shame是什么意思中文翻译自考词汇第五章练习题讲课讲稿

2021年1月19日发(作者：mend)
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第五章自测试题

I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the
statement.
1. A word is the combination of








and















A. sound, spelling







B. spelling, meaning






C. form, meaning





D. sound, meaning
2. Words are but symbols, many of which have meaning only when they have acquired






.



A. concept








B. sense







C. motivation







D. reference
3. By form we mean









A. its spelling





B. its pronunciation





C. both its pronunciation and spelling






D. its symbols
4. Reference

is

the

relationship

between

language

and















A. the motivation







B. the concept






C. the world







D. sense
5. A word has meaning only when a connection has been established between the linguistic sign and a















A. reference





B. referent





C. concept







D. motivation
6. Of the four types of motivation,












motivation is the most productive.



A. etymological




B. morphological





C. semantic







D. onomatopoeic
7.










meaning refers to that part of the meaning of the word which indicates grammatical concept or relationships.



A. Lexical







B. Conceptual







C. Associative








D. Grammatical
8. The oldest motivation is supposed to be










motivation.



A. semantic









B. etymological






C. onomatopoeic









D. morphological
9. Although reference is a kind of abstraction, yet with the help of









, it can refer to something specific.



A. concept










B. motivation



C. context










D. sense
10. Sense denotes the relationships













.



the concept





B. outside the language



C. with the meaning




the language
11. Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its











.



A. sense








B. meaning




C. concept








D. reference
12. Concept which is beyond language, is the result of human


















.








A. recognition








B. cognition





C. acquisition









D. practice
13. The relationship between the word form and meaning is









and











.



A. arbitrary, non- motivated



B. arbitrary, motivated


C. conventional, motivated


D. arbitrary, conventional
14. The sense of an expression is its place in a system of







relationships with other expressions in the language.



A. logical




B. morphological





C. semantic






D. grammatical
15. Most words can be said to be














.



A. motivated





B. non-motivated



C. affixes







D. compounds
16.










is universal to all men alike regardless of culture, race, language and so on.



A. Sense








B. Motivation




C. Concept








D. Reference
17. The connection between the reference of a word and the thing outside the language is the result of














and __












A. specification, generalization




B. generalization, abstraction



C. abstraction, specification







D. extension, generalization
18. By means of









, a speaker indicates which things in the world are being talked about.



A. referent






B. reference




C. concept





D. motivation
19.














.



A. concept







B. motivation




C. collocation







D. sense
20. The word meaning is made up of

















.



A. connotative meaning and affective meaning



B. stylistic meaning and collocative meaning



C. grammatical meaning and lexical meaning




D. conceptual meaning and associative meaning
21. Grammatical meaning of a word becomes important only when it is used in


















.



A. extra- linguistic context



B. non- linguistic context




C. actual context



D. lexical context
22. Conceptual meaning, also known as










meaning, is the meaning given in the dictionary and forms the core of



word meaning.



A. lexical









B. associative




C. connotative






D. denotative
23.









meaning is the secondary meaning supplemented to the










meaning.



A. Lexical, grammatical


B. Conceptual, associative

C. Associative, conceptual


D. Connotative, conceptual
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24. Associative meaning comprises four types:












.



A. Lexical, grammatical, stylistic, and affective





B. Connotative, stylistic, affective, and collocative



C. Lexical, conceptual, affective, and collocative




D. Conceptual, connotative, affective, and stylistic
25. Words that have emotive values may fall into two categories:














or











.



A. lexical, grammatical



B. appreciative, pejorative



C. associative, conceptual



D. stylistic, affective
26. Both








meaning of

but they are different in____



A. conceptual, style



l, emotive values


C. conceptual, collocation



D. stylistic, connotation
27. It is noticeable that











meaning overlaps with








and affective meanings because in a sense both



latter meanings are revealed by means of collocations.



A. stylistic, collocative



B. connotative, associative



C. collocative, stylistic



D. conceptual, lexical
28.





meaning is unstable, varying considerably according to culture, historical period, and the experience of the



individual.



A. Lexical





B. Grammatical





C. Connotative





D. Stylistic
29.











meaning, but they differ in









meaning.



A. stylistic, conceptual





B. affective, stylistic




C. collocative, connotative





D. conceptual, stylistic
30.











meaning surfaces only in use, but meaning is constant in all the content words within or with- out context
as it is related to the notion that the word conv-eys.



A. Lexical, grammatical




B. Conceptual, associative


C. Associative, conceptual




D. Grammatical, lexical
31. The word










words.



A. etymologically motivated






B. semantically motivated



C. morphologically motivated





D. onomatopoeically motivated
32. The words













words.



A. semantically motivated









B. etymologically motivated



C. morphologically motivated






D. onomatopoeically motivated
33.













A. laconic





B. airmail






C. reading-lamp







D. hopeless
34. Associative meaning comprises several types except










.



A. connotative meaning




B. stylistic meaning




C. affective meaning





D. lexical meaning
35.










of mother.



A. the stylistic meanings


B. the connotative meanings


C. the stylistic meanings


D. the collocative meanings
III. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.
1. Affective meaning indicates the speaker's









towards the person or thing in question.
2.
Martin
Joos(1962)in
his
book
The
Five
Clock
suggests
five
degrees
of








:




3. Lexical meaning is made up of conceptual meaning and ______________ meaning.
4.










meaning is the meaning given in the dictionary and forms the Core of word meaning.
5. Semantic motivation refers to the






associations sug-gested by the conceptual meaning of a word.
6. The meanings of etymologically motivated words relate directly to their ______________.
7. Semantic motivation explains the connection between the literal sense and








sense of the word.
8. Onomatopoeic words are created by imitating the

















sounds or noises.
9. Not every word has










. For example,

yes
”
, all have some sense, but none of them
refer to anything in the world.
10.










motivation.
11. In the sentence,










connotation.
12. Connotative meaning refers to the qvertones or associations suggested by the










meaning traditionally known
as connota-tions.
13. The relationship between the word form and meaning is conventional and arbitrary, and most words can be said to be
_______________.
14. Semantic motivation refers to the mental associations suggested by the









meaning of a word.
15. Meaning and concept are Closely related but not _______________.
16. The









meaning consists of connotative meaning, stylistic meaning, affective meaning and collocative meaning.
17. A concept is










to all men alike.
18.









motivated.
19. Not all the words produced by applying the word- forming rules are













.
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20. The grammatical meanings can indlcate parts of speech of words, singular and plural meanings of nouns,











meanings of verbs and their inflectional forms, etc.
21. A concept has










referring expressions.
22. Connotative meaning varies considerably according to euhure, historical period and the









of the individual.
23.










in style.
24.











meaning includes conceptual meaning and asso-ciative meaning.
25.










words have both the same conceptual meaning and associative meaning.
26.










motivated words.
27. Denotative meaning is the meaning given in the dictionary and it forms the










of word meaning.
28.










motivated word.
29 .Unlike conceptual meaning,











meaning is unstable and indeterminate.
30. Normally, when we talk about the meaning of a word, we are speaking of what we call its










.
31. A word is the










of form and meaning.
32.











is the relationship between language and the world.
33. There are a lot of words whose structures are




, i. e. their meanings are not the combinations of the separate parts.
34. In the sentence,










.
35. Parts of speech of words, singular and plural meaning of nouns, tense meaning of verbs all belong to










meaning.
36.










meaning surfaces only in use.
37.
Just
like











meaning,
affective
meaning
varies
from
individual
to
individual,
from
culture
to
culture,
from
generation to generation.
38.
Compounds
and
derived
words
are










words
and
the'
meanings
of
many
are
the
sum
of
the
morphemes
combined.
39. Word meaning is not monogeneous but a










consisting of different parts.
40.












.
III.
Match
the
morphemes,
words
or
expressions
in
Column
A
with
those
in
Column
B
according
to
①
types
of
motivation;
②
types of meaning;
③
types of word formation;
④
types of mor-phemes and
⑤
types of formality.















A
















B






1. diminutive
















A. onomatopoeic motivation






2. nigger




















B. appreciative






3. tiny






















C. differing in emotive values






4. commence/begin











D. back formation






5. tongue of the bell











E. conlpounding






6. laconic




















F. blending






7. black





















G
. pejorative






8. ambitious


















H. acronym






9. determined/pigheaded








I. conversion






10. bleat





















J. initialism






11. tremble/quiver













K. colloquial






12. moonlight

















L. grammatical meaning






13. slurb





















M. formal






14. sub-






















N. derivational prefix






15. CORE




















O. semantic motivation



























P. differing in stylistic meaning






17. water(n)

















Q. differing in colloca-tire meaning






18. house (v)

















R. suffixation






19. fan






















S. etymological motivation






20. A.D.





















T. back clipping
IV
. Study the following morphemes, words or expressions and identify
①
types of bound morphemes underlined;

②
types ofword formation;
③
types of meaning;
④
types of motivation and
⑤
types of formality.





1. mother (love)


































(



)





2. atom(from the smallest unit of matter)














(



)





3.
–
es in sandwiches






























(



)





4. quack








































(



)
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