学制及学习形式小学六年级英语练习讲解【一般过去时的用法】

2021年1月17日发(作者：法布尔的故事)
一般过去时的用法

概念
表示在的过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的 状态。通常在句子里找到表示过
去时间的词或词组。如：yesterday，yesterday morning，yesterday afternoon，yesterday
evening，the day before yesterday（前天），last night，last week，last month， last
year，a moment ago（刚才），just now（刚才）， two days ago，a week ago，in 1990
等。
如： I went to bed at eleven last night. 昨晚我11：00睡觉。
动词过去式的构成规律
(一)规则动词的过去式
1．一般情况下，在动词原形后面加-ed；
look→looked play→played start→started visit→visited
2．以不发音e结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-d；
live→lived use→used
3．以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词，先将 y 改为i ,再加 –ed；
study→studied, try→tried fly→flied
4．以重读闭 音节（即辅音＋元音＋辅音）或r音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母
的动词，要先双写这个辅音字母后， 再加 –ed。
stop→stopped plan→planned drop→dropped
(二)不规则动词的过去式
1．改变动词中的元音；
begin→began drink→drank come→came eat→ate grow→grew run→ran
know→knew win→won speak→spoke take→took write→wrote get→got
2．变词尾的–d 为–t ；
build→built lend→lent send→sent spend→spent bend→bent
3．与动词原形一样；
cut→cut put→put cost→cost hurt→hurt shut→shut
4．变-ay 为-aid (少数动词)；
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say→said pay→paid lay→laid
5．采用不同词根；
sell→sold teach→taught buy→bought
6．其他。
am/is→was are→were have/has→had do→did
加“-ed”后的读音方法
加在清辅音后面读/t/。
finished /-t/ help /-t/ asked /-t/
加在浊辅音或元音结尾的，读/d/。
played /-d/ lived /-d/ enjoyed /-d/
加在/t/或/d/后面，读/id/。
wanted /-tid/ needed /-did/ visited /-tid/
句式变化
（一）一般过去时的一般疑问句
1．把was, were放在句首，其余位置不变。由Was…？引导的一般疑问句，肯定
答为：Yes，… was. 否定回答为：No，…. wasn’t. 由Were…？引导的一般疑问句，肯
定回答为：Yes，… were. 否定回答为：No，… weren’t.
如：
（1）I was at home. →Were you at home?
→Yes, I was. (肯定回答) →No, I wasn’t. (否定回答)
（2）They were at Li Yan’s home last night. →Were they at Li Yan’s home last night?
→Yes, they were. (肯定回答) →No, they weren’t. (否定回答)
2．在行为动词的句子中，要用助动词词did来引导，其余的语序不变。要注意的是，要把行为动词的过去式改为原形。肯定回答为：Yes, …did. 否定回答：No, …
didn’t.
如：John played computer games last night.→Did John play computer games last night?
→Yes, he did. (肯定回答) →No, he didn’t. (否定回答)
（二）一般过去时的否定句
1．在表示过去存在的状态的句子中，相接在was, were的后面加上not。
如：
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（1）He was in the park the day before yesterday.
→He was not in the park the day before yesterday.
(2)We were busy last week.
→We were not busy last week.
2．在表示过去的时间发生的动作的句子中，要在行为动词的前面加助动词didn’t.
然后把过去式的行为动词改为动词原形。即：didn’t + 动词原形。
如：
（1）She played the violin last night.
→She didn’t play the violin last night.
(2)They swam in the lake yesterday.
→They didn’t swim in the lake yesterday.

(三)、一般过去式的特殊疑问句
did … ?（主要是询问过去发生了什么事情，注意要把过去式改为动词原
形。）
We ate Chinese food last night.
→What did we eat last night?
did ?( 主要是询问过去事情发生的地方。)
They sang and dance in the music room yesterday morning.
→Where did they sing and dance yesterday morning?
+ 动词过去式 … ?( 主要是询问过去事情发生的人物。)
Mike and Tom climbed mountains last weekend.
→Who climbed mountains last weekend?
二、句子结构
1．在表示某个时间里存在的状态的句子，系动词用过式was，were构成。
如：（1）I was at home yesterday. 昨天我在家。
（2）We were in the gym just now. 刚才我们在体育馆。
2．在表示过去某个时间里发生的动作，用动词的过去式构成。
如：I visited my uncle yesterday. 昨天我拜访了我的叔叔。
3．各种句式
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（1）一般过去时的肯定陈述句：
主语 ＋ 动词过去式 ＋ 宾语或表语。
He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.
（2）一般过去时的否定句：
a．主语 ＋ didn’t ＋ 动词原形 ＋ 宾语。 (did + not = didn't)
He didn't do morning exercises yesterday.
b．主语 ＋ wasn’t/weren’t ＋表语。(was + not = wasn't were + not = weren't)
He wasn't an English teacher ten years ago.
（3）一般过去时的一般疑问句：
a．Did ＋ 主语 ＋ 动词原形 ＋ 宾语 ？
Did you study English in 1990 ?
b．Was/Were + 主语 ＋ 表语 ？
Was he a pupil five years ago ?
（4）一般过去时的特殊疑问句：
a．特殊疑问词 ＋ did + 主语 ＋ 动词原形 ＋ 宾语？
Where did your parents live five years ago？
What did you do last Sunday？
b．特殊疑问词 ＋ were/was ＋ 表语？
Who was at the zoo yesterday?














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