远走高飞高考英语二轮专题训练模块4高考题型组合练组合练5含解析新人教版

2021年1月19日发(作者：生僻字歌词)
组合练5
Ⅰ.阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2020·河北省衡水中学高三下学期第一次模拟考试)
We’ve known that sitting for long periods of time every day has countless health
consequences，like a higher risk of heart now a new study has found that
sitting is also bad for your brain.
A study published last week，conducted by Siddarth at the University
of California，showed that sedentary(久坐的)behavior is associated with reduced
thickness of the medial temporal lobe(中颞叶)，a brain area that is critical to
learning and memory.
The researchers asked a group of 35 healthy people，ages 45 to 70，about their
activity levels and the average number of hours each day spent sitting and then scanned
their found that the subjects who reported sitting for longer periods
had the thinnest medial temporal means that the more time you spend in a
chair the worse it is for your brain health，resulting in possible damage to learning
and memory.
What is also interesting is that this study did not find a significant association
between the level of physical activity and thickness of this brain area，suggesting
that exercise，even severe exercise，may not be enough to protect you from the harmful
effects of sitting.
It then surprisingly turned out that you don’t even have to move much to enhance
cognition(认知)；just standing will do the example，two groups of subjects
were asked to complete a test while either sitting or ipants are
presented with conflicting stimuli(刺激)，like the word “green” in blue ink，and
asked to name the ts thinking on their feet beat those who sat by a
3-milicond margin .
The cognitive effects of severe physical exercise are well the
possibility that standing more and sitting less improves brain health could lower
the bar for everyone.
I know，this all runs counter to received ideas about deep thought，from our grade
school teachers，who told us to sit down and focus，to Rodin’s famous “Thinker，”
seated with chin on hand.
They were can now all stand up.
1．What can we infer from Paragraphs 3 and 4?
A．Severe exercise can lessen the damage of sitting.
B．Severe exercise can greatly improve our brain health.
C．Sedentary behavior will possibly damage our brain.
D．Brain health has nothing to do with sedentary behavior.
2．What does the underlined word “margin” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Blank.
C．Decrease.
B．Edge.
D．Difference.
3．What is the received idea about deep thought?
A．Sitting more is good for our mental health.
B．Sitting is better when we think.
C．Exercise more can improve our cognition.
D．We should stand while thinking.
4．The passage mainly tells us .
A．people tend to sit while thinking
B．standing more can make our brain healthier
C．physical exercise can improve our brain health
D．sedentary behavior leads to countless health problems
【答案】 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B
【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了站着思考能够使人的大脑更加健康、思维更加
敏捷的这一现象。
1．推理判断题。由第三段最后一句中的“...the more time you spend in a chair the
worse it is for your brain health，...”和第四段中的“...exercise，even severe
exercise，may not be enough to protect you from the harmful effects of sitting.”，
可知久坐的行为可能会损害我们的大脑。故选C项。
2．词义猜测题。由第五段最后一句“Subjects thinking on their feet beat those who
sat by a 32-millisecond margin .”(站着思考的受试者会以32毫秒的差异击败坐着的受
试者。)，可知margin 在此处意为“差异”。故选D项。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段，这一切都与我们从小学老师那里 得到的关于深思熟虑
的想法背道而驰，他们让我们坐下集中注意力，还有罗丹著名的“思想者”，手托下 巴坐着。
可知我们以前接受的关于深思熟虑的想法是坐着思考更好。故选B项。
4．主旨大意 题。文章第一段说现在一项新的研究发现，坐着对大脑也有害，后面文章主
要介绍了多站立能够使人的大 脑更加健康、思维更加敏捷的现象。故选B项。
B
(陕西西安地区八校2019－2020学年高三上学期第一次联考)
“Did you hear what happened to Adam last Friday？” Lindsey whispers to Tori.
With her eyes shining，Tori brags，“You bet I did，Sean told me two days ago.”
Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about? It just happened to be yours truly，
Adam Freedman，I can tell you that what they are saying is (a) not nice and (b) not
even ，Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from most students here at
Linton High School，including of our conversations are gossip (闲话)．I have
noticed three effects of gossip：it can hurt people，it can give gossipers a strange
kind of satisfaction，and it can cause social pressures in a group.
An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked
y，gossip spreads information about a topic—breakups，trouble at home，
even dropping out—that a person would rather keep more embarrassing or
shameful the secret is，the juicier the gossip it ly the worst type of
gossip is the absolute often think of gossipers as harmless，but cruel
lies can cause pain.
If we know that gossip can be harmful，then why do so many of us do it? The answer
lies in another effect of gossip：the satisfaction it gives g the latest
rumor (传言)can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that
others don’rly，hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part
of the “in group”．In other words，gossip is satisfying because it gives people
a sense of belonging or even superiority (优越感)．
Gossip also can have a third effect：it strengthens unwritten，unspoken rules
about how people should sor David Wilson explains that gossip is important
in policing behaviors in a ated into high school terms，this means that
if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said，
then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind
of negative do’s and don’ts conveyed through gossip will never show
up in any student handbook.
The effects of gossip vary depending on the next time you feel the
urge to spread the latest news，think about why you want to gossip and what effects
your “juicy story” might have.
5．The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passage to .
A．introduce a topic B．present an argument
C．describe the characters D．clarify his writing purpose
6．In the author’s opinion，many people like to gossip because it .
A．gives them a feeling of pleasure
B．help them to make more friends
C．makes them better at telling stories
D．enables them to meet important people
7．Professor David Wilson thinks that gossip can .
A．provide students with written rules
B．help people watch their own behaviors
C．force school to improve student handbooks
D．attract the police’s attention to group behaviors
8．What advice does the author give in the passage?
A．Never become a gossiper.
B．Stay away from gossipers.
C．Don’t let gossip turn into lies.
D．Think twice before you gossip.
【答案】 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.D
【解析】 本文是一篇议论文。文章最开始由一 个例子引出要说的主题，讨论了传言的
危害并举出了例子和人们为什么喜欢传闲话，和说闲话带给人们的 满足感以及流言带来的影
响。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“Many of our conversations are gossip(闲话)．”
即我们的话题很多都是闲话，可知开 头的对话是为了介绍本文的主题。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第五段的“The answer lies in another effect of gossip：
the satisfaction it gives us，”可知人们散播传言是因为它会带来满足感。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据文章第六段的“Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is
important in policing behaviors in a group.”可知他认为传言能帮助人们观察自身的行
为。故选B。
8．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“The next time you feel the urge to spread the
latest news，think about why you want to gossip and what effects your ’juicy story’
might have.”可知作者的建议是让人们在传言之前三思而后行。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所 给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的
最佳选项。
(2020·广东省佛山市高考英语模拟试题)