dymaxion英语读后续写修辞手法---暗喻教案

2021年1月19日发(作者：capitalization)
英语读后续写修辞手法（二）


Metaphor
（暗喻）

一、定义

本体、喻体都出现 ，中间常用喻词

是

、

变成

等连接，有时不 用喻词。暗喻的典型形式为
:
甲是
乙。但不是所有由
“
是
”
连接的语句都是暗喻，因为比喻必须要符合
:
①甲和乙必须是本质不同的事
物 ，

②甲乙之间必须有相似点。比明喻更简练、含蓄。例如：


He is a walking dictionary.
She is a living encyclopedia(
百科全书
).
Education is farming.
Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested
。

Teach a fish to swim
Learning is going on a journey.
Anger is a fire that makes your blood boil.
He’s a wolf in sheep’s clothing.

Time is a flying arrow/a burning match/flowing water/a travelling train.

二、类别

1.

喻体直述式：把本体和喻体说成是一件事。


A book that is shut is but a block.
总是合着的书只不过是一块砖头而已。

College is a comma of a sentence of life.
大学就是人生长句的一个逗号。

My heart is a lonely hunter that hunts on a lonely hill.
我的心就像一名孤独的猎手，在寂寞的

山岗游猎。

2.
喻体半隐式

He doesn’t have an idea of his own. He just parrots

what other people say.
他没有自己的观点，只会
鹦鹉学舌。

A heavy silence blanketed the room.
整个房子沉浸在一片沉默中。

They stormed the speaker with questions.
他们猛烈质问演讲者。

3.
喻体全隐式

Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed and some few to be chewed and digested.
一些书浅尝即可，另外一些书则要囫囵吞下，只有少数的书才值得咀嚼和消化。


三、典型结构

1.
名词型
: A is B
Time is money.
时间就是金钱。

Beauty without virtue is a rose without fragrance.
没有德行的美丽好比没有芬芳的玫瑰。

Some people think that marriage is a lottery.
有些人认为婚姻是缘分。

He is the eyes and ears of the manager.
他是经理的耳目。

Look at that guy
，
all meat and no potatoes.
瞧那个家伙，浑身都是肉。

I was, inwardly, all white flag.
我内心里却妥协了。

Greece was the cradle of Western culture.
希腊是西方文化的发源地
/
摇篮。

The old man's face is a map of time.
那老人脸就是岁月的写照

2.
动词型
:

Snow clothes the ground.
雪覆盖了大地。

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