
信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。


5．阅读理解

I'm a storyteller. And I would like to tell you a few personal stories.

I grew up reading British and American children's books. When I began to write, I wrote exactly
the kinds of stories I was reading: All my characters were white and blue-eyed, they ate apples
and talked a lot about the weather, despite the fact that I lived in Nigeria. We ate mangoes, and
we never talked about the weather. Because all I had read were books in which characters were
foreign, I had become convinced that books by their very nature had to have foreigners in them.
Things changed when I discovered African books. Because of writers like Chinua Achebe and
Camara Laye, I went through a mental shift in my idea of literature. I realized that people like me,
girls with skin the color of chocolate, could also exist in literature. I started to write about things I
recognized. So what the discovery of African writers did for me was this: It saved me from having
a single story of what books are. The year I turned eight, we got a new house boy Fide from a
nearby rural village. The only thing my mother told us about him was that his family was very
poor. And when I didn't finish my dinner, my mother would say，
know? People like Fide's family have nothing.
Saturday, we went to his village to visit, and his mother showed us a beautifully patterned basket
that his brother had made. I was astonished. It had not occurred to me that anybody in his family
could actually make something. Their poverty was my single story of them.

Years later, when I left Nigeria to go to university in the United States, my American roommate
asked where I had learned to speak English so well, and was confused when I said that Nigeria
happened to have English as its official language. What struck me was this: She had felt sorry for
me even before she saw me. My roommate had a single story of Africa: a single story of
catastrophe.

Of course, Africa is a continent full of catastrophes. But there are other stories that are not
about catastrophe, and it is very important, it is just as important, to talk about them. The
consequence of the single story is this: It robs people of dignity. It makes our recognition of our
equal humanity difficult. It emphasizes how we are different rather than how we are similar.

So what if my mother had told us that Fide's family was poor and hardworking? What if we had
an African television network that broadcast diverse African stories all over the world? What if my
roommate knew about my Nigerian publisher, Muhtar Bakare, a remarkable man who left his job
in a bank to follow his dream and start a publishing house? What if my roommate knew about my
friend Funmi Iyanda, a fearless woman who hosts a TV show, and is determined to tell the stories
that we prefer to forget?

My Nigerian publisher and I have just started a non-profit called Farafina Trust, and we have big
dreams of building libraries and providing books for state schools, and also of organizing lots of
workshops in reading and writing, for all the people who are eager to tell our many stories.

Stories matter. Many stories matter. Stories can break the dignity of a people, but stories can
also repair that broken dignity. When we realize that there is never a single story about any place,
we regain a kind of paradise.

（1）What is probably people's first impression of the writer when it comes to her nationality?

A. She mainly eats apples and mangoes.

B. She may not speak fluent English.

C. She comes from a place free of catastrophes.

D. She prefers stories based on foreign characters.

（2）The underlined phrase

A. discovery of African books with characters of her skin color

B. acquaintance with local African writers like Chinua Achebe

C. realization that not only foreign characters exist in literature

D. change that she started to write about things she recognized

（3）How many personal stories has the writer mentioned in the passage?

A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.

（4）The writer uses several single stories in the passage to illustrate that the single story____.

A. matters in keeping listeners well informed

B. tends to convey a prejudiced idea to listeners

C. gets increasingly popular among story tellers

D. fails to produce a lasting effect on listeners

（5）The writer lists many

A. emphasize our differences rather than similarities

B. indicate the way that stories are used to break dignity

C. show the hardship of recognizing our equal humanity

D. stress the importance of telling diverse, balanced stories

（6）Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A. The danger of the single story B. The importance of telling stories

C. The single stories that matter D. Stories that can repair broken dignity

【答案】 （1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）B

（5）D

（6）A

【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲了几个关于个人的故事，通过故事告诫我
们：如果我们只去聆听关于 一个人、一个国家的单一故事，将会导致非常严重的误解。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二 段可知，作者实际上来自尼日利亚，经常吃芒果，不讨论
天气，有着巧克力肤色。可知至少不是说英语的 欧洲人；再根据第四段，作者的美国舍友
对她能说一口流利英语表示疑惑可知，因此可以推断出人们对尼 日利亚的人第一印象可能
是认为他们不会说流利的英语。故选B。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的”I realized that people like me, girls with skin the color
of chocolate, could also exist in literature.“可知作者的思想转变是她意识到像她这样有着巧克力肤色的女生也是可以在文学作品中有一席之地的。即不仅仅外国人物才存在文学作品
中。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。第二段、第三段、第四段分别讲了作者自己意识到文学作品中人物< br>不限英美，作者发现Fide一家贫穷却努力，作者的室友对尼日利亚的刻板印象。即一共三
个她 的个人经历。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，不论是作者、作者妈妈、作者 的室友，不同的人们
有着不同的single story，实际上可以理解为“一面之词”“刻板印象 ”，但其实又不符合事实，
即会给听众传达有偏见的想法，故选B。

（5）考查推 理判断。作者的一系列假设，其实是更好的做法。兼听则明偏信则暗。我们
不应该听信一面之词，应该去 多角度的均衡的了解。故选D。

（6）考查主旨大意。全文讲述了作者、作者妈妈、作者的 室友的偏见，以及作者对此的
看法。认为一面之词实际上是很不好的。在并没有亲自去观察探索也没有去 多方面了解之
前，人们就接受了single story。但其实往往并不符合事实。因此最好的标题是一面之词的
危险。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇故 事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行
分析，推理，概括和 归纳，从而选出正确答案。


6．阅读理解

When you live in total messiness—cookies in your pants draws, and some old New Yorkers or
apple seeds in your bed—it's hard to know where to look for when you lose your keys. The other
day, after two weeks of searching, I found my keys in the refrigerator. I can't say I was surprised.
But I was surprised when I was diagnosed with ADHD(多动症), when I was a junior at Yale.

According to a new study, 11% of school-age children have received an ADHD diagnosis, a 16%
increase since 2007. And rising diagnoses mean rising treatments—drugs like Adderall are more
accessible than ever. However, the consequences of misuse and abuse of these drugs are
dangerous.

Yet also harmful are the consequences of ADHD undiagnosed, an all- too-common story for
women like me, who have symptoms, like disorganization and forgetfulness, which look different
from those typically expressed in males.

Dr. Ellen, author of Understanding Girls with ADHD, has found around 4 million females with
ADHD are not diagnosed.
on those hyperactive（过度活跃）young boys taken to clinics, making it difficult for girls to be
diagnosed unless they behave like hyperactive boys.

Besides, the idea that young women actually have ADHD often causes skepticism. As a top
student, I didn't believe my diagnosis at first. My friends were also confused, and rather certain
my doctor was misguided.


will hide their inability to meet social expectations. They see their trouble organizing, and
concentrating as character flaws(缺陷).

These years, I am both embarrassed and exhausted by my struggles to keep track of objects,
but drug has helped it and made it more bearable.

（1）The writer presents the first paragraph to .

A. air her view with an example B. bring up the topic of the passage

C. show young people's messiness D. prove Yale also has ADHD students

（2）Many female with ADHD are not diagnosed mainly because .

diagnostic criteria are made according to male ADHD

are smart enough to mask their ADHD symptoms

don't view their trouble as symptoms of ADHD

ADHD are more hyperactive than young boys

（3）What does the word

.

rnness.

.

.

（4）What does the passage mainly talk about?

female ADHD patients develop the disease.

many female ADHD patients are undiagnosed.

young ADHD patients are cured of the disease.

much help ADHD patients can get from medication.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）A

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章借由作者的亲身经历讲述女性多动症不容易被诊断出来的原因。

（1）推理判断题。根据文章第一段的结构和But I was surprised when I was diagnosed with
ADHD（多动症）,when I was a junior at Yale.以及下文关于多动症的内容可知，作者讲述第
一段的目的是为了引出下 文关于多动症的话题，故选B项。

（2）细节理解题。根据文章第四段的The main reason is that the diagnostic criteria were
developed based on those hyperactive（过度活跃）young boys taken to clinics, making it
difficult for girls to be diagnosed unless they behave like hyperactive boys.可知诊断多动症的标
准是基于过度活跃的年轻男孩来制定的，所以很难诊断出女孩，除非她们的行为像过度活
跃的男 孩，故选A项。

（3）词义猜测题。根据画线部分后面的As a top student, I didn't believe my diagnosis at
friends were also confused, and rather certain my doctor was misguided.可知作者一开
始不相信多动症的诊断结果，她的朋友也很 困惑，认为是医生诊断错误，即她们都怀疑医
生的诊断，故推测画线部分的意思是怀疑，故选D项。
（4）主旨大意题。文章第三段主要讲述女性多动症的症状和男性不同；第四段主要讲述
女孩很难被诊断出多动症，因为诊断标准是按男性制定的；第五段主要讲述女性自己会怀
疑诊断结果； 第六段主要讲述女性会把多动症症状隐藏起来。综上所述，本文主要讲述女
性不容易被诊断出多动症的原 因，故选B项。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题和 主旨大意题，
细节理解题要注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词< br>义猜测题要结合划线词所在语境，推测词义；主旨大意题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找
出中心思 想


7．阅读理解

If you wear glasses, chances are you are smarter. Research published in the famous British
journal Nature Communications has found that people who displayed higher levels of intelligence
were almost 30 percent more likely to wear glasses.

The scientists studied the genes of thousands of people between the ages of 16 and
study showed intelligence can be connected to physical characteristics. One characteristic was
eyesight. In out of 10 people who were more intelligent, there was a higher chance they needed
glasses. Scientists also said being smarter has other benefits. It is connected to better health.

It is important to remember these are connections which are not proven causes. Scientists call
this correlation. Just because something is connected to something else does not mean one of
those things caused the other. And it's worth noting that what constitutes intelligence is
subjective and can be difficult, if not impossible, to measure.

Forget genes though. Plenty of proof shows wearing glasses makes people think you are more
intelligent, even if you do not need glasses. A number of studies have found people who wear
glasses are seen as smarter, hard-working and honest. Many lawyers use this idea to help win
their cases. Lawyer Harvey Solves explained this. Glasses soften their appearance. He said
sometimes there has been a huge amount of proof showing that people he was defending broke
the law. He had them wear glasses and they weren't found guilty.

Glasses are also used to show someone is intelligent in movies and on TV. Ideas about people
who wear glasses have begun to shift. People who do not need glasses sometimes wear them for
fashion only. They want to look worldly or cool. But not everyone is impressed by this idea,
though. GQ magazine said people who wear glasses for fashion are trying too hard to look smart
and hip (时髦的). However, that hasn't stopped many celebrities from happily wearing glasses
even if they do not need them. Justin Bieber is just one high-profile fan of fashion glasses.

（1）What does the new study show?

A. People wearing glasses are smarter.

B. People wearing glasses are healthier.

C. Wearing glasses can make people cleverer.

D. Wearing glasses is associated with higher IQ.

（2）What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 mean?

A. Shift. B. Link. C. Proof. D. Consequence.

（3）Why do some lawyers ask their clients to wear glasses in court?

A. Because it can create a moral image. B. Because it can mislead the witnesses.

C. Because it can highlight clients' qualities. D. Because it can prove the clients' innocence.

（4）What is the general attitude to those who wear glasses for fashion?

A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Mixed D. Indifferent.

【答案】 （1）D

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文， 介绍了研究发现戴眼镜和高智商有关，文章还指出
有些人只是为了追求时尚而戴眼镜。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The study showed intelligence can be connected to
physical characteristics. One characteristic was eyesight. In out of 10 people who were more
intelligent, there was a higher chance they needed glasses.”可知， 研究表明，智力与身体特征
有关，其中一个特征就是视力，在10个更聪明的人中，他们需要眼镜的几率 更高，也就是
说戴眼镜与高智商有关，故选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Just because something is connected to something else
does not mean one of those things caused the other.”可知，仅仅因为某物与其他事物相联 系
并不意味着其中一个事物导致了另一个事物，这是对画线词的解释说明，因此此处是说重
要的 是要记住这些都是没有被证实的原因的联系，科学家称之为相关性，由此可知画线词
词义为“相关联、联 系”，故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“A number of studies have found people who wear
glasses are seen as smarter, hard-working and honest. Many lawyers use this idea to help win
their cases. Lawyer Harvey Solves explained this. Glasses soften their appearance.”可知，许多研
究发现，戴眼镜的人被视为更聪明 、更勤奋、更诚实，眼镜使他们看起来更温和，许多律
师利用这个想法来帮助他们赢得官司，可知，一些 律师让他们的当事人在法庭上戴眼镜是
因为戴上眼镜有助于塑造一个道德的形象，故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“People who do not need glasses sometimes wear
them for fashion only. They want to look worldly or cool. But not everyone is impressed by this
idea, though.”可知 ，不需要眼镜的人有时戴眼镜只是为了时尚，他们想显得酷一些，但并
不是每个人都对这个想法印象深刻 ，可知，对于那些追求时尚而戴眼镜的人来说，人们的
态度是既有人支持也有人反对，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅
读， 考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选
出正确答案。


8．阅读理解

A home science experiment recently took the world by storm. Two teens from Toronto, in
Canada, sent a Lego man rising above the Earth and captured their tiny astronaut's trip on film.

Mathew Ho and Asad Muhammad, both 17, used a weather balloon to launch their plastic lego
model 16 miles above the Earth. This is inside a part of Earth's atmosphere.

The two teens were inspired by a similar project performed by students at the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology(MIT). The MIT students had launched a weather balloon with a camera
into near space and taken many unusual images of the Earth. Mathew and Asad then spend four
months figuring out how to launch their own spacecraft into the space.

Travelling to space is expensive for NASA, but Mathew and Asad worked hard to keep their
costs down. They bought much of their equipment used and even sewed the Lego man's
parachute by hand. In total, the project cost only$$400.


up,氦)into the balloon so that it would
rise quickly and avoid being blown too far off course by the strong winds.

The toy astronaut's journey lasted 97 minutes before the balloon broke and he fell back to
Earth. Mathew and Asad then spent two weekends looking for their spacecraft. It had landed
76miles away from the launch site.

The student scientists are currently finishing up their final year of high school and applying for
colleges. They are also looking into more do-it-yourself space projects.


get this far. It's been a lesson for us that hard work pays off.

（1）By saying the world by stormin the first paragraph, the writer meant the
experiment______________.

A. destroyed the world B. flooded the world

C. fascinated the world D. managed the world

（2）Which of the following about the students at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology is
right?

were examples for Mathew Ho and Asad Muhammad.

helped Mathew Ho and Asad Muhammad to achieve dream.

launched weather balloon together with Mathew Ho and Asad Muhammad.

studied with Mathew Ho and Asad Muhammad in the same school.

（3）How did Mathew Ho and Asad Muhammad keep their costs down?

sewing the weather balloon themselves.

borrowing spacecraft from the MIT students.

making their spacecraft by hand.

using second-hand equipment.

（4）What problems did Mathew Ho and Asad Muhammad have on launch day?

ran out of helium.

wind was too strong.

balloon suddenly broke.

spacecraft was blown away.

【答案】 （1）C

（2）A

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述两个来自加拿大的高三学生利用气象气
球把他们的玩具乐高人送 到太空的过程和结果，并从中学到了努力终会有回报。

（1）推理判断题。根据画线部分后面的Two teens from Toronto, in Canada, sent a Lego man
rising above the Earth and captured their tiny astronaut's trip on film.两 个来自加拿大的少年把
乐高人送入太空，并且把航空之行的过程拍下来了。这是一件很了不起的事情，故 推测这
件事吸引了全世界的目光，即画线部分的意思是吸引了全世界，故选C项。

（2）细节理解题。根据文章第三段的The two teens were inspired by a similar project
performed by students at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT).可知这两个孩子 是受
到了两个麻省理工学生相似实验的启发，然后做了他们自己的实验，即他们是这两个孩子
的 榜样，故选A项。

（3）细节理解题。根据文章第四段的They bought much of their equipment used and even
sewed the Lego man's parachute by hand. In total, the project cost only$$400.可知他们很多的设
备都是二手的，甚至自己缝制乐高人 的降落伞，所以他们的总费用才花了400美元，故选
D项。

（4）细节理解题。根据文章第五段的had a lot of anxiety on launch day because there
were high winds when we were going up,可知，在进行发射的那天风
速很快，这让他们很担心，故选B项。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和推理判断题。细节理解题要注意从文中寻
找答 案；推理判断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。