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冠词
一、 固定词组
1. 有些固定词组中有the : in the middle of, go to the cinema/ movies, play the violin/
piano/ guitar, in the end, the same
2. 有些词组中不用任何冠词： by bus, play football, play chess, go to school, go to bed,
at first, lose weight
3. 有些词组中加a: catch a bus, in a hurry, take a walk,
二、 专有名词前
1.国家、城市等专有名词前不加the : Shanghai, in New York, in America， 但是 the
United Sates 要加 the
2. 由普通名词构成的专有名词前加the Great Wall,
3. 江河、海洋、山川前加the: the Yangtze River, the Pacific, the Yellow Mountains
三． 一日三餐、四季、一星期七天及十二个月，next前不加任何冠词
1. for breakfast/lunch/supper
2. in spring/ summer /autumn /winter
Monday /Tuesday /Wednesday /Thursday /Friday /Saturday / Sunday
ary,Febru ary,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,Oct ober,November,De
cember
四、宇宙中独一无二的事物， 序数词， 形容词最高级，only所修饰的名词前用the
1. the sun, the moon, the earth
2. the eighth, the twelfth, the twentieth, the fourth
3. the biggest, the most popular
4. the only key
五、形容词加the, 表示这一类人the blind, the deaf, the old, the rich, the poor
六、单词前面用“an”还是“a”取决于单词开头的读音是否是原音
1. a: a useful dictionary, a university student, a European village, a one-eyed captain, a
uniform
2. an: an hour, an honest girl, an e-mail, an important letter, an exchange student, an uncle
an X-ray photograph, an MBA course,
There is __an __”f” in the word “first”. ( f, h, l, m, n, s, x, r, )
介词
分类记忆：
一、时间介词
具体哪一天on, 几点钟前用at, 年、月份前用in, 早上、下午、晚上用in, 但是具体
某一天的早上、下午、晚上用on。last, next, this, that, some, every等词之前一律不用
介词
On Christmas Day, on December 14, 2013, on the morning of December 15,
二、地点介词
三、短语中固定搭配的介词
care for, based on, in one’s thirties, concentrate on=focus on , the answer to the
question, the key to the door, She is of average height, share with, be responsible for,
add…to,
四、 方式介词by， with
by bus, by train , by e-mail, by express mail, by credit card
write with a pen, say it in English
五、表示形容词、副词比较范围的
of/ among + 代词，名词或数词， in+ 表示地点或集体的名词
John was the first on the list of the famous stars because he was the richest ______ them.
代词
一、 人称代词
1. 顺序： 单数：二、三、一 复数：一、二、三
John sits among ______, _______ and me.
A. Mary…you B. she…you C. you…Mary D. you…she
2. 主格宾格：主格——主语， 宾格——宾语（动词或介词后）
The journalist interviewed ________. (he, his, him)
I show_______ around the city. (they, their, them)
3. 名词性物主代词
The cinema in our neighborhood is old and small, but ______ is big and modern.(they,
them,. their, theirs)
Mum, have you ever seen Danny’s sports shoes? I want a pair like _______. (he)
a friend of mine/ his/ my father’s
I ______ we______ you_______ he_______ her________ they_______
4、反身代词
enjoy oneself , help oneself to sth, learn…by oneself= teach oneself
I made it myself.
I ______ we______ you_______ he_______ her________ they_______
it________
不定代词
other, others, another, the others
Some…._______ One…_________
another + 可数名词的单数
固定词组 一个接着一个 _________________
1
Will you please show me _________ one?
Have _______ try, and you’ll succeed.
2.形容词修饰不定代词、形容词后置
something necessary
3. either_______, neither______, both______, all_______, none________
The report says __________ of the two countries in Asia supports the war.
After you get off the bus, you can take ________ of the two Metro Lines to Zhongshan
Park.
either side both sides
4. few, a few, little, a little
It’s unusual for him to be so active because he is often a boy of _______ words.
A. few B. little C. many D. much
数词
1、two hundred/ thousand, hundreds/thousands of , 前面如果有more than, less than ,
over, about 等词时，用确切的数据 about/ more than two hundred people
2、数字的读法， 百位和十位之间用and 365
3、序数词的拼写
One_______ , two__________, three_________ Four________, five________,
eight_________, twelve________, nine_______, twenty_________,
twenty-one_____________
5. 分数
1/2____________ 2/3__________, 3/ 4_________, 3/5_________
6、百分比 30 percent
7、日期表达 February 12，1809
two hours and a half =two and a half hours
a ten- year-old boy The boy is ten years old.
He is over fifty years old. He is in his fifties.
It’s ten minutes’ walk. It’s a ten-minute walk.
名词
1. 变复数
potato______ tomato______ hero______ Negro_______ photo______(两人两菜加s, 其
他加es)
boy______ toy_________, dictionary_________, (只有辅音+y 结尾变y为ies)
beach___________(s, x, ch, sh,结尾的名词复数+es)
life, thief ,leaf, knife(fe, f结尾的名词， 把f, fe变为ves)
2. 可数名词与不可数名词
many children much information
a few books a little time
some boys some time
a couple of days a basket of fruit
修饰可数名词的： few, a few, many, a large number of, a couple of
修饰不可数名词的: little, a little, much, a great deal of, huge amounts of
既修饰可数名词的，又可以修饰可数名词的： plenty of , a lot of/ lots of , some
3. 名词所有格
my father’s friend= a friend of my father’s， the teachers’ office， the Children’s Palace
形容词/ 副词
1、形容词的用法：
1）系动词后做表语 The comedy is very funny
2）在名词前作定语 It’s a funny comedy
3）修饰不定代词在不定代词之后 There is something wrong with my watch.
4）在宾语之后作宾语补足语 The good news made Bob’s mother excited.
You’d better keep the window open.
2、副词的用法：
1）修饰行为动词 He drives carefully.
2）修饰形容词 The food is quite delicious.
3）修饰整个句子 Luckily, he still got the first prize
3、much, far, a little, a bit, a lot, even等词修饰形容词比较级
The Bund looks much _________ at night. (pretty)
He looks a little __________(happy)
4. 既是形容词又是副词的：early ,fast, hard, high , late
5、as…as not as/ so…as句型
中间用形容词或者副词的原级， 所以可以先排除比较级和最高级，选副词还是形容
词，看是否修饰行为动词
The driver drove as ___________ as usual.
A. most carefully B. more careful
C. careful D. carefully
6、一些特殊句型
The 比较级 主语+谓语， the 比较级 主语+谓语，The earlier…, the better…
the fastest in our class， one of the longest rivers， the second longest river， better and
better
疑问词
How far (ten minutes’ walk)
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