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2019年12月英语四级阅读模拟题：17世纪的英国妇
女
Women’s Positions in the 17th Century
Social circumstances in Early Modern England mostly
served to repress women’s voices. Patriarchal culture and
institutions constructed them as chaste, silent, obedient,
and subordinate. At the beginning of the 17th century, the
ideology of patriarchy, political absolutism, and gender
hierarchy were reaffirmed powerfully by King James in The
Trew Law of Free Monarchie and the Basilikon Doron; by that
ideology the absolute power of God the supreme patriarch was
seen to be imaged in the absolute monarch of the state and in
the husband and father of a family. Accordingly, a woman’s
subjection, first to her father and then to her husband,
imaged the subjection of English people to their monarch, and
of all Christians to God. Also, the period saw an outpouring
of repressive or overtly misogynist sermons, tracts, and
plays, detailing women’s physical and mental defects,
spiritual evils, rebelliousness, shrewish ness, and natural
inferiority to men.
Yet some social and cultural conditions served to empower
women. During the Elizabethan era (1558—1603) the culture
was dominated by a powerful Queen, who provided an impressive
female example though she left scant cultural space for other
women. Elizabethan women writers began to produce original
texts but were occupied chiefly with translation. In the 17th
century, however, various circumstances enabled women to
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