推敲的意思英语听力入门step_by_step_3000第一册答案及原文

2021年1月18日发(作者：年末总结)
Unit 1 Part I A

1. Oxford / commitment / academic record 2. oldest/ largest
/ reputation / research / science

3. first / Australia / 150 years / excels 4. excellence
/ / location

5. largest / 1883 / situated / 26,000 6. 1636 /
enrollment / 18,500/ schools

7. awards / degrees / 20,000 8. located / 135 /
third

B

1.
2,700 languages / 7,000 dialects / regional / pronunciation

official / language

One billion / 20 percent

Four hundred million / first / 600 million / second / foreign

500,000 words / Eighty percent / other

Eighty percent / computers

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
African country / same

1,000 / Africa

spaceship / 1977 / 55 / message / the United States

8.
9.
C 1 – (a) 2 – ( c) 3 – ( d) 4 – (b )

All right, class. Today we’re going to be looking at different
language learning styles. You may be surprised to find that
there are different ways of going about learning languages,
none of which is necessarily better than the others.
Researchers have identified four basic learner “types” – the
communicative learner, the analytical learner, the
authority-oriented learner and the concrete learner.
Communicative learners like to learn by watching and listening
to native speakers. At home, they like to learn by watching TV
and videos. They like to learn new words by hearing them. In
class, they like to learn by having conversations. Now,
concrete learners like to lean by playing games, by looking at
pictures and videos in class, talking in pairs, and by listening
to cassettes at home and school. Now, authority-oriented
learners, on the other hand, like the teacher to explain
everything. They like to write everything down in their
notebook, and they like to have a textbook. They like to learn
new words by seeing them. And finally, we have analytical
learners. These learners like to learn by studying grammar. At
home, they like to learn by studying English books, and they
like to study by themselves. They like to find their own
mistakes. Now, of course, it’s unusual for a person to be
exclusively one “type” rather than another. Most of us are
mixtures of styles. What type of learner do you think you are

Part II A3

GCSE examinations students / higher education

student/ second year / high school / college general exam
/ School Certificate

sitting University Entrance Examination bachelor’s
degree: 3/ 4 years

master’s degree: another year or two doctorate: a
further 3-7 years

Well, in Britain, from the ages of five to about eleven you start
off at a primary school, and then from eleven to sixteen you
go on to a secondary school or a comprehensive school and at
sixteen you take GCSE examinations. After this, some children
take vocational courses or even start work. Others stay on at
school for another two years to take A levels. And at the age
of eighteen, after A levels, they might finish their education
or go on to a course of higher education at a college or
university, and that’s usually for three years.

Well, it depends on what state you’re in but most kids in the
United States start school at about six when they go to
elementary school and that goes from the first grade up to the
sixth grade. Some kids go to a kindergarten the year before that.
Then they go on to junior high school, that’s about eleven,
and that’s the seventh, eighth and ninth grades. And then they
go on to senior high school around age fourteen starting in the
tenth grade and finishing in the twelfth grade usually. Some
students will leave school at sixteen and they’ll start work,
but most of them stay on to graduate from high school at age
eighteen. In the first year at high school or college students
are called “freshmen”, in the second they’re called
“sophomores”, in the third year we call them “juniors” and
in the fourth year they’re called “seniors”. Now a lot of
high school graduates then go to college or university and they
do a four-year first degree course. Some of them might go to
junior college which is a two-year course.

Well, in Australia, well most states anyway, children start
their primary education at five after perhaps a brief time in
kindergarten. They will stay at primary school until they’re
about eleven, then they’ll either stay there or go to an
intermediate school for a couple of years. Then they start high
school usually twelve or thirteen, which you start in the third
form. Now, after three years at high school you sit a general
exam, some states call it School Certificate and that is a sort
of general qualification and that if a sort of general
qualification. After that you can leave school at sixteen or
you can go on and sit your University Entrance Examination,
which then gives you entrée into a university or it’s another
useful qualification, and from then on you go to various sorts
of higher education.

Education in Canada is a provincial responsibility, but schools
are administered by local school boards.

Kindergarten is for children who are four or five years old.
Children begin formal full-day schooling in Grade 1, when they
are about six years old. They must stay in school at least until
they are sixteen. However, most students continue to finish
high school. Some go to college or university. Each year of
schooling represents one grade. (The school year extends from
the beginning of September to the end of June.) Elementary
school includes kindergarten to about Grade 8. Secondary school
(or high school) may start in Grade 8, 9, or 10 and it usually
continues until Grade 12.

In Canada, students may go to university or to a community
college. If they want to learn skills for specific job, they
attend college for one or four years to get a diploma or
certificate. For example, lab technicians, child-care workers,
and hotel managers go to college. Universities offer degree
programs as well as training professions, such as law, medicine,
and teaching.

Universities offer three main levels of degrees. Students earn
a bachelor’s degree after three or four years of study. A
master’s degree can take another year or two. A doctorate may
take a further three to seven years to complete.

B1 Idioms / vocabulary / French / spelling / pronunciation

B2 1. F 2. T 3. F

I – Interviewer P – Professor

I: And now we have an interview with Professor J. T. Lingo,
Professor of Linguistics at Chimo University, who is here to
talk to us about the growing business of teaching English. Good
morning, professor Lingo.

P: Good morning.

I: I understand that teaching English is becoming “big
business” all around the world.

P: It seems that language schools are springing up everywhere.

I: Why is that

P: With the move toward a global economy, English has become
the most widely used language in the world. It is the language
of business, aviation, science and international affairs and
people find that they must learn English to compete in those
fields.

I: And do people find English an easy language to learn

P: Well, every language has something about it that other people
find difficult to learn. English is such a hodgepodge of
different languages – it’s essentially Germanic but a lot of
its vocabulary comes from French, and technical words stem from
Latin and Greek. This feature makes English fairly adaptable
– which is a good thing for a world language – but it causes
irregularity in spelling and pronunciation.

I: English spelling baffles me, too.

P: English also has the largest vocabulary. Often there are
words for the same thing, one is Anglo-Saxon and one from the
French – like “buy” which is Anglo-Saxon and “purchase”
which is from the French. The French word often has more
prestige.

I: Anglo- Saxon

P: That’s the word for Old English. The Norman Conquest in 1066
brought the French language to Britain and helped English
evolve into the English it is today.

I: Is there anything else particularly difficult about English

P: Well, the idioms in informal English pose a problem for some
students.

I: Informal English

P: As with any language, there are different varieties: slang,
colloquial. Formal, written, as well as the different dialects
– British, American and Canadian English.

I: And how is Canadian English different from American and
British

P: Canadian English is closer to American in pronunciation and
idiom. Some of our words and our spellings do reflect British
usage, however. We wouldn’t use the British term “lorry” for
truck, but we have kept the “o-u-r” spellings in words such
as “honour” and “colour”.

I: This has been very interesting. I’m afraid we’re out of
time. It has been a pleasure talking to you.

Part III University Life A1 I. Age / Foreign student
population II. 15 hrs (+2 or 3 for lab) / Discussion group:
15-20 / much smaller / informal, friendly / 2-3 hrs: 1 hr

Today I’d like to give you some idea about how life at an
American university or college might be different from the way
it is in your country. To be sure, the student body on a U. S.
campus is a pretty diverse group of people. First of all, you
will find students of all ages. Although most students start
college at around the age of 18, you will see students in their
30s and 40s and even occasionally in their 60s and 70s. Students
on a U.S. campus come from a wide variety of socioeconomic
backgrounds. Many students work at least part-time, some of
them work full-time. Many students live in dormitories on
campus, some have their own apartments usually with other
students, and others live at home. Some colleges and
universities have a very diverse student population with many
racial and ethnic minorities. Some schools have a fairly large
foreign student population. So you can see that one meets all
kinds of people on a U.S. college or university campus. Now that
you have some general idea of differences in the student
population, I’d like to talk a few minutes about what I think
an average student is and then discuss with you what a typical
class might be like.

Let’s begin my talking about an average student entering his
or her freshman year. Of course, such a person never really
exists, but still it’s convenient to talk about an “average”
student for our purposes. Foreign students are often surprised
at how poorly prepared American students are when they enter
a university. Actually, at very select schools the students are
usually very well prepared, but at less selective schools, they
may not be as well prepared as students in your country are.
Schools in the States simply admit a lot more students than is
usual in most other countries. Also, most young American
university students have not traveled in other countries and
are not very well-versed in international matters and do not
know a lot about people from other countries. Foreign students
usually find them friendly but not very well-informed about
their countries or cultures.

What kind of academic experiences will this so-called
“average” student have The average undergraduate student
takes five classes a semester and is in class for 15 hours a
week. If her or she takes a class that has a laboratory, this
will require tow or three more hours. Many introductory
undergraduate classes are given in large lectures of 100 or more
students. However, many of these classes will have small
discussion groups of 15 to 20 students that meet once a week.
In these smaller groups, a teaching assistant will lead a
discussion to help classify points in the lectures. Other kinds
of classes – for example, language classes – will be much
smaller so that students can practice language. In general,
American professors are informal and friendly with their
students, and, as much as possible, they expect and invite
participation in the form of discussion. A large amount of
reading and other work is often assigned to be done outside
class, and students are expected to take full responsibility
for completing these assignments and asking questions in class
about those areas they don’t understand. As a rule of thumb,
students spend two to three hours preparing for each hour they
spend in class. American professors often encourage their
students to visit them during office hours, especially if the
students are having problems in the class.

A2 II. Examinations / quizzes

III. Graduate school / Seminars / some area of interest / a
research paper

Let’s move on now to discuss student obligations in a typical
American class. These obligations are usually set down in the
course syllabus. A syllabus is generally handed out to students
on the first or second class meeting. A good syllabus will give
students a course outline that mentions all the topics to be
covered in class. It will also contain all the assignments and
the dates they should be completed by. An average university
course of one semester might have three examinations or two
examinations and a paper. The dates of the examinations and what
the examinations will cover should be on the syllabus. If a
paper id required, the date it is due should also be in the
syllabus. The professor may also decide that he or she will be
giving quizzes during the semester, either announced or
unannounced. For students coming from a system where there is
one examination in each subject at the end of the year, all this
testing can be a little surprising at first. By the by, maybe
this would be a good place for me to mention the issue of
attendance. Another real difference in our system is out
attendance policies. Perhaps you come from a system where
attendance is optional. Generally speaking, American
professors expect regular attendance and may even grade you
down if you are absent a lot. All this information should be
on your syllabus, along with the professor’s office number and
office hours.

I have only a couple of hours left, and I’d like to use them
to talk about how graduate school is somewhat different from
undergraduate school. Of course, it’s much more difficult to
enter graduate school, and most students are highly qualified
and high motivated. Students in graduate school are expected
to do much more independent work than those in undergraduate
schools, with regularly scheduled exams, etc. some classes will
be conducted as seminars. In a seminar class, there may be no
exams, but students are expected to read rather widely on topics
and be prepared for thorough discussion of them in class.
Another possibility in graduate classes is that in addition to
readings done by all students, each student may also be expected
to work independently in some area of interest and later make
a presentation that summarizes what her or she has learned.
Usually each student then goes on to write a paper on what he
or she has researched to turn in to the professor for a grade.

I hope that today’s lecture has given you some idea about
student life on an American campus and that you have noticed
some difference between our system and yours.

B2 to make mistakes / every new thing / the language/ Working
outside the classroom

Passive / the teach / stick his neck out / more likely to be
right than himself

How would you describe a good student or a bad student, sort
of things they do or don’t do in the classroom

He’s eager to experiment with every new thing that he learns,
whether it be a structure of a function or a new word, he
immediately starts trying to use it.

He’s interested in the mistakes he makes, he’s not afraid to
make them.

He’s not simply interested in having it corrected and moving
on

He plays with language.

I’ve done this chapter I know this, without trying to
experiment at all, without really testing himself.

He’s usually passive, he won’t speak up much in the classroom.
He’ll rarely ask you why this …

Just sort of accepts what you give him and doesn’t do anything
more with it.

… and in a test he’s the one person who’s likely to suddenly
realize that he wasn’t too sure about that after all.

And peep over at his neighbor’s paper.

An alternative learning strategy.

He invariably decides that the other person is more likely to
be right than himself. That’s the result of this sort of
unwillingness to make mistakes and stick his neck out.

That characterizes the good or bad learner

He’ll do more off his own bat as well, he won’t rely entirely
on the teacher.

He’ll work outside the classroom as well as in it.

Students who make most progress are first of all those who
experiment and secondly those who read books.

Part IV University Campus A

2. the History Department 3. the Psychology Department
4. the Library

5. the Education Department 6. the Philosophy Department 7.
the Geography Department

8. the Sports Ground 9. the Foreign Languages Department 10.
the Chinese Department

11. the Physics Department 12. the Mathematics Department
13. the Chemistry Department

14. the Clinic 15. the Auditorium 16. the Administration
Building

Look at the map. At the bottom of the page, fine the gate (1).
Now locate 16. It is between the river and the lake, close to
the Main Road. The building behind the Administration is 15.
Where is 4 It’s on the right-hand side of the Main Road, close
to the river. Across the Main road from the Library, the
building by the river is 5. The first building on the left-hand
side of the Main Road is 7. 6 is between the Education and the
Geography. The building at the end of the Main Road is 12. on
its left is 11 and on its right, near the lake, is 13. Another
building behind the like is 14. 10 is facing the lake, across
the Main Road. The building between the Chinese Department and
the river is 9. 2 is the first building on the right of the Main
Road. Next to the History Department is 3. And last, 8 is behind
the Education, Philosophy and Geography Departments.

B Robert Martin / biology / next fall / six years in a public
school in the hometown; two years in a military school, high
school in the hometown / science (biology in particular),
sports

So I had to earn a little money to help pay my way.

It sounds as if you’re a pretty responsible fellow. I see that
you attended two grade schools.

I don’t find a transcript among your papers.

But it’s hard to keep up with both sports and studies.

I’ll hold your application until we get the transcript.

What did your guidance counselor tell you

He told me I had a real knack for scientific things. I have been
fascinated with science since I was a child. An interest of
that kind really signifies something.


Unit 2 Colorful lands, colorful people

16,998,000 / 64,186,300/ 840,000 / 1,000,000 / 3,320,000 /
143,244 / 32,483 / 2,966,000 / 5,105,700 / 29,028 / -1,312 /
5,315 / 36,198 / 4,145 /

The biggest continent in the world is Asia. It covers 16,998,000
square miles.

The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean with 64,186,300 square
miles.

Which is the biggest island It’s Greenland. It occupies an area
of 840,000 square miles.

The Arabia Peninsula is the largest peninsula and has an area
of 1, 000,000 square miles.

Do you know which is the largest desert Yes, it’s the Sahara
Desert in North Africa. It covers 3,320,000 square miles.

The biggest saltwater lake is the Caspian Sea, which is 143,244
square miles large.

Lake Superior is the biggest fresh water lake and it covers a
total area of 32,483 square miles.

The smallest continent is Oceania, with an area of 2,966,000
square miles, and the smallest ocean is the Arctic Ocean with
5,105,700 square miles.

You all know the world’s highest peak, don’t you Mt.
Qomolangma (or Mt. Everest) is 29,028 feet above sea level. In
contrast, the lowest altitude in the world is the Dead Sea,
1,312 feet below sea level, or you can say -1,312 feet.

The deepest lake is Baykal in Russia. The depth is 5,315 feet.

Mariana Trench near the Philippines is the deepest oceanic
trench, with a depth of 36, 198 feet.

The longest river in the world is the Nile in Africa. It is 4,
145 miles long.

B

1,243,738,000 / 955,220,000 / 267,901,000 / 199,867,000 /
159,884,000 / 147,105,000 / 138,150,000 / 125,638,000 /
122,013,000 / 118,369,000 / 96,400,000 / 82,071,000

1.
The country with the largest population in the world is China.
According to the 1997 census, the total population was
1,243,738,000.

2.
The second largest in population is India. It listed a
population of 955,220,000 in 1997.

3.
And the third largest is the United States, with its
estimated population of 267,901,000 in 1997.

4.
Which country is the fourth largest in population It’s
Indonesia. About 199,867,000 people live there.

5.
Brazil ranks the fifth in its population. There the
population was 159,884,000.

6.
Next comes the Russian Federation, with a population of
147,105,000.

7.
The seventh in line is Pakistan, with an estimated population
of 138,150,000.

8.
Japan is the country with the eighth largest population. Its
population estimated in 1997 reached 125,638,000.

9.
The next larges country in population is Bangladesh. The
estimated population was 122,013,000 in 1997.

10.
Nigeria in Africa ranks the tenth in its population. There
are about 118,369,000 people living there.

11.
The eleventh Mexico. According to statistics, its population
was 96, 400, 000 in 1997.

12.
And last, the twelfth larges is Germany. Its 1997 census
showed it had a population of 82,071,000.

C

Chinese 1,300 million / Spanish 332 million /English 322
million / 189 million / 182 million / 170 million / Russian
170 million / Japanese 125 million / German 98 million /
million / Korean 75 million / French 72 million / Vietnamese
67 million / 66 million / 64 million / 63 million / Turkish
59 million / 58 million / 44 million / Polish 44 million /
Arabic million / 41 million

Do you know which languages are spoken by more than 40
million people

Chinese has the largest number of speakers, more than
1,300 million. Next, Spanish is spoken by 332 million people.
The next on the line is English, which has more than 322 million
speakers. Number 4, Bengali is spoken by 189 million people.
Next comes Hindi, the language spoken chiefly in India, which
has 182 million speakers. Portuguese and Russian are next on
the line and they are both spoken by 170 million people. Number
8, Japanese is spoken by 125 million. Next, German has 98
million speakers, while Javanese has million. We have Korean
on the list with 75 million, and it is followed by French, which
is spoken by 72 million. Number 13, Vietnamese is spoken by 67
million and Telugu is spoken by 66 million. Next, we have
Marathi on the list and it has 64 million speakers. Marathi is
followed by Tamil, with 63 million speakers. Next comes Turkish,
the language spoken in Turkey, and it has 59 million speakers.
Number 18, Urdu is spoken by 58 million people. Gujarati has
44 million speakers, and Polish is also spoken by 44 million
people. Number 21, which million people speak, is Arabic and
last, the number of people who speak Ukrainian is 41 million.

Part II

1.
A baby boy

social/ ecological/ populations

longer/ healthier

2.
3.
A baby boy born in Bosnia-Herzegovina overnight has
officially been named the world’s six billionth inhabitant.

Although several other babies are likely to have been born
at the same time elsewhere in the world, the United Nations had
declared that the first child to be delivered at the Kosovo
Hospital in Sarajevo today would symbolize the passing of the
mark.

The U Secretary General is visiting the mother and her son
as a UN attempt to draw attention to the social and ecological
problems of rapidly expanding populations

The boy who came into the world a short time ago in Bosnia
to such international acclaim will be sharing a birthday with
a few hundred thousand people and in the next year another
eighty million will be joining him on the planet. The earth’s
population has doubled since 1960 and with more than a billion
young people just entering their productive years. The
population growth has plenty of momentum. But birth control
programs are beginning to have an impact. Demographers predict
that by the middle of the new century the global count will level
off at something under ten billion. The UN population agency
has presented today’s achievement as a success for humanity,
pointing out that people are living longer and healthier lives
than any generation in the history.

B b c a

The boy will be sharing a birthday with a few hundred thousand
people and in the next year, another eighty million will be
joining him on the planet.

The earth’s population has doubled since 1960 and with more
than a billion young people just entering their productive
years.

Demographers predict that by the middle of the new century, the
global count will level off at something under ten billion.

Part III A

water/ 70% red or brown/ plant cover snow/
continents islands arms of the ocean connecting
a channel valleys plains

B 12 million / 2/ 10 million/ 10/ 3/ 6/ 4/16 million/ 18
million

1. Mexico City 2. Sao Paulo 3. Rio de Janeiro
4. Bombay

5. Delhi 6. Shanghia 7. Seoul

I-Interview E-Expert

I: In Britain we are often told that people are leaving the big
cities to live in the countryside but is this the case worldwide

E: Not at all. If you look at the biggest cities in 1950, seven
out of the top ten were in the developed countries but by the
year 2000, the developing countries will have eight out of the
top ten. New York, which in 1950 was number one with a population
of around 12 million, will only be the sixth largest city in
the world but with an extra 2 million.

I: And London

E: London, which was number two, won’t even be in the top ten.
Its population in 1950, by the way, was about 10 million.

I: And why is this happening Why are people moving to the big
cities from the country in the developing countries

E: The reasons are complex but many are moving to look for work.
And the problems this creates are enormous. It’s estimated
that 26 million people will be living in Mexico City by the year
2000, with Sao Paulo in Brazil not far behind.

I: It’s difficult to believe.

E: I know. Rio de Janeiro will have a population of a mere 13
million. Well, just imagine the kinds of difficulties this is
going to cause in terms of health, transport and education.

I: Yes. What about the cities of Asia Will they be experiencing
a similar sort of growth

E: In some cases, yes. Calcutta in India which was No. 10 in
the league in 1950 is expected to be the fourth biggest city
in the world with a population of 16 million- quadrupling its
size in just 50 years. Bombay and Delhi too are expected to be
in the top ten.

I: What about Japan

E: Ah! Well, Tokyo was number three in 1950 and that’s where
it’ll be at the beginning of the next century, although its
population will have trebled to about 18 million. Looking at
the other major cities in Asia, Shanghai and Seoul will be in
the top ten as well but, perhaps surprisingly, not Beijing or
Hong Kong.

I: Now, if we could turn our attention to home, what about the
trend of people moving out of the cities…

Part IV skills /the main idea/what/recognize/central /
important/direction/ purpose/inform/compare/answer/stated/a
topic sentence/ first/ details/ difficult/ persuade/ end/
implied/ hinted at/a whole


Unit 3 Traveling from Place to Place Part Ⅰ A

BA912/11:20/17 BA877/11:20/14 BA292/11:25/19
TW695/11:30/16 4 EA831/11:35/24

BA838/9 IB290/11:35/15 LH039/11:40/9 BA666/11:40/18
AI141/6 BA560/22

Last call for British airways flight BA912 for Tokyo. BA912
for Tokyo due to depart at 11:20 boarding at gate 17.

British airways flight BA877 to Boston. British airways flight
BA877 to Boston duo to depart at 11:20 boarding now at gate 14.

British airways flight BA292 for Frankfurt, Athens and
Karachi. Flight BA292 for Frankfurt, Athens and Karachi duo to
depart at 11:25 now board at gate 19.

TWA flight, TW695to New York. TWA flight TW695 to New York
departing at 11:30 boarding at gate 16.

B Tea, soft drinks, coffee, Egg and tomato, ham and tomato,
egg and chips, roast chicken, cheeseburgers

Tape script:

Chief Steward: may I have your attention please, ladies and
gentlemen This is the chief steward speaking. We would like to
inform all passengers that the buffet car is now open. The
buffet car is situated towards the middle of the train. On sale
are tea, coffee and soft drinks, a selection of fresh and
toasted sandwiches including egg and tomato, ham and tomato,
egg and cress, roast chicken and toasted cheese; cheeseburgers,
beef burgers and sausages and a licensed bar. The buffet car
is situated towards the middle of the train. Thank you.


Part Ⅱ

9:15/10:30 10:30/13:30

Quick/beautiful view /frequent service
(hourly)/modern/comfortable/lovely view from dining car

Have to get Gatwick airport/ expensive quite crowded/quite
expensive

A-Annabel C-Charles D-Douglas

D: Ah! That’s much better!

C: Ah! That’s yours, I think…er…Doug.

D: Thank you very much, Charles.

C: Right. You have a good journey then, Douglas

D: Yes I did, I did. I must say the plane was marvelous,
marvelous.

C: Very quick, then

D: Er…the plane journey was terrifically quick…er…I mean,
you…er…what…you met me about 9…er…what…er…10…10:45.

C: About 10:30.

D: Yes, the plane got in at…er…10:30 and we left at 9:15.

C: What time didi you have to start though in the morning

D: Well, that…er…that wa a different story, because I had to
get to Victoria…um…at…you know, to get to Gatwick and
it’s…er…from…er…Victoria to Gatwick three quarters of
an hour. Then I had to leave home at 7:30 and get up at 6:30.

C: Oh, gracious me!

D: So I’m not sure if you save much really.

C: Jet travel, my goodness me! It was worth the experience,
though

D: Oh, I mean, you know, I’ve never flown across the south of
England and it really looked absolutely fantastic,
especially as we approach…approached Plymouth, you know,
with this sunshine and it looked really
marvelous…marvelous.

C: Well, when you come up next time, would you be coming the
same way

D: Oh, t don’t think so. I don’t…to be honest…hallo, isn’t
that…Annabel!

C: Oh it is. It’s Annabel!

D: Over here, over here!

A: Hallo!

C: Nice to see you, my dear.

A: Hallo there, how are you

C: Want a drink, my dear

A: Yes, please.

C: Right, I’ll..er…fix them. You had a good journey

A: Yes, I had a lovely time, I came by train…er…it was…er…

C: What time did you start then

A: Oh, about 10:30 I think. Got here about 1:30. so it’s
only…what …three hours. Very quick.

C: Very good. Douglas came up by plane!

A: Oh, how fancy! Well, this was …er…this was a nice train,
you know, very modern and comfortable. And of course loads
of trans-about every hour I think.

C: Oh, great. Did you get something to eat on the train

A: Yes thanks, yes. Had a nice lunch. Oh, it’s wonderful, you
can sit there drinking your soup and watching the view go
by. I like it…

D: I bet it’s a …it’s a hell of a lot of cheaper than the
plane.

A: Well, actually, I thought it was quite expensive…um…unless
you’ve got, you know, a student card or something.

D: Oh, those days are long gone!

A: But it was quite…quite…crowded. I was…I was glad I’d
booked a seat, you know.

D: Yes, yes

Part Ⅲ A

and 1single/1double and 1 big bedroom with 2single beds and
a sofa 3/1full bathroom

3 (kitchen, dining room, sitting- room)/2kitchen,
living-sitting room √/×

√(six days a week)/× ￡80 for a fiesta/ ￡ 98 for
a fiesta √/√

￡570/￡270

B b. terrace/ sea view d. swimming-pool

Conversation 1

T- Travel agent C1-customer 1 (Telephone
ringing)

T: Hello, villa rentals, can t help you

C1: Oh, hello. I do hope so. You see my husband and I are looking
for a holiday villa and we’ve heard that you have some nice
places in Italy, Iniscia.

T: Oh yes, madam. We’ve got several villas on offer in Iniscia.
How many people would there be in your party

C1: Well, it’s just the family. You know, my husband and …the
three children.

T: A party of five then, yes. And er…when would you want to
be there

C1: When Erm… oh well, it would have to be in September.

T: In September. for how many weeks

C1: For two actually, the first two in September.

T: The first two in September. Oh, well, we’ve only got one
place free then, madam. Oh, but it’s a very beautiful one,
the villa Delmonti. C1: And it’s nice, is it

T: Oh, it’s an absolute dream, madam. It’s set on a hilltop
with a big garden and beautiful view out over the sea towards
Naples. C1: It sounds as if you’ve been there.

T: Yes, for a couple of days last October on an inspection tour.
And I fell in love with it at first sight. C1: Er,
how many rooms has it got

T: Well, on the ground floor there are two double bedrooms,
both of them beautifully decorated, a single bedroom and
all three have their own bathroom and toilet facilities.
Then still on the ground floor there’s a large kitchen,
a large dining room and a very big outside terrace. And then
upstairs it’s got a very large sitting- room with windows
all around and a back garden with a big swimming pool.

C1: Mm, it dose sound nice, yes. There is a maid or cleaner or
something, is there

T: Oh, yes, madam, six days a week.

C1: Oh, well, I dare say we can manage for the seventh. Em…
what about distances Is it far from the town and all that
Do you think we’d need a car

T: Actually we do normally advise people to hire a car.

C1: And how much would a smallish car cost

T: Oh well for a …

C1: You know, for a metro or a Renault five or a ford fiesta,
nothing grand.

T: Ah, for a fiesta, it would be about ￡80 a week.

C1: And for the house for those two weeks

T: For the period of September 4
th
till the 17
th
inclusive, it
would cost, mm, you’re five people, let me see, um, ￡570
per person for the two weeks, including the return airfare.

C1: Mm, well, it would be worse. Yes well, I’d really like to
see some photographs of this place or something. Can you
arrange that

T: Oh, of course, madam. We’ve got a video of it, so any time
you care to come in, you could see it.

C1: Oh, right. I’ll be in this afternoon. Thank you for your
help.

T: Don’t mention it, Madam. I’ll look forward to seeing you.

C1: Good-bye. T: Bye.

Conversation 2

T- Travel agent C2-customer 2

(Telephone ringing)

T: Hello, villa rentals. Can I help you

C2: Oh, hello. Em…I…I…I’m just calling because I’ve,
er…I’ve just seen your advert about apartments and villas for
rent. And erm…what …could you tell me more about them please

T: Of course, madam. But could you tell me something about what
you’re looking for And…where’d you like to go How many
bedrooms you would need and so on

C2: Ah, yes, well, erm. There’ll be the five of us. I mean,
er, my husband and I and the two kids and my mother because she
lost dad last year and it’s her first year without.

T: Fine, I see. And would you want a house or an apartment

C2: Well, we’d like a house of course, if we can afford one,
but I…

T: And whereabouts Did you have any particular place in mind

C2: Well, we wanted the Mediterranean, like Spain. Actually we
thought of Minorca.

T: Well, we’ve got some lovely places in Minorca, madam.
C2: Oh!

T: For five you said C2: Uh- huh.

T: And when would you want to be there

C2: Well, it would have to be in august because we are both off
work then and it’s the school holidays, too. T: Well,
how about this

C2: Uh-huh T: Minorca, adia. Oh, that’s a beautiful
place. C2: Oh.

T: A little fishing village. A house for five for two weeks
in august from august 5
th
to august 18
th
inclusive (
uh-huh
)
per person, ￡270 including return flight from Gatwick.

C2: Oh! Well, that’s not bad. Ho…how many rooms has it got

T: One double bedroom, then a big bedroom with two single beds
and a sofa, you know, a convertible divan downstairs, full
bathroom, kitchen and a large living-sitting room, and a
beautiful terrace with a sea view.

C2: Oh! Have you got any photographs of it

T: Yes! Actually we’ve got a video of it. So if you’d like
to come into the agency…

C2: Yes, I would. In fact I’ll drop in this afternoon. Mm, when
are you open until

T: We close at eight tonight, madam.

C2: Right. I’ll be in about six, I expect. Oh, um, just one
more thing. To hire a car on the island, how much would it
cost, you know, for…for a smallish one

T: Well, for a fiesta. It would cost you ￡98 a week.

C2: Phew! Well, it’s probably worth it if you’re five. Well,
I’ll… I’ll be in this afternoon then. Er, see you then.
Er, bye-bye. Oh, and er, thanks.

T: Not at all, madam. Bye.


Unit 4 Approaching Culture

Part I Section A

1. Argentina

Woman: This is interesting. Did you know that in Argentina you
should never give clothing unless

you know the person really well

Man: Don't give clothing Why not

Woman: Clothing ---- even things like ties ----- are too
personal. Only good friends give them.

Man: Huh I never thought of a tie as being personal ... Just
uncomfortable. What should you

bring

Woman: I don't know. Maybe something for the house.

2. Switzerland

Man: We're meeting Mr Mertz and his wife for dinner. Maybe I
should bring flowers or

something. ... Yeah, I'll pick up some red roses.

Woman: You don't want to bring roses. In Switzerland, they could
be a symbol of love and

romance.

Man: Oh, I didn't know that.

Woman: I think candy or chocolate might be better.

3. Italy

Woman: I'd like some flowers. Uh ... Those. About ten, I guess.

Man: Ma'am, I don't think you should give ten flowers. In
Italy, even numbers ---- 2, 4, 6, and

so on ---- are bad luck.

4. Japan

Woman: May I help you

Man: I'm going to stay with a family in Japan. I need to get
something for them.

Woman: Pen sets are always a good gift.

Man: Oh, that's a good idea. Let's see ... There are sets with
a pen and pencil ... And bigger sets

with four pens.

Woman: Don't give a set of four pens ---- in fact, don't give
four of anything. It's bad luck. The

Japanese word for sounds like the word for


Man: Thanks for telling me. I'll take the pen and pencil set.

Woman: Good choice. These sets make very good gifts. After all,
pens write in any language.

Man: Uh ... Yeah. Right.

Part I Section B

1. A bow Around the world, there are many different ways to
greet people. Bowing is the traditional way of greeting in
Northeast Asian countries like Korea and Japan. This picture,
for example, shows how Japanese women bow. In Japan, when you
bow, you don't look directly at the other person's eyes. But
in Korea, it's important to see the other person's face when
you bow. In both countries, people bow to show respect.

2. A hug When good friends meet in Russia, they often hug
each other. This is true for both women and men. Russia isn't
the only place where friends hug. In Brazil, for example,
friends also hug each other in greeting. In Brazil, the hug is
called an abraco.

3. A strong, short handshake You know how to shake hands.
This is common in many countries. But it isn't always done the
same way. In the United States and Canada, for example, people
usually give a strong, short handshake. It's short but rather
firm.

4. A softer, longer handshake In many other countries,
people also shake hands. But they do it differently from in the
U.S. and Canada. In Mexico and in Egypt, for example, many
people ---- especially men ---- shake hands. Mexican and
Egyptian handshakes usually last a little longer. The handshake
is softer ---- not as strong.

Part I Section C

The word
Originally holidays were holy or religious days. Nowadays
holidays include national, seasonal and historical days of
celebration. Here are some traditional holidays in some
countries.

● February 14 is Valentine's Day. It is observed in some
European and North American countries. People send cars or
gifts expressing love and affection sometimes anonymously to
their sweethearts or friends.

● Feast of Dolls in Japan falls on March 2. It is observed
there in honor of girls.

● Feast of Banners in Japan is on May 5. It is observed
in honor of boys.

● May 5 is Dragon Boat Festival in China and is held
according to the Chinese Lunar Calendar. People eat rice cakes
and hold dragon boat races to commemorate the ancient scholar
---- statesman Qu Yuan.

● August 15 is Mid-Autumn Festival in China. It is held
according to the Chinese Lunar Calendar. People eat moon cakes
while looking at the bright full moon.

● April Fools’ Day is on April 1. In some European
countries and in North America, people play practical jokes or
tricks on each other and those unsuspecting victims are called
April fools.

● July 14 is Bastille Day. It is an annual holiday in France
to commemorate the fall of the Bastille.

● December 26 is Boxing Day in Britain, Canada, and the
U. S. It is observed as a holiday from the custom of giving
Christmas boxes to the tradesmen and staff on this day.

● May Day, known as International Labor Day, is a public
holiday in many European countries, the Canal Zone, Philippine
islands, and the Latin American countries. It falls on May 1,
and is celebrated especially by the working people.

● November 25 is Saint Catherine's Day. The French
celebrate this playful holiday in honor of Saint Catherine, the
patroness of spinsters, or unmarried women. The day is observed
mainly by the Parisian sewing girls who are over 25 and
unmarried. It is a day for fun, parades, dances, and receptions.

● March 17 is Saint Patrick's Day. This is Ireland's
greatest national holiday. The date marks the anniversary of
the death of the missionary who became the patron saint of
Ireland. Green is the color of the day.

● Mother's Day is a movable holiday. It falls on the 2
nd

Sunday in May. Mother's Day was founded by missing Anna M.
Jarvis of Philadelphia. It is now observed in countries all
around the world, including England, France, Sweden, Denmark,
India, china, and Mexico.

Part II Section A A1 1. changed/ few / bored / rainy
2. museum directors / what they are seeing 3. Provide fun
/ feel at home

A2 electricity / pass / body 17
th
century
instruments / music

put on costumes / Stockholm Opera bone-by-bone
reproduction / stegosaurus

A3 I. new audiences / the young / the less educated members

II. rebuilt / modern / lighting, color and sound / fewer
objects

III. guided / touch, listen, operate, and experiment
/scientific principles IV. film / dance

Museums have changed. They are no longer places for the
privileged few or for bored vacationers to visit on rainy days.

At a science museum in Ontario, Canada, you can feel your
hair stand on end as harmless electricity passes through your
body. At the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, you
can look at 17
th
century instruments while listening to their
music. At the Modern Museum in Sweden, you can put on costumes
provided by the Stockholm Opera. At New York's American Museum
of natural History recently, you can have helped make a
bone-by-bone reproduction of the museum's stegosaurus, a beast
that lived 200 million years ago.

As these examples show, museums are reaching out to new
audiences, particularly the young, the poor, and the less
educated members of the population. As a result, attendance is
interesting.

Many museums have changed in appearance. Some of the old,
gray museums have been rebuilt, and the newer ones are open and
modern in their architecture. Inside, there is modern lighting,
color, and sound. Instead of displaying everything they own,
museum directors show fewer objects and leave open spaces where
visitor can gather and sit down. They also bring together in
one display a group of objects drawn from various parts of the
museum in an effort to represent the whole lifestyle of region
or a historical period. In one room, for instance, you may find
materials, clothing, tools, cooking pots, furniture, and art
works of a particular place and time.

More and more museum directors are realizing that people
learn best when they can somehow become part of what they are
seeing. In many science museums, for example, there are no
guided tours. The visitor is encouraged to touch, listen,
operate, and experiment so as to discover scientific principles
for himself. He can have the experience of operating a spaceship
or a computer. He can experiment with glass blowing and
papermaking. The purpose is not only to provide fun but also
to help people feel at home in the world of science. The theory
is that people who do not understand science will probably fear
it, and those who fear science will not use it to the best
advantage.
Many museums now provide educational services and
children's department. In addition to the usual displays, they
also offer film showings and dance programs. Instead of being
places that one

Part II Section B

● Well, i had quite an amusing time in Greece on one holiday
because i confused the words for morningwhich is

days I was going around smiling broadly at people, saying

me as if I was totally crazy until someone pointed it out.

● I was in France on holiday, staying in a friend's cottage
and one day we decided to go for a trip on the river. So we went
along to a place on the river where you could hire canoes. And
a friend, who prided himself on being rather good at speaking
French, went in to hire the canoes; we decided we needed three,
so he asked for canneurswhich he thought was the French
for
on the river; we came back. And Stephen went in to return the
canoes and collect the deposit he's paid on them. And as he
walked in the door, they said Ah, hello Mr Troiscanneurs ...


Part II Section C C1 vendors / fortune / eating / street
performers / portrait painting

C2 1. a. special powders / attract men b. objects for snake
bites

2. shells / on a cloth / the way they land 3. round cakes /
bean flour / hot spices / fried

4. a. folk singers / guitars b. classical musicians c.
actors 5. practice drawing and painting

F -- friend C -- Cathy

F: Hi, Cathy! Welcome back. How was your trip to Brazil

C: Oh, I loved every minute of it! Brazil is so different from
any place I've ever been to, and there's so much to see there.

F: Yeah Well, how's it different

C: Well, you can find all sorts of street vendors in the cities.
I went to some street markets where they sold really unusual
things, like special powders that attract men ... Or objects
to cure snake bites. F: Wow!

C: And in one city I went to, I got my fortune told on the street.
F: Oh, yeah

C: Yeah! The fortune- tellers use shells to tell your fortune.
They throw the shells on a cloth, and the way they land tells
about your future. F: Huh! I've never heard of that
before.

C: Mmm, but my favorite street activity was eating! In Bahia,
you can buy these round cakes made of bean flour and filled with
hot spices. They're fried ad they're delicious. They're a
specialty there.

F: Well, that sounds great. You know, I remember that when I
went to France two years ago, I saw some pretty unusual things
on the city streets, too. C: Really Like what

F: Well, in Paris, you could watch all kinds of street