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小升初英语基本语法与练习三 形容词、副词
知识要点
1)英语中 大多数形容词、副词是可以分等级的,一般有三个等级:原级,比较级和最高
级。形容词、副词的本来形 式就是形容词的原级。如:John is a tall boy.两者间进行比较用到
形容词比较级。如:Jim is taller than John.三者或者三者以上进行比较用形容词的最高级。
Mike is the tallest of the three boys.(形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the)
2).形容词、副词比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化
规则变化
①单音节或双音节的形容词(或副词)比较级+er最高级+est small-smaller-smallest
等
②以e结尾的词,比较级+r,最高级+st即可nice-nicer-nicest
③以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i+er或est easy-easier-easiest
④双写最后一个辅音字母+er或est hot-hotter-hottest
⑥ 一些双音节及多音节形容词或副词前要加more和most,如:
difficult---more difficult---most difficult
不规则变化:
good/well-better-best,bad-worse-worst many/much-more-most little-less-
least
far-further -furthest(表示程度) far-farther-farthest(表示远近) old-older-
oldest(表新旧) old-elder-eldest(表兄弟姊妹之间的长幼)
3).比较级前的修饰词:a little, a lot, much, even; far; still
4)形容词、副词比较级的特殊用法
①形容词/副词比较级+than+ any other+单数名词(+介词短语)表示比同一范围的任何
一个人/物都……,含义是最……。
例如,Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.
= Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class. = Mike gets to school
earlier than the other students in his class. = Mike gets to school earliest in his class.注意:Mike
gets to school earlier than any student in Tom's class.
②形容词比较级+of the two+……表示是两者中较…的。
如,Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two.
③比较级+and+比较级表示越来越……。He is getting taller and taller.
④比较级,the+比较级表示越…,越…,。The more careful you are,the fewer
mistakes you'll make
5).最高级常用句型结构
①主语+be+ the+形容词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语表示……是……中最……的。
如,Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.
②主语+be+ one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语表示…是……中最……之
一。
如,Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.
③序数词+最高级
Hainan Island is the second largest island in China.
练习:
I.写出所给词的反义词。
________ ___________
2. white________ 7. longer__________
3. big__________ 8. thinner_________
4. left_________ 9. far_____________
_________ 10. light__________
II. 用所给词的正确形式填空。
1. Maria is ________(thin). Lucy is __________(thin) than Mary.
2. Mike is ____________________(heavy) boy in his class.
3. Tom is as_________ ( tall) as Jim.
4. I am much _________( well) than yesterday.
5. This skirt is ___________________( expensive) of the three.
6. The weather today is ___________(hot) than it was yesterday.
7). Lucy writes __________________(careful) than her brother.
8)Today is ___________(busy) day this week.
9)That is ___ (easy ) of all.
10). He is ____ (clever ) boy in the class.
11). John is _____ ( short ) than Tom.
12). This box is ____ ( heavy ) than that one.
III、根据所给汉语完成句子
1. _____ ____exercise you take, _____ _____ (你锻炼越多就会越强壮) you will be.
2. Who jumped _______ (最远) of all in the long jump?
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