当初的承诺2005--2010年高考全国卷一英语【听力原文】学习啊

2021年1月17日发(作者：贺云卿)
学英语简单吗？肯定会有许多学生说：
“
难死了
”
。

为什么有好多学生对英语的学习都感到头疼呢？答案只有一个：
“
不得法。
”
英语与汉语一
样都是一种语言，为什么你说汉语会如此流利？那是因为你置身于一个汉语环境中 ，如果
你在伦敦呆上半年，保准说起英语来会非常流利。但很多中学生没有很好的英语环境，那
么你可以自己设置一个英语环境，坚持
“
多说
”
、
“
多听< br>”
、
“
多读
”
、
“
多写
”
，那么你的英语
成绩肯定会很出色。


一、多
“
说
”
。


自己多创造机会与英 语教师多讲英语，见了同学，尤其是和好朋友在一起时尽量用英语去
问候，谈心情
……
这时候你需随身携带一个英汉互译小词典，遇到生词时查一下这些生词，
也不用刻意去记，用的多了，这 个单词自然而然就会记住。千万别把学英语当成负担，始
终把它当成一件有趣的事情去做。


或许你有机会碰上外国人，
你应大胆地上去跟他打招呼，
和他谈天气、谈风景、
谈学校
……
只是别问及他的年纪，婚史等私人问题。尽量用一些你学过的 词汇，句子去和他谈天说地。
不久你会发现与老外聊天要比你与中国人谈英语容易的多。因为他和你交谈 时会用许多简
单词汇，而且不太看重说法，你只要发音准确，准能顺利地交流下去。只是你必须要有信< br>心，敢于表达自己的思想。


如果没有合适的伙伴也没关系，你可以拿过一本 书或其它什么东西做假想对象，对它谈你
一天的所见所闻，谈你的快乐，你的悲伤等等，长此坚持下去你 的口语肯定会有较大的提
高。


二、多
“
听
”

寻找一切可以听英语的机会。别人用英语交谈时，你应该大胆地去参与，多听听各种各样人的发音，男女老少，节奏快的慢的你都应该接触到，如果这样的机会少的话，你可以选
择你不知内 容的文章去听，这将会对你帮助很大，而你去听学过的课文的磁带，那将会对
你的语言语调的学习有很大 的帮助。


三、多
“
读
”
。


“
读
”
可以分为两种。一种是
“
默读
”
。 每天给予一定时间的练习将会对你提高阅读速度有很
大的好处，读的内容可以是你的课本，但最好是一些 有趣的小读物，因为现在的英语高考
越来越重视阅读量和阅读速度。每道题的得分都与你的理解程度有很 大关系，所以经过高
中三年阅读的训练后，你必定会在高考中胜券在握。

另一种是< br>“
朗读
”
这是学语言必不可少
的一种学习途径。


四、多
“
写
”

有的同学总是抱怨时间紧，根本没时间写 作文。其实
“
写
”
的形式很多，不一定就写作文才
提高写作能力。比 如写下你一天中发生的一些重要的事情，或当天学了某一个词组，你可
以创设一个语境恰如其份地用上这 个词。这样即可帮你记住这个词的用法，又可以锻炼你
的写作能力，比如学
“wish”
一词时，可写一小段如下：


The teacher often asks us what we want to be in the good friend Tom
wishes to be a r,I'm different .I wish I were a teacher in the
my mother wishes me to be a doctor.

只几句话：但
wish
的几种用法已跃然纸上，这样写下 来印象会深刻得多，这样比死记硬背
wish
的用法也有趣轻松的多。

< br>学习英语不用花大块的时间，
10
分钟的散步可以练

说

吃完饭后可以读一会儿英语小说，
睡前听几分钟英语，可以使你得到更好地休息
……
只要你每天抽出一些时间来练英语，你
的英语成绩肯定会很快提高的。


背英语单词技巧


1
、循环记忆法


艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线


人的大脑是一个记忆的宝库，人脑经历过的事物，思考 过的问题，体验过的情感和情绪，
练习过的动作，都可以成为人们记忆的内容。例如英文的学习中单词、 短语和句子，甚至
文章的内容都是通过记忆完成的。从

记

到

忆

是有个过程的，这其中包括了识记、保持、
再认和回忆。有很多

人在学习英语的过程中，只注重了学习当时的记忆效果，孰不知，要
想做好学习的记忆工作，是 要下一番工夫的，单纯的注重当时的记忆效果，而忽视了后期
的保持和再认同样是达不到良好的效果的。


在信息的处理上，记忆是对输入信息的编码、贮存和提取的过程，从信息处理的角 度上，
英文的第一次学习和背诵只是一个输入编码的过程。人的记忆的能力从生理上讲是十分惊
人的，
它可以存贮
1015
比特
(byte
，
字节
)
的信息，
可是每个人的记忆宝库被挖掘的只占
10%
，
还有更多的 记忆发挥空间。这是因为，有些人只关注了记忆的当时效果，却忽视了记忆中
的更大的问题
--
即记忆的牢固度问题，那就牵涉到心理学中常说的关于记忆遗忘的规律。


一、艾宾浩斯记忆规律曲线解释


德国有一位著名的心理学家名叫艾宾浩斯
(Hermann Ebbinghaus
，
1850-1909)
，
他在
1885
年发表了他的实验报告后，记 忆研究就成了心理学中被研究最多的领域之一，而艾宾浩斯
正是发现记忆遗忘规律的第一人。


根据我们所知道的，记忆的保持在时间上是不同的，有短时的记忆和长时的记忆两种。而我们平时的记忆的过程是这样的：


输入的信息在经过人的注意过程的学习后， 便成为了人的短时的记忆，但是如果不经过及
时的复习，这些记住过的东西就会遗忘，而经过了及时的复 习，这些短时的记忆就会成为
了人的一种长时的记忆，从而在大脑中保持着很长的时间。那么，对于我们 来讲，怎样才
叫做遗忘呢，所谓遗忘就是我们对于曾经记忆过的东西不能再认起来，也不能回忆起来，< br>或者是错误的再认和错误的回忆，这些都是遗忘。艾宾浩斯在做这个实验的时候是拿自己
作为测试 对象的，他得出了一些关于记忆的结论。他选用了一些根本没有意义的音节，也
就是那些不能拼出单词来 的众多字母的组合，比如
asww
，
cfhhj
，
ijikmb，
rfyjbc
等等。
他经过对自己的测试，得到了一些数据。


然后，艾宾浩斯又根据了这些点描绘出了一条曲线，这就是非常有名的揭示遗忘规律的曲线：艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线，图中竖轴表示学习中记住的知识数量，横轴表示时间
(
天数
)
，曲线
表示记忆量变化的规律。


这条曲线告诉人们在学习中 的遗忘是有规律的，遗忘的进程不是均衡的，不是固定的一天
丢掉几个，转天又丢几个的，而是在记忆的 最初阶段遗忘的速度很快，后来就逐渐减慢了，
到了相当长的时候后，几乎就不再遗忘了，这就是遗忘的 发展规律，即

先快后慢

的原则。
观察这条遗忘曲线，
你会发 现
,
学得的知识在一天后，如不抓紧复习
,
就只剩下原来的
25%)
。
随着时间的推移
,
遗忘的速度减慢，遗忘的数量也就减少。有人做过一个实 验，两组学生学
习一段课文，甲组在学习后不久进行一次复习，乙组不予复习，一天后甲组保持
98%
，乙
组保持
56%
；一周后甲组保持
83%
，乙组保 持
33%
。乙组的遗忘平均值比甲组高。


二、不同性质材料有不同的遗忘曲线


而且，艾宾浩斯还在关于记忆的实验 中发现，记住
12
个无意义音节，平均需要重复
16.5
次；为了记住
36
个无意义章节，需重复
54
次；而记忆六首诗中的
480
个音 节，平均只需
要重复
8
次！这个实验告诉我们，凡是理解了的知识，就能记得迅速、全 面而牢固。不然，
愣是死记硬背，那也是费力不讨好的。因此，比较容易记忆的是那些有意义的材料，而 那
些无意义的材料在记忆的时候比较费力气，在以后回忆起来的时候也很不轻松。因此，艾
宾浩 斯遗忘曲线是关于遗忘的一种曲线，而且是对无意义的音节而言，对于与其他材料的
对比，艾宾浩斯又得 出了不同性质材料的不同遗忘曲线，不过他们大体上都是一致的。


因此，艾宾浩斯 的实验向我们充分证实了一个道理，学习要勤于复习，而且记忆的理解效
果越好，遗忘的也越慢。


三、不同的人有不同的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线
--
个性化的艾宾浩斯


上述的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线是艾宾浩斯在实验室中经过了大量测试后，产生了不同的记忆数
据，从 而生成的一种曲线，是一个具有共性的群体规律。此记忆曲线并不考虑接受试验个
人的个性特点，而是寻 求一种处于平衡点的记忆规律。


但是记忆规律可以具体到我们每个人，因为我们的 生理特点、生活经历不同，可能导致我
们有不同的记忆习惯、记忆方式、记忆特点。规律对于自然人改造 世界的行为，只能起一
个催化的作用，如果与每个人的记忆特点相吻合，那么就如顺水扬帆，一日千里； 如果与
个人记忆特点相悖，记忆效果则会大打折扣。因此，我们要根据每个人的不同特点，寻找
到属于自己的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线


2
》如何学英语


下定决心，坚持不懈


英语学习作为一门语言技能，通过大量的训练和练习 任何人是可以掌握的。一般地说，英
语学习的原则是听、说领先，读、写跟上。李扬的疯狂英语提倡，首 先建立起我能学好英
语的信心，然后以句子为单位，大量地模仿，疯狂地操练，大声地朗读，最后达到自 如地
说英语，他的方法对提高说英语的能力很奏效。钟道隆教授
45
岁开始学英语，一 年后，学
成出国当口语翻译，并创造了逆苦恼、逆急于求成、逆速成的逆向学习英语的方法。他还
提出学习英语要遵循听、写、说、背、想的方法，他的方法强调以听为主，并且把所听到
的内容全部写 下来。尤其是他的学习精神最可佳，他学习英语用坏了十几台录音机，你可
想象他听了多少英语；用完的 圆珠笔芯几乎装满了一个一拉罐，你可想象他写了多少，在
一年半内，累计业余学习英语时间大约三千小 时，也就说每天抽出几个小时来学英语。如
果我们做到他那样，一定也能学好英语。最重要的是坚持，只 要能下定决心，坚持每天至
少一个小时的学习英语，战胜自我最后肯定会有收获的。


注意方法，循序渐进


决心下定，还注意学习方法，有时根据自己的情况和 不同的学习目的，选择不同的学习方
法，但是学习英语一定要踏踏实实地、一步一个脚印地走。要把基础 知识掌握好，也就是
说，发音要正确、基本词汇要掌握牢、基本句式要熟练、基本语法要会用。


（
1
）要过好语音关。把每一个音标发正确，注意改正有问题的音素，特别 是那些容易混淆
的音素，尽早地掌握国际音标，并尽量的掌握一些读音规则，尽快地能利用读音规则来拼
单词，掌握读音规则对单词的记忆和拼写非常有用。


（
2
）掌握一定数量的英语单词。对于学习者来说掌握英语词汇是一难关，学习单词要从单
词的形、音、义 这三方面去掌握，要注意单词的一词多义，一词多类的用法，要学会一些
构词法的知识，来扩展词汇量。 学习单词要在语言材料中去学，要结合词组，通过句子，
阅读文章来活记单词，死记的单词是记不牢的。 坚持在读、说前，先反复听，听的时候反
应单词、句子的意思和节奏，想一下单词的拼法、句子结构。并 要同学习语法规则有机结
合起来进行。


（
3
）
掌握好基本语法。
语法在学习英语中也很重要，
它能帮助我们把握住英语的基本规律，
通过例句或语言现象把死的语法规则要记住，活的规则要通过做大量的练习掌握。总之学
习英语要通过听 、说、读、写、译来进行操练，不但要注意数量，更重要的是要注意质量，
尤其是基本知识要掌握的准确 ，熟练。只有经过大量的实践，才能做到熟能生巧，运用自
如。


提前预习，有的放矢


作为学生，在每次上课前，都要对要学的课文提前预 习。首先在音标的帮助下试着拼读单
词，也可以借助配套磁带反复听，对比一下，把握不准的要标出来， 注意上课老师的发音，
还要记一下单词的汉语意思和词性。借助课文的注释或辅导材料，预习一遍课文， 找出不
明白的地方，做到心中有数，在教师讲课时注意听这些地方。总之，预习的目的是熟悉要
学的内容，找出不明白的地方，带着问题听课，做到有的放矢。


认真听课，积极配合


课堂是老师与学生一起学习、掌握、运用知识的主要 场所。作为起主导作用的老师一方引
导学生搞好课堂教学是很必要的，但也需要学习者的积极配合。上课 要专心听讲、作好笔
记、认真操练、积极思考。预习时出现的问题在课堂上教师没有讲到的，要向老师提 出，
把问题搞清楚，老师讲授的问题，先注意听，下课后整理一下笔记，反复思考一下这些问
题 ，抓住老师所讲的重点，难点和考点。总之，上课时要做到耳听、眼观、嘴动、脑想，
调动起多个感官来 。


完成作业，找出问题


学完每一课，要认真完成课 后作业。做作业时一定不要看参考书上题的答案，做完后再对
答案，对于作业中所出现的不明白的问题， 应该记下来，等下次上课时提出来。做作业是
英语学习的很重要的环节，它是消化知识和巩固知识的过程 ，一定要认真完成规定的作业，
笔头作业要动一动笔，口头作业要动一动嘴，提高听力要练一练耳，课文 在听和读的基础
上，最好背诵某些精彩段落。总之，要做大量的练习，英语是练出来的，

一定不要偷懒。


及时复习，巩固知识


学会 了的东西随着时间的流逝会逐渐遗忘，但学语言有遗忘现象是正常的。更不必因为有
遗忘现象而影响自己 学好英语的信心与决心。问题在于怎样来减轻遗忘的程度。善于类比，
总结知识，把新学的知识同过去学 的有关的知识进行横向和纵向比较和联系。建立错误档
案记录，加深印象，以避免再反同样错误。我们大 部分知识和技能是靠重复获得的，及时
复习对于记忆非常必要，学英语就是要坚持天天不断的练，不断地 重复基本句型，常用词
汇和基本语法等。学习英语的过程也是同遗忘做斗争的过程。


总而言之，只要你能做到下定决心学，注意学习方法，把课前预习，认真听课，完成作业，
及时 复习这些环节作好了，你一定能够学好英语




2010
年高考全国卷
I
英语听力原文


第一节


Text 1

M: Do you have any plans for the weekend, Dorothy. Would you like to join me for an
outing?
W: Thanks, but I am going to work on my paper all weekend.
Text 2
W: So what did you buy?
M: A T-shit, it was a real bargain. I got it half price, saving 15 dollars.
Text 3
M: I am going to the museum Sunday afternoon. There is a new exhibition of Indian art.
Want to come with me?
W: I’d love to, but my best friend is getting married on Sunday, and I won’t miss it for
anything.
Text 4
W: National Bank, can I help you?
M: Yes, please. What are your business hours?
W: We open at 9:00 and close at 4:00 during the week, on Saturday we close one hour
earlier at 3:00, and we are closed on Sunday.
Text 5
W: May I help you, sir.
M: Yes, I seem to have lost my room key.
W: In that case, you need to go to the front desk to get another one.
第二节


Text 6

M: Hello, Nora, I heard about a flat that might interest you girls. It’s near the central bus
station on the main road, and about 75 pounds a week, quite reasonable. The problem is,
it’s only got two bedrooms, but I expect two of you could share.

W: Well, as long as it’s to me, I’ve got to have my own room, because I’ve been working at
home most of the time, any other information?
M: Yes, it’s got a
very big and well equipped kitchen, and I know you like cooking. So
that’s another point in its favor, but there is a small sitting room, and not much furniture yet.
So let me know quickly if you want it or it will be taken.
Text 7
M: Hello, Barbara, welcome back. You look great.
W: Rod, it’s lovely to see you again.

M: How was your trip?
W: Fine but tiring. Milan was interesting, it’s bigger than I expected, noisier and dirtier, too.

M: And Florence, what did you think of Florence?
W: Well, I didn’t go the
re. Have you been there?
M: No, I’ve never been to Italy. I’d really like to go to Roma. Well, the cars are in the car
park. Is this all your luggage?
W: Yes, but the suitcase is very heavy.
M: Barbara, what’s in it? Books or stones?

W: Just 20 pairs of shoes.
Text 8
W: Hello, Thomas Brothers.
M: Hello, this is Mike Landon here. Is Jack Cooper there by any chance?
W: I am afraid not, he is away for a day or two, back on, let’s see, Monday morning.

M: Oh, well perhaps I can live a message for him.
W: Yes, of
course, just a minute. Now, let’s see, to Jack Cooper from Mike London.

M: No, Landon, L-a-n-d-o-n.
W: Sorry, yes, got that, and what’s the message?

M: Well it’s just this: could he come to a meeting on Monday afternoon at 5:00 pm?

W: That’s this coming M
onday, October 12th ?
M: Right, it’s to discuss the new factory in France.

W: Fine, I’ve got that. I will see that he gets it as soon as he comes in on Monday.

M: Good, thank you, goodbye.
Text 9
M: Now, Mrs. Franks, I just like to read your statement back to you, and then you can write
your name on it.
W: Fine.
M: I was standing in front of the Second National Bank building at about 8:50 am, I saw a
small red car heading for the cross roads of Churchill Avenue, and York Road, it was
coming towards me along Churchill Avenue at about 40 miles per hour. The traffic lights
on York Road changed to green, and a delivery lorry began to move forward at about 5
miles per hour. The driver of the car probably didn’t see that his traffic light has changed
from orange to red, and ran into the side of the lorry.
W: That’s correct.

Text 10
Welcome to Montfort School, thank you for choosing our school and for joining the happy
Montfort family, which has been educating boys since 1916. We are so happy that you
have taken time off to be with us today. It is with great pleasure that we have prepared
some events that we hope will please you. At 9:00 am, our headmaster will give a
welcome speech; this will be in the school hall. Please be sited by 8:45 am. Following the
speech, i
t’s the guide tour of the exhibition at 9:30, here you can see the proud history of
our school and our achievements in the field of education. The exhibition is laid out in the
classrooms on the 2nd floor.
Then the guide tour of science labs at 10:20 am, here you can see the subjects that new
students will be studying. You will also notice that our labs have excellent equipment. At
11:00 am, you will be guided to the tool to practical areas. This covers our technical
workshops, music, and other areas of our school life. At Montfort, we believe in all around
development of our students.
Lunch will be at 12:00. It has been specially prepared for our guests. All our teachers and
student leaders will be present to answer any questions that you have in your minds. We
are so happy that you could be with us today.

2009
年高考全国卷
I
英语听力原文


第一节


Text 1

W: What do you think we need to buy for our new kitchen?

M:
We’ve
got a fridge and a dinner table already. We need some chairs.

Text 2

M: I like to stay two nights, please.

W: Do you want full board or half board?

M:
What’s
the difference?

W: Full board includes all meals, and half board includes just breakfast and dinner.

Text 3

M:
Shouldn’t
we invite Cathy to the party tonight?

W: Invite Cathy? She is the one who is planning the whole thing.

Text 4

M: Did you say you were driving to town this morning?

W: Yes. I have to draw some money from the bank to pay my bookstore bills.

Text 5

M: What are you working on so hard?

W: An article for the newspaper. If
I’m
late, it
won’t
get printed until next week.

第二节


Text 6

M: Excuse me. I think you are in my seat.

W: Sorry, but it says 7A on my boarding card.

M: Oh,
um…
right. I asked for a window seat, you see.

W: Yeah, so did I.
What’s
your seat number?

M:
Let’s
see. Oh,
it’s
8A.

W: So I guess you are in the seat behind me.

M: Oh, yes. Sorry about that.

Text 7

M: Can I help you?

W: Yes. How much are these T-shirts?

M: They are 12 dollars 50 cents each.

W: I like the green one, but it
isn’t
big enough. Have you got a larger size?

M: Just a minute. No,
I’m
sorry, we
haven’t.
What about the black one?

W: No,
it’s
too dark. I prefer something lighter, yellow or pink.

M: How about the pink one?

W: Yes.
That’s
nice.
I’ll
take it.

M:
That’s
12 dollars 50 cents then, please.

W: Here you are.

Text 8

W: So how long have you been living in London?

M:
Umm…
a couple of years. How long have you been working here?

W: Only a few months. I moved down here for the job. There was no work for me where I came
from.

M: Where did you come from then?

W: I came from a small village called Arnside, near Lancaster a year ago.
Umm…
there was

nothing to do there, so I moved to London.

M: Do you enjoy working here in this restaurant?

W: Very much so.

Text 9

M:
I’m
sure
you’
ve noticed a lot of things that are different about our school.

W: Oh, yes. In the United States, we
don’t
have to carry a big school bag with us like you do.

M: Why is that?

W: We have a locker of our own which is a small box with a lock. We keep textbooks and our

personal things in it. I just bring a daypack to school.

M: A daypack?

W: Yes.
It’s
a small bag that you carry on your back.

M: What do you carry in it?

W: My notebooks or a few books for homework.

M:
That’s
convenient. Is there anything else
you’ve
noticed about our school?

W: Yes. I am surprised that everyone is so silent in class.

M: What do you mean?

W: Well, we usually ask questions about exams, homework or textbooks on the first day of the

school year. The teacher likes such questions.

M: So you felt it different?

W: Yes. I expected to see a lot of discussions in class because we learn that way in the United

States.

M: I see. That will be a good topic for our school newspaper for the first month of the term. Nice t
alking with you. See you around. Bye!

W: Bye!

Text 10

W: Good morning, everybody! Today for our writing class, we are glad to have Mr. Henry Stone

with us, a well-known writer in this country. He is going to share with us his writing

experiences. Now, Henry, please tell us how you find so many interesting things for your

stories?

M: Okay. I watch people a lot. I do that when I travel.
I’ve
been to many countries such as

Britain, Italy and Sweden, so I spend a lot of time at airports. While waiting for my flights, I

watch people passing by and start my imagination. For example, the other day when I was

waiting for my flight to Greece, I saw a couple. They were buying magazines at that moment.

They were not wearing business clothes but the man was carrying a suitcase. Every few

seconds the woman looked around. I wondered if someone was following them. Perhaps they

were running away
and….
You know, this reminded me of a story in the newspaper that day. A

bank clerk stole one million pounds a week before and disappeared with his wife. There was a

picture of them in the paper. The couple really looked like the thieves. Maybe I should stop

them. Just then, I saw them say goodbye to each other, and the woman walked away. Well,

sometimes I make mistakes like that. But I find things like that very useful

2008
年全国卷
I
卷高考英语听力录音原文

Text 1
M: I think it’s going to rain.

W: I guess so. The sky is dark and cloudy.
Text 2
M: Lucy is going back to China next month, Alice.
W: Oh, really.
M: And she will not take Rachel this time.
Text 3
W: I hate to say it, but Jackie
isn’t doing well in the film.

M: Well, I only think he is playing a different type of role, but my sister thinks he is still the
best.
Text 4
M: Professor Miners, could I talk to you about my paper?
W: Sure, come to my office between two to three. It’s Roo
m 340.
Text 5
W: OK, time to go home.
M: I can’t, because I haven’t finished the report about the newly opened restaurant.

W: Well, if you carry on working like that, you’ll make yourself ill.

Text 6
M: I haven’t seen you for a long time. Where have you be
en?
W: I went to New York to visit my sister and stayed there for two months. Actually, I really
went to meet my new nephew.
M: That’s great! How old is he?

W: Well, he was five months old when I got there and he could possibly be the most
beautiful baby I
’ve ever seen.

M: What do you do when you’re in your sister’s home?

W: I helped the baby and played with him a lot which was nice, but what I enjoyed most
was beating him.
Text 7
M: Air pollution is so bad in this city. I think the government should stop people from
driving cars on certain days.
W: You have a point. Air pollution is a problem, but not letting people drive on certain days
is a bad idea. People have to go to work by car.
M: I’m afraid I don’t agree with you there. Reducing air pollution is r
eally important. People
are so used to driving that they don’t think about ways to do things. If we stop them from
driving on certain days, maybe they could think of new ways to get around.
W: I see your point, but I still think it wouldn’t be possible to
stop people from driving.
Text 8
M: Let’s go and have lunch together.

W: OK.
M: By the way, I’m thinking of going to New Zealand around Christmas for three weeks.
It’s such a beautiful country. I’ve never been there before.

W: Have you booked the flight?
M
: Not yet. I’m planning to book my flight in two weeks’ time.