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Text 3
本文背景知识：
反科学（anti-science）：违背科学发展规律的一种伪（假）科学论点；一种反对科学的思潮，与“伪科学”的含义应区别对待。反科学与伪科学是不同的，伪科学是假冒科学，
以此来达 到不可告人的目的。与“伪科学”不同的是，“反科学”表达的是一种怀着批判的
态度直接反对、质疑科 学的精神。科学一定会是人类进步吗？面对任何问题，我们都要怀着
质疑的态度。空气污染、全球变暖、 科技的进步人类丧失了很多能力等等，这都应该是人们
重新反思科学对于人类的意义。
Science has long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of
culture. Think of Galileo’s 17th century trial for his rebelling belief before
the Catholic Church or poet William Blake’s harsh remarks against the
mechanistic worldview of Isaac Newton. The schism between science
and the humanities has, if anything, deepened in this century.
Until recently, the scientific community was so powerful that it could
afford to ignore its critics — but no longer. As funding for science has
declined, scientists have attacked “antiscience” in several books, notably
Higher Superstition, by Paul R. Gross, a biologist at the University of
Virginia, and Norman Levitt, a mathematician at Rutgers University; and
The Demon-Haunted World, by Carl Sagan of Cornell University.
Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings
such as “The Flight from Science and Reason,” held in New York City in
1995, and “Science in the Age of (Mis) information,” which assembled
last June near Buffalo.
Antiscience clearly means different things to different people. Gross
只供学习与交流
词汇记忆任务：
1. uneasy 不协调的，矛盾的
2. trial 审判，审讯
3. rebel 反抗权威
ic Church 天主教
5. harsh 苛刻的，难听的
6. remarks 批评，评论
7. mechanistic 机械论的，机械
学的
8. schism 分裂
9. afford to 承担，承受得起
10. funding 资金，赞助
11. decline 减少，下降
12. attack 抨击，非难
13. notably 特别，尤其
14. defenders 辩护人，保卫者
15. voice 表示，表达（感情或
意见）
16. flight 远离，逃离
le 集合
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and Levitt find fault primarily with sociologists, philosophers and other
18. Buffalo 布法罗（Buffalo）
是美国纽约州西部伊利湖东
academics who have questioned science’s objectivity. Sagan is more
岸的港口城市。
concerned with those who believe in ghosts, creationism and other
19. find fault with 吹毛求疵
phenomena that contradict the scientific worldview.
20. primarily 首先
A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has
ics 学者
22. objectivity 客观性
been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who
concerned with 重视，深
advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus
表关注
to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.
onism 神创论，创造
Few would dispute that the term applies to the Unabomber, whose
论
25. contradict 相矛盾
manifesto, published in 1995, scorns science and longs for return to a
26. tag 热门标签，关键词
pre- technological utopia. But surely that does not mean
27. attach to 附在..上
environmentalists concerned about uncontrolled industrial growth are
28. elimination 消除，消灭
antiscience, as an essay in US News & World Report last May seemed to
29. stocks 现存，储存
30. smallpox 天花病毒
suggest.
31. dispute 争论，争端
The environmentalists, inevitably, respond to such critics. The true
sto 宣言
enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University, a pioneer
33. scorn 蔑视
of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence
34. long for 渴望，渴求
35. utopia 乌托邦
supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other
36. depletion 损耗，枯竭
consequences of industrial growth.
37. ozone layer 臭氧层
Indeed, some observers fear that the antiscience epithet is in
38. epithet 绰号，诨名
danger of becoming meaningless. “The term ‘antiscience’ can lump
39. lump together 把...归并在
一起
together too many, quite different things,” notes Harvard University
40. enlightened 开明的，有见
philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and Anti-Science.
识
“They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or
threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened.”
59. The word “schism” (Line 4, Paragraph 1) in the context probably means ________.
[A] confrontation
[B] dissatisfaction
[C] separation
[D] contempt
60. Paragraphs 2 and 3 are written to ________.
[A] discuss the cause of the decline of science’s power
[B] show the author’s sympathy with scientists
[C] explain the way in which science develops
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