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南华大学是几本基础英语语法大全_附练习题

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来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-01-18 20:15
tags:练习题, 英语学习, 外语学习

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2021年1月18日发(作者:初一英语试题)

专业.专注
学习参考
基础英语语法大全
Con tents
第一章名词
1. 名词的数
2. 名词的格
第二章代词
1. 人称代词
2. 物主代词
第三章冠词与数词
1.
冠词
2.
数词
第四章一般现在时态
第五章 现在进行时态
第六章句型
1. 陈述句



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2. 疑问句
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3.
4.
祈使句
There be 句型与 have' has
第七章总结考试
第一章名词 (
Noun

名词的概念
在生活中,我们会接触到各种各样的人和事物 ,用来表示这些人或事物名称的词就是名词 。
一、名词的数
名词的数指名词的单数和复数形式 。可数名词表示一个”时用单数,两个以上”时用复数;不可数
名词表示量时,通常用 数词+单位+of+物质名词的形式,女口 a piece of bread ( 一片面包),变为
复数时,只须将单位名词变为复数 ,如如: two pieces of bread( 两片面包


*名词复数的构成法则
1. 一般情况下在词尾加
shop --- shops ( 商店)
bag --- bags ( 书包)
window --- windows ( 窗户

2.以s, x, sh, ch
s. 词尾读音
在清辅音后读[s ]
在浊辅音后读[z ]
在兀音后读[z ]

结尾的单词在词尾加 es。

class --- classes ( 班级) 词尾读音[iz ]
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box --- boxes ( 盒子)
match --- matches (
比赛

brush --- brushes (
刷子

3.以 辅音字母+y ”结尾的词, 变y为i加es.
story --- stories ( 故事) 词尾读音[iz ]
4.以元音字母+y ”结尾的词,在词尾直接加 s
key ___ keys
词尾读音[z ]
mon key --- mon keys
5.以o”结尾的名词,复数一般在词尾加 S ”

但个别加 es”
tomato --- tomatoes (_ 西红柿) 词尾读音[z ]
potato --- potatoes (_
.土豆

zoo --- zoos ( 动物园)
photo --- photos (
照片

* (以o”结尾,复数加 es”)口诀:
黑人(Negro)英雄(hero),左手拿 着西红柿(tomato),右手拿着破土豆
头顶一个大芒果 (mango )。
6.
以f或fe结尾的词,多数变f或fe为ves.
leaf --- leaves ( 树叶) 词尾读音[VZ ]
knife --- knives ( 小刀)
学习参考
potato)










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* (以f或fe结尾的单词,需把f或fe变ves的单词)口诀:
妻子

wife )持刀

knife )去宰狼

wolf),小偷

thief )吓得发了慌,躲在架下

shelf)保己 命,半
(half)片树叶(leaf)遮目光。
* (以f或fe结尾的单词,直接加 S”的单词)口诀:
长颈鹿

giraffe)站在屋檐(roof)下,左手拿着 手绢

handkerchief),右手拿着高尔夫球(golf)
例:roof --- roofs ( 屋顶

7.
不规则名词复数的变化
man --- men ( 男人) tooth ---teeth ( 牙齿)
child --- childre n ( 儿童) mouse --- mice( 老鼠)
foot --- feet ( 脚) woman --- women ( 女人)
8.
名词单复数形式一样
sheep --- sheep ( 绵羊) deer --- deer (鹿)
En glish --- En glish (英国人) Chi nese --- Chi nese (中国人)
*(不规则名词变复数)口诀:
男人,女人a变e ;
鹅,足,牙齿oo变ee ;
其实老鼠也好记ous变ic ;
孩子加上ren ,鱼鹿绵羊不用记。
学习参考




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、名词所有格的构成法
1.主要是在词尾加 ' 构成。如

This is T om 'desk . 这是汤姆的书桌


That is Mike Sbook. 那是迈克的书。
2.如果原名词已经有复数词尾 s ,则仅加一个’.如

the teachers ' reading room 教师阅览室
the pupils ' pencil-boxes 学生们的文具盒
3.如果原词是复数形式,但不是以s结尾,变为所有格形式需在后面加上
the childre n s palace 少年宫
men s room 男厕所
*名词所有格口诀:
名词所有格,s前面加一撇’,复数s放在尾,后加一撇就完结,两人共有算一个 撇。
学习参考

,后面只加一个

专业.专注
名词练习题
一、 写出下列名词的复数形式

.computer ___________ _____________
4. _________________________ house ________
____________________ ________________
____________ _____________ ___________
_______________ _____________ ____________
_____________ ____________ _______________
_____________ ______________ 8. life _______________
19. story_____________ _____________ 21. baby _____________
_____________ fly _____________ 24. deer ____________
____________ _____________ ______________
28. En glish ____________ ____________ 30. ma_ __________
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二、汉译英
1. Tom
的足球 _____________________
_.
老师们的自行车 ______________________
3. ______________________________
学生们的课桌_________________________
4.
哥哥的文
具盒 _______________________________________
5. ____________________________
姑姑的卡片 ____________________________
6.
猴子们
的香蕉 __________________________________
7
.蚂蚁们的早餐 _________________________
8.
妈妈的包 ______________________
9. ______________________________
姐姐的连衣裙 ___________________________
10
女孩们的
苹果 __________________________________
三、把下列句子翻译成英文
1
.这些 是
Peter
的篮球吗? __________________________________________________ ____
2.
这个是老师的钢笔吗? _____________________ ____________________________________
3.
有一些书在
Sam
的课桌上。 ________________________ ____________________________
4.
有一些孩子们在教室里。 __________________________________ ______________________
四、改错(圈出错处,在横线上改正过来)
I. ___________________________________________ _________________ There are
some butterflys on the table. ______________________________________
2. ____________________________________ This is Alice dress.
3.1 like tomato very much. __________________
五、将下列句子变成复数形式。
1
.
This dog is brow n.
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2. There is a book and a pen on the table.
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3. That woma n is a teacher.
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ne
mon th
2. box
watch
3.k nife


baby


tree


apple

bus

class

life

Wife thief

boy

country
radio
tomato hero
将下列名词变成复数形式。
lesson
shirt
brush
fox
leaf
mon key
story
pia no
能力测试卷(名词)












专业.专注
6. child
Sheep
tooth
En glish
man
Chin ese
二、判断正误,并改正错句,正确的打“
V”

学习参考

1. The house is my brother. _______________________
2. He has visited many country. _____________________
3. They are En glishs. ____________________________
4. This is Tom red bike. ___________________________
三、选择填空
1
.
There are two ______ in the room.
A. Chin eses B. En glishma n
2.
The old man will have __________ out.
A. two tooths B. two teeth
3.
___________ are sold in this bookstore.
A. Children
'
s books B. Children books
4.
Some frie nds of ________ will come here.
A. John
'
s
5.
Can you give me _____________ ?
A. some papers B. a piece of paper
6. ____________________________
There are on the floor.




专业.专注
A. some box B. some boxes
四、将下列句子变成复数形式。
1. This sheep is white.
2. There is a desk and a chair in the room.
3. That man is a doctor.
第二章代词
一、人称代词
1.人称代词即表示 你、我、他、你们、我们、他们”等的词,它的人称、数和格的变化见下表:
数 人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称

主格
I
you
he
she
it
宾格
me
you
him
her
it
us
单数
复数
第一人称
We
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专业.专注
第二人称
第三人称

you
they
you
them
主格与宾格:
人称代词有主格和宾格两种形式 。主格主要用来做句子的主语 ;宾格主要用作宾语
她正坐在公共汽车上。 人称代词主格用在句首作主语 。She is sitting in a bus.
人称代词宾格在动词后作宾语

This pen is bad .I can'
t
rite with it.这支钢笔不好,我没法用它写
字。
2.人称代词的排列顺序
人称代词并列使用时,通常以下列顺序出现,请熟悉并记忆。
1) 单数代词 :you and I; you and he he and I you ,he and I
2) 复数代词 :we and they we and you you and they; we, you and they
3) 第三人称单数代词:he and she
*人称代词排序口诀:人称代词并列观,注意顺序礼貌见;
单数人称二、三、一,复数人称一、二、三;
麻烦事情我”站前,其他人称没意见;
两性并用为三单,男先女后是习惯
二、物主代词
物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词
学习参考


专业.专注
人称
类别
单数
形容词性
名词性

第一人称
复数
our
our
单数
your
yours
第二人称
复数
your
yours
单数
第三人称
复数
their
theirs
my
mi ne
his,her,its
his,hers,its
名词性物主代词 =形容词性物主代词 +名词
例,Whose coat is this? 这是谁的上衣

It 'hers. 是她的。 hers= her coat
*关于物主代词的口诀:
物主代词很重要,译成汉语都有 的”,后面必须加上物,否则就要犯错误
my your his her its our their 不放过


形容词性是基础,除了我的 mine ”外,其他词尾总”性
形物代能力差,出门常把名词加;名物代能力强,常来独去又独往
三、反身代词
反身代词也叫 自身代词”,表示**自己”。
数^^^人称
单数
第人称
myself
第二人称
yourself
第三人称
himself, herself
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专业.专注
复数
ourselves yourselves themselves
学习参考
I can do it by myself. 我自己能做这件事
*反身代词的构成规律记忆口诀 :
反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加,其余开头用物主,复数-ves替-f
四、指示代词
This (这个) ---- these ( 这些

指近处的事物
That (那个

--- these ( 那些

指远处的事物
例,This is a book. 这是本书。 These are some books. 这些是书。
That is a car. 那是辆小汽车

Those are some cars. 那些是小汽车





专业.专注
代词练习题
一、 根据题意,用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Mary is a friend of _____________ . ( I )
2. This is _______ ( she ) ruler. ________ ( I ) is in the bag.
3. Her brother is too young to look after ________ ( he )
4. This is ________ ( I ) book. This book is _________ ( I ).
5. These pens are _________ ( we ).
二、填写下列表格。
人称代词



我们
你,你 们







他们







形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词


反身代词
三、改写下列句子
Eg, This is my book. - --- The book is mine
1. That is her ruler. ______________________________________
2. These are their footballs. ____________________________________
3. This is my backpack . ___________________________________
4. Those are your boxes. ______________________________________
四、把下列句子改写成复数。
学习参考


专业.专注
1. This is a butterfly. ____________________________________________
2. That is a bus. _______________________________________________
3. It is a mouse. _______________________________________________
五、改错。
I. _________________________________ _________________________ Thi
s is mi ne lamp. _______________________________________________
2. These are ours books. __________________________________________
3. That are their teacher. __________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________ The house is
my brother. ____________________________________
5. He has visited many coun try. _____________________
6. They are Chin eses. ____________________________
7. This is Tom red bike. ____________________________
能力测试卷(代词)
、 帮下面的好朋友团圆
(连线)
她 我们
他(她,它)们
I
its

her

we


你的
他(她,它)们
they

their


your
she

她的
它的
二、填空

.
Shesa teacher . This is
bag.
2. He
'
a driver. This is ___________ taxi.

3. I am a boy . _________ n ame is Peter.
4. --What s __________ name?
--My n ame is Tony.
学习参考


专业.专注
5. It
'
my puppy. ______ n ame is Mimi.
三、 选择
(
(
) book is not so old as _________ .
A. him B. he C. his D. she
)2. _____ book is it ? It
'
__________ .
B. Whose

hers C. Who - - hers D. Whom

her
)3. He is a friend of ________ .
四、 改错
A. Whose …her
(
A. our B. us C. my D. mine
1.1, you and he are all teachers.
2. This is mine teddy bear.
3. These are ours bags.
4. These is their teachers.
第三章数词和冠词
一、数词
表示数目和顺序的词叫数词 。数词又分基数词和序数词 ,基数词表示数量,序数词表示顺序
1.最基本的基数词如下表所示 :
1~10
1 one
2 two

11~19

20~100
11 eleve n
12 twelve 20 twenty
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专业.专注
3 three
4 four
5 five
6 six
7 seven
8 eight
9 nine

13 thirteen
14 fourtee n
15 fifteen
16 sixtee n
17 seve ntee n
18 eightee n
19 nin etee n
30 thirty
40 forty
50 fifty
60 sixty
70 seve nty
80 eighty
90 nin ety
100 one hun dred
“ ”。
99 ninety -nine
and。
10 ten

*基数词的写法 :21~99的两位数,十位与个位之间用连字符
例:21 twenty - one 32 thirty - two
百位数:个位数基数词形式加 hundred ,表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上
例:101 a hun dred and one. 320 three hun dred and twenty
forty-eight
2. 序数词的构成
1) 一般来说,是由相应的基数词加词尾
four+ th--- fourth
seve n + th --- seve nth
2)

648six hun dred and
th构成。例,
six + th --- sixth
ten + th --- tenth
下面这些基数词在变为序数词时 ,有特殊的变化。例,
学习参考
one --- first two --- sec ond
three --- third five--- fifth


专业.专注
eight --- eighth nine ——ninth twelve ——twelfth
y变成i,然后在加eth.例,
thirty --- thirtieth
3)十位整数序数词的构成方法是将基数词的词
twenty --- twen tieth

forty --- fortieth
ninety --- nin etieth
4)两位或两位以上的基数词变为序数词时 ,仅将个位数变成序数词。例,
twenty ~one ------- twen ty- first
thirty-five ----- thirty-fifth
a hundred and fifty-three ------ a hundred and fifty- third
*基数词变序数词的口诀:
基变序,有规律;词尾加上th (fourth, sixth )
一、二、三,单独记
;
结尾字母 t, d, d (first , seco nd , third )
八去 t,九去 e, (eighth , ninth ) ve 要用 f 替;(fifth , twelfth )
整十基数变序数,ty将y变成i th前面有个e;
要是遇到几十几,前用基来后用序。
二、冠词
冠词分不定冠词和定冠词两种 。a或an是不定冠词,the是定冠词。a用在辅音音素之前,如a
desk, a tree an 用在元音因素之前 ,女口 an apple, an hour, an English book.
1. 不定冠词(a,an )指人或事物的某一种类,表示 一个”,但不强调数量。
学习参考


专业.专注

She is a teacher. That san orange.
学习参考


专业.专注
2. 定冠词the ,是特指某(些)人、某(些)物,或指说话人与听话
人彼此知道的人或物 是在上文提到过的人和事 。
,或者
学习参考
This is a bus. The bus is big.
3. 不用冠词的情况:
1)专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词前一般不用冠词
Chin ese, En glish, Jim 等。
2)名词前已经有this, that, my, your 等词时,就不再用冠词了
that mouse ( 那只老鼠

3) 一些固定词组前不用定冠词 。如,
at home 在家 go to school 去上学
*定冠词the的用法记忆口诀:
特指、重提和唯一,岛屿、海峡和海湾;
海洋、党派、最高级,沙漠、河流与群山;
方位、顺序和乐器,年代、团体与机关;
船名、建筑和组织,会议、条约与报刊;
姓氏复数、国全名,记住定冠the加在前。
。如,
女口,




专业.专注
*零冠词用法口诀:
月份、星期、节假洲,呼语、头衔职务前; 三餐、球类、惯用语,学科、棋类名
词前。
学习参考


专业.专注
冠词和数词专项练习
、在空白处填上适当的冠词,不需要的填“”。
1) at ____ home 2) go to ____ bed 3) go to _____school
4) catch ________ bad cold 5) have _______ good time
red apple 7) En glish book 8) spo on
orange 10) mel on 11) eraser
-——二 、选择填空
a
?

is in the'wiord
primary
A. an B.a D./
is orange bike .
A.a B.a n D/

3」t always takes us half ____ hour to have ___ long walk after supper .
A.a,a B,a ,the C.a n , a D.a n , the
4. E nglish is __ useful la nguage in ___ world .
A.a n , the B.a , the , / D./ , the
5. We are going to ____ cin ema this evening .
B./ C/a D.a n
6. _____________________ He ' s standing on other side of river .
A.a , a , the , a D.a , the
7. ____ potato is a vegetable , not ____ fruit .
, an , a C.A, the D.A n, /
8. __________ He was first to come .
B.a D./
9. _____________ Do you see __ book on table ?





6)
9)_

学习参考


专业.专注
, a B.a, an
,
an D.a , the
' s________ desk ? It ' s in ___ middle of the room .
A./ , / B./ , a C.a , / , the
11. _________ He is friend of mine .
A.a n B./ D.a
12. __________ There is uni versity n ear the farm .
A.a B.a n D./
13. ____________ He died in autu mn of 1989 .
A./ C.a D.a n
14.1 have ___ book . I t te'restingone in like readi ng ___ books very much .
A.a, an

/ B.a , / , the C.a n , an , the D./ , an , /
is ________________ Childre n ' s Day .
A.a B.a n D/
is ____ bag . That is ____ eraser .
A.a, a B.a , an C.a n , a D. an , an
四、用代词填空

1. __
, _____ and _____ are all good friends .
, you , they , they , we , they , you , you , we
2. __
classroom is big , but ____ is much bigger tha n ____ .
, they , us , their , our , theirs , ours , theirs , we
lost ___ pen . Will you lend her ___ ?
, yours , your , you , yourself
4. “ What are yodoing ?

“am looking at ____ in the mirror ?
f
5. ___ , ___ and ______ all enjoy music .
, you , I B.I , she , you , she , I D.I , you , she
能力测试卷(冠词和数词)
一、写出相邻的数词
1. twe nty 2. five
3. twelve 4. fifty-eight
5. ninety 6. seve nty
7. thirty-eight 8.
one hun
dred
9. one thousand 10. one
二、选择正确答案
I. ___________________ There are days in a year.
A. three hun dreds sixty-five B. three hun dreds and sixty-five
C. three hun dred and sixty-five D. three hun dred and sixty five
2. __________________ There are students in this school.
A. eight hun dreds and forty-six
B. eight hun dred and forty six

学习参考





专业.专注
C. eight hun dred and forty-six
3. My brother is in
A. Three Class, One Grade
C. Grade One, Class Three
D. eight hun dred forty-six
B. Class Three, Grade One
D. class three, grade one
B. yesterday morning eight
D. by eight yesterday morning
mon ths in a year. December is the
D. twelve; twelveth
4. _____________________________________ He was doing some wash ing .
A. at eight yesterday morning
C. yesterday morning at eight
5. ____________________ There are
_____________________ month of the year.
A. twelve; twelve B. twelve; twelfth C. twelfth; twelve
is the ___________ day of the week.
A. seve nth B. first C. sec ond D. third
7. ____________________ Autu mn is seas on in a year.
A. the fourth B. the third C. a third D. third
8. __________________ Tom was ___________________________ to get to school and I was .
A. first; ninth B. the first; the ninth C. a first; a nin th
9.
A. Friday B. time to go
D. the sec ond; the ninth
What 'the date today? It
'
.
C. cloudy D. June 4
th

10. Mon day is the sec ond day, and ____________ .
A. Tuesday is the fourth
C. the sec ond is Tuesday
B. Thursday is the fifth
D. the sec ond is Thursday
第四章
一般现在时态
一、 一般现在时的定义
一般现在时是表示现在经常反复发生的动作 ,存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态 。
二、 一般现在时的结构
般现在时用行为动词的原形 ,但第三人称单数作主语时,动词的词尾要加-s或- es。现在以连
系动词be和行为动词read为例,对一般现在时的肯定句、否定句、疑问句及其简略答语的 构成以表格形式
加以说明:
学习参考


专业.专注

动词

肯定句 否定句
学习参考


专业.专注
I am…
be
You/We/They are …
He/She/It is ...
read


I am not …
You/We/They are n ot
He/She/It is not …
I/We/You/They/ do n ot read
He/She/It does not read



I/We/You/They read …
He/She/It reads …
动词 疑问句
Am I …

Are you …

Are we ???
简略答语(肯定)
Yes , you are.
Yes, I am/we are.
Yes, we/you are.
Yes, they are.
Yes, he is.
Yes, she is.
Yes, it is.
Yes, you / we / they
do.
Yes, he / she / it does.
简略答语(否定)
No, you are not.
No, I am/we are not.
No, we/ you are not.
No, they are not.
No, he is not.
No, she is not.
No, it is not.
No, you / we / they do
n ot.
No, he / she / it does
be
Are they …

Is he …

Is she …

Is it …

Do I / we / they
read
read …

Does he / she / it
read …?
连系动词be的各种形式常与代词或


n ot.
not缩写成一个词

助动词do , does —般只有与not缩写


联系动词be缩写形式如下
r
冃疋
I am
You are
He is
She is
It is
We are
They are
缩写
I m
You 're
He'
She '
It's
We 're
They 're
否定
I am not
You are not
He is not
She is not
It is not
We are not
They are not
缩写
I m not
You 're not /You aren 't
He s n ot /He isn 't
She s not /She isn 't
It s not / It isn 't
We 're not / We aren 't
They 're not / They aren '
动词do not 的缩写形式为 don ', does not 的缩写形式为 doesn '


学习参考

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