张绪坤2018年英语四级翻译和解析

2021年1月17日发(作者：中华人民共和国合同法全文)
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英语四级翻译：维吾尔族
维吾尔族(Uygur )是中国的一个少数民族。维吾尔族人喜欢喝奶茶，吃肉和用面粉烤制的馕(nang)。他们有自己的语言和文 字。他们的文
学具有一种独特的民族风格，其中“阿凡提的故事”(the Story of Afanti) 中国各族人民的喜爱。维吾尔族是个能歌善舞的民族，每
逢节日和婚礼，他们都会邀请 客人和他们一起跳传统民间舞蹈。他们的民歌优美动听，被广泛传唱。
参考译文：
The Uygur is a Chinese ethnic people like to drink milk tea, eat meat and nang baked with
have their own spoken and written literature is of a unique ethnic style, among which the Story of Afanti
is favored by all ethnic groups in Uygur people are good at singing and will invite guests to join
them in their traditional folk dance in festivals and wedding folk songs sound beautiful and are widely
sung.

解析：

1.第2句中的定语“用面粉烤制的”较长，可将其处理成后置定语，用分词短语baked with flour来表达，表被动。
2.在第3句中，“语言”侧重指口头的，而“文字”则侧重指书面的，故该句可译为They have their own spoken and written languages。
该句也可对应地译为 They have their own languages and characters。
3.在第4句中，“具有……风格”可用be of... style来表达;“其中……”可用among which引导的定语从句来表达，将前后两
个分句连接起来，使分句间的语义关系更加紧密。
4.倒数第2句较长，后两个分句“每逢……”和“他们都会……”之间语义联系紧密，可合译为一 个句子，第1个分句则单独另成
一句。在“维吾尔族是个能歌善舞的民族”中，“能歌善舞”的施动者是 “人”，而非“民族”,故需译为 The Uygur people are good
at...。“每逢......”作状语，可译为 in festivals and wedding ceremonies，置于句末。

英语四级翻译：茶马古道
茶马古道(Tea-horse Ancient Road)两边，生活着20多个少数 民族。不同的地方有着各自美丽而神奇的自然风景和传统文化，比 如:
大理，丽江古城，香格里拉(Shangrila),雅鲁藏布江大峡谷和布 达拉宫(Potala Palace)。古道的两旁有庙宇、岩石壁画、骚站
(post ?hous e),古桥和木板路，还有少数民族舞蹈和民族服装。时至今天，虽然这条古道的踪迹都消失了，但它的文化和历 史价值仍然
存在。
参考译文：
Along the Tea-horse Ancient Road lived more than 20 minori?ties. Concentrations of beautiful and mysterious natural
landscapes and traditional cultures developed in various sites，including Dali old city, Lijiang old city, Shangrila, Yarlung
Zangbo River Grand Canyon, Potala Palace. The road features temples, rock paintings, post houses, ancient bridges and plank
roads. It is also home to many national minorities and their dances and folk customs. Today, although the traces of the
ancient road are fading away, its cultural and historic values remain.
英语四级翻译：国画
国画是中国文化遗产的重要组成部分。不同于西方画，它是用毛笔(Chinese brush)和墨汁在宣纸(xuan paper)上作画的。精通这门艺术
需要不断重复的练习， 需要控制好毛笔，需要对宣纸和墨汁有一定的认识。绘画前，画家必须在脑海里有一个草图并根据他的想象力和< br>经验进行绘画。许多中国画家既是诗人，又是书法家。他们经常会在自己的画上亲手添加诗作。
参考翻译:
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Chinese painting is an important part of thecountry's cultural heritage. It distinguishes itselffrom Western painting
in that it is drawn on xuanpaper with the Chinese brush and Chinese ink. Toattain proficiency in this art, it is necessary
to havea good control of the brush, and certain knowledge of xuan paper and Chinese ink besidesrepeated
painting, the painter must have a draft in his mind and drawaccording to his imagination and a Chinese painter
is at the same time a poetand calligrapher who often adds a poem with his own hand on the painting.
解析：
1.不同于西方画，它是用毛笔和墨汁在宣纸上作画的:“不同于”可译为distinguish oneself from sth.,也可用bedifferent from
表示。“毛笔和墨汁”可译为the Chinesebrush and Chinese ink,此处可同用一个冠词表示整体;“用”可用介词with，表示方式。
2.精通这门艺术 需要不断重复的练习，需要控制好毛笔，需要对宣纸和墨汁有一定的认识:“精通这门艺术”可译为toatta in
proficiency in this art，attain意为“获得、获取”，pro ficiency意为“精通、熟练”。“需要控制好毛笔，需要对宣纸和墨汁有
一定的认识”，该句可 理解为“控制好毛笔和认识宣纸、墨汁也是必要的”。
英语四级翻译：论语
《论语》(The Analects of Confucius)是儒家的经典著作之一，它是对孔子及其弟子(disciple )的言行和对话的记录 。众所周知，孔
子是一位伟大的思想家和哲学家，他的思想被发展成了儒家哲学体系。《论语》是儒家思 想的代表作，数个世纪以来，《论语》一直极
大地影响着中国人的哲学观和道德观，它也影响着其他亚洲 国家人民的哲学观和道德观。
参考翻译:
The Analects of Confucius
The Analects of Confucius is one of the Confucius classics and is a record of the words and actsof Confucius and his
disciples, as well as the conversations they held. It's well- known thatConfucius is a great ideologist and philosopher,
and his thoughts have been developed into asystem of philosophy known as Confucianism. The Analects of Confucius is a
representativework of Confucianism. For centuries, it has been heavily influencing the philosophy and moraloutlook of Chinese
people and that of the people of other Asian countries as well.
解析：
1.经典著作:翻译为classics即可，简单明了。
2.儒家哲学体系:可直译为Confucian philosophy system 或者a system of philosophy known asConfucianism,只是需要注意表
意完整。
3.代表作:可译为representative work。representative为形容词，意为“典型的，有代表性的”。
4.哲学观和道德观:“观”即为“观点、看法”，所以可译为philosophy and moral outlook。
5.也影响着…道德观:由于前面的分句中已经提到了同样的内容，因而此处可以将 其省略而不再重复译出，故可译为..that of the
people of other Asian countries as well。
英语四级翻译：找工作
如今，越来越多的大学生抱怨很难找到好工作。造成这一现象的原因如下：首先，大学生把在校的大多数 时间都用在了专业学科学习上，
只有当他们开始找工作的时候，才意识到自己缺乏必要的职业培训。其次 ，大 学生之间的竞争也越来越激烈，这导致任何一名大学生找
到工作的机会都变小了。因此，强烈建议 大学生在课余时间做一些兼职工作，以积累相关的工作经验。
参考答案：
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Nowadays, more and more university students complain about having great difficulties in finding a good job. The reasons
for this phenomenon are as follows: First, college students spend most of their time at school studying academic subjects
and
it is only when they start looking for a job that they realize they lack necessary job training. Second, competition
among graduates has become more and more fierce. And this results in a decreased chance for any individual graduate to find
a job. Therefore, it is highly suggested that college students should do some part-time jobs in their spare time to accumulate
relevant working experience。
难点精析
1.抱怨很难找到好工作：翻译为complain about having great difficulties in finding a good job。其中“抱怨做某事”用句
型complain about doing sth。表示，having great difficulties in finding a good job表示“找工作有困难”，用到了句型have
difficulties in doing sth.。
2.只有当他们开始找工作的时候，才意识到自己缺乏必要的职业培训：翻译为it is only when they start looking for a job that
they realize they lack necessary job training。‘只有当 才 ’用强调句型it is only when…that…表示。
3.导致：翻译为results in,同义短语有lead to和bring about，但是表示不好的结果时一般用短语result in。
4.强烈建议：翻译为it is highly suggested that...，其中highly suggested也可以用 strongly recommended 替换，都表示“强
烈建议做某事”。
5.积累相关的工作经验：翻译为accumulate relevant working experience。
英语四级翻译：茶文化
中国是一个文化历史悠久的(time- honored )国度，也是一个礼仪(ceremony and decorum )之邦。每当客人来访 ，都需要泡茶给客人喝。
在给客人奉茶之前，你应该问问他们都喜欢喝什么类型的茶，并采用最合适的茶 具奉上。奉茶期间，主人需要仔细留意客人的茶杯里的
茶量。通常，若是用茶杯泡的茶，在茶喝完一半之 后就应该加开水，这样，茶杯就一直都是满的，茶的芳香(bouquet)也得以保留。
参考翻译:
Chinese Tea Culture
China is a country with a time-honored civilizationand also a land of ceremony and er guests visit, it
is necessary to make andserve tea to them. Before serving tea, you may askthem for their preferences as to what kind of
tea they fancy, and serve them the tea in themost appropriate teacups. In the course of serving tea, the host should take
careful note ofhow much water remains in the guests'cups. Usually, if the tea is made in a teacup, boilingwater should be
added into the cup when half of the tea in it has been consumed; and thus thecup is kept filled and the tea retains the
same bouquet.
1.一个文化历史悠久的国度：可译为a country with atime-honored civilization。核心词“国度”前的修饰语可采用with来进
行关联。
2.都需要泡茶给…：可译为 it is necessary to make andserve tea to...此处的分句中原文没有给出明确的主语，所以采用it is
necessary to do sth.这样的结构。此处如果采用增译法，可增加主语“我们”或者“主人”。
3.奉茶：指提供茶给客人，可译为serve tea。
4.在茶喝完一半之后：可译为after half of the tea in it has been consumed。此处的it指代的是cup。为了避免与前文重复，
此处可用it来进行替代。
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