报酬英文-bitch的意思
美国部分
一:地理
人口第三(占全球
4.5%
)
面积第四
50
个州:
48 continental states
;
2 island states (Alaska, Hawaii)
东海岸:
Appalachian Mountains
阿巴拉契亚山脉
西海岸:
Rocky Mountains
洛基山脉
Mississippi River
:
3rd longest
“
Father of Waters
”
”
Ol
d Man River
”
five Great Lakes
:
(
21
%
of surface fresh water):Lake Superior, Michigan, Huron,
Erie, Ontario(Niagara Waterfall)
1.
东北部:
New England
·
Vermont(
绿山
造船业发达
), Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts(
革命之地
),
Connecticut(
康涅狄格州
), Rhod
e Island(
罗德岛州,
the small
est in size)
·
Protestant influence
:
新教徒
(离开英国的国教)
work ethic
勤奋
→
value hard
and d
evoted work
·
Religious freed
om
:
Anti-col
onialist l
egacy
反殖民
→
Ind
epend
ency
e.g. Boston Tea Party, Revolutionary War
·
Town meetings
:
Mod
el for d
emocratic government
民主
No king or queen, everyone votes.
·
Political activism: Community involvement
国家政治
不限于地域
More focused on national politics
·
Fishing
&
shipbuil
ding
→工业革命
(Most
British
navy
fl
eats
get
raw
material
from Vermont)
·
Intellectual & cultural center
:
MIT
;
Ivy League (8)
常春藤
Ivy League
中,
Columbia, Harvard, Princeton, Yale
是最初的四所,与后
来的
Brown, Cornell, Dartmouth, Penn.
合称常春藤
2
.
The Mid Atlantic Region:
·
两次迁都
New York City
→
Penns ylvania(Philad
elphia
,
宪法
1787
撰写地
)
→
Washington, D.C.
(确定三权分立)
·
History
:
Ellis Island: Port for immigrants
隔离以防止传染病 。
40
%美国人的祖先:
欧洲移
民
(p.s.
亚洲移民入口 为
Angel
Island
in
San
Francisco
Bay);
Philad
elphia
:
1776.7.4
Declaration of Ind
epend
ence
美国国庆日
+1787 Constitution
·
Economy:
Financial capital: Wall Street,NYSE
3
.
The Mid West
中西部:
Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota (
密西西比发源地
),Iowa(
农
业州,粮仓
)
·
Heartland
腹地
True American values
土生土长较多
移民少
·
Id
eal for marketing & pollsters
民意测验家
(Business
,
Politics
必争之地
)
·
Agriculture
:
Farming Belts
(
主要生产
Wheat, Dairy, Corn,Tobacco, Cotton, Sugar
后构成美国农业主要产品)
4.
Wild
West:
Washington
State(Seattle);Yellowstone
National
Park
(
Wyoing,Idaho,Montana
)
; California, New Mexico
·
Forbid
ding
nature:
Tough
&
challenging.
Vol
canoes,
earthquakes,
mountains,
d
eserts.
·
Outd
oor heaven: skiing, beaches, vineyards
(葡萄园)
·
Tol
erance of alternative lifestyl
es 1960s
hippie
嬉皮士运动
Beat Generation
垮掉的一代;
Beatles
·
Native American Culture
印第安人
Navajos/Navahos: Biggest Indian tribe
5
.
Southern
:
Texas,
Mississippi,
Louisana(
法
),
Fl
orida(
西班牙
),
Tennessee,
Kentucky(
畜牧
), Virginia, North&South Carolina, Alabama
·
Cotton & Tobacco
·
Civil War(1861-1865) Reconstruction
战后重建
·
Civil Rights Movement in 1960s
Martin Luther King, Jr.
民权运动
·
Ind
epend
ent spirit
:
cowboys
·
”
Don
’
t mess with Texas
”
: the Lone Star State
孤星州
6
.
Alaska(
俄罗斯
蕴藏油田
) & Hawaii.
·
Mt. Mckinl
ey: Highest peak
(
in Alaska
)
【重要】基本信息
National flag
:
The Stars and Stripes
星条旗
红色:
courage
白色:
purity
蓝色:
justice
50
颗星:
50
个州
十三条:最初的
13
个殖民地
Vermont,New Hampshire,Massachusetts,Rhod
e Island,Connecticut,New
York,Pennsylvania,Maryl and(
),Delaware,New Jersey,North
Carolina,South Carolina,Georgia
National anthem
国歌:
“
Star- spangl
ed Banner
”星条旗永不落
“
Land of the free, home of the brave
”
首都:
Washington
,
D.C.,
the
Washington Monument
纪念碑
(
位处
White
House
与
Jeffeson Memorial
中间;
亦位处
Lincoln Memorial
与
U.S. Capitol
中间
) Capitol
Hill
国会山
(
国会建在此山上
) the Refl
ection Pool
反思湖
人口组成:
68
.
5
%
White/Mixed;
13% Hispanic;
13% African American;
4% Asian;
1.5% Native
美国西部
Angel Island Immigration Station in San Francisco Bay
·
Gol
d Rush in 1848
·
the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
1882
年排华法案
“
paper sons
”
of Chinese Americans
排华法案后自称是美国华裔的孩子
二:历史
1.
American Tribes
土著
与白人争夺
buffalo
皮与舌头
2
.
Christopher Columbus 1492
欧洲人殖民(英、法、西、墨西哥)
3
.
Puritans
:
mod
el society
移民的清教徒:民主的先驱
政治参与度高
To
fl
ee
religious
persecution;
For
self-governing
community;
As
a
shining
city
upon the hill
13 British Col
onies: Virginia(
最早
)
,
Massachusetts(Boston)
4
.
Revolutionary War
起因:
English-French War
(
for more land
)
英国土地多,
因此派兵多。
欲征收重税作军饷
Victorious English raised American
taxes
,遭到反对“
No taxation without representation
”
Boston Tea Party
波士顿倾茶事件
Militia and patriots
民兵、散兵(法国联合美国)
v.s. Red Coat
(英国)
1775
年:
Lexington
雷克 星顿第一枪
(
Massachusetts
马萨诸塞州)
“独立战争”
爆发
1776
年
7
月< br>4
日
(国庆节)
:
Declaration of Ind
e pend
ence
独立宣言
(
Philad
elphia,
Pennsylvania
宾州费城
Thomas Jefferson
)
华盛顿组织大陆军
1781
年:
England surrend
er at Yorktown, Virginia.
英国被美法联合打败。
1787
年:
Constitution& Founding Fathers
国父。包括以下人物:
Framers
:
James Madison(
“
Father of the Constitution
”
,4th presid
ent)
Benjamin Franklin
Al
exand
er Hamilton(1st US Secretary of the Treasury)
George Washington(1st presid
ent)
Signers:
John Adams(2nd president)
Thomas Jefferson(drafter of the Declaration of Ind
epend
ence, 3rd presid
ent)
John Jay
Capitals
引发两次迁都:
New York
受损严重
迁往费城
(签署独立宣言及制宪)
后
迁往
Washington D.C.(
华盛顿为第一任总统
)
5
.
Manifest Destiny
领土扩张
Westward Movement
西进运动
from Atlantic to Pacific
1803
年
Presid
ent Jefferson
从
N apol
eon
手中购入
Louisiana
,
d
oubl
ed the
country
’
s size
与
印
第
安
人
的
territorial
wars&
land
treaties
:
native
Americans
were
dispossessed of land through d
eceptions and conflicts
1830
“
Indian Removal Act
”
排印第安人“
Trial of tears
”
1862
”
Homestead Act
”
填补空地
Lincoln
Battles lasted until 1876
此时土著人口丧失
92
%
6
.
Civil War
非洲奴隶贸易
&
美国南部种植园经济:
slaves labored on cotton, tobacco and sugar
cane plantations
不人道
1600s
—
1865
Political, economic and moral divisions between the North and the South
分歧产
生
Congress outlawed the imports of slaves after 1808
Slave states v.s. New western states became free states
Lincoln(antislavery;1st
Republican
presid
ent) became Presid
ent in 1861
Southern States broke away from the union
脱离联邦,组成邦联
the Confed
erate States/Confed
eracy
Agricultural South: Military l
ead
ers, steely resolve
Industrial North: Communications, manufacturing, manpower
Result: the South was d
efeated in 1865
Reconstruction
战后重建期
7
.
Industrial Revolution
工业革命
After the Irish and the Chinese built the transcontinental railway across
J.P
.
Morgan: Banking; John Rockefell
er: Oil; Andrew Carnegie: Steel
Tradition of philanthropy
企业家慈善传统
The mid
dl
e class: Progressive Movement.
Advocate workers
’
rights;Improve working conditions
8.
Put an End to Isolationism
孤立主义
远离欧洲干涉:
George Washington
’
s Farewell Ad
dress: Unnecessary alliances; Foreign
entangl
ements(
纠结
)
Monroe Doctrine
门罗宣言
1823
“
America for Americans
”
1867 Alaska purchase from Russia
1898 Spanish- American War &
Hawaii annexation
Policeman of the worl
d
世界警察
Early
1900s
:
Theodore
Roosevelt
Deterrence(
震
慑
)
through
military
preparedness. Big stick
大棒政策;
Sea power
发展海军力量
(加勒比海)
;
Panama
Canal opened up in 1914
巴拿马运河
Gil
ed Age
Worl
d War One 1914
-
1918
The Allies
协约国
:UK, Russia,Italy, France, US
组成联盟
(
威尔逊总统
)
The Central Powers
同盟国
: Germany, Austria-Hungary,Turkey
9
.
Great Depression
大萧条
1920s
:
Roaring Twenties
喧嚣的二十年代(
Jazz, dancing, happiness
)
Mass consumption and production
生产过剩
Speculation
投机行为
stock markt collapse
1929.10.24
Franklin D. Roosevelt
’
s New Deal
罗斯福新政(重新发牌)取代总统胡福
颁布许多法案
bills to acts
,重振经济
WPA
PWA
AAA
10
.
Worl
d War Two 1939
-
1945
The Axis powers: Germany, Italy,Japan
The Allies: UK(the British Empire),France,USSR(Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics
苏联
)
,
China, US
1941.12.7
日本偷袭
Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
Normandy landing
诺曼底登陆
Eisenhower(34th ;1953-1961)
Patton
General Purpose/GP:
“
JEEP
”吉普车
1942 The Manhattan Project
曼哈顿计划
1945
Presid
ent
Truman(33rd;1945-1952)
:
Atomic
bombs
on
Japan
instead
of
troops
原子弹短平快
广岛
,
长崎
11
.
The Col
d War
冷战时期
1947 Marshall Plan
(
Turkey and Greece
)马歇尔计划
1949 NATO(North Pacific Treaty Organization) created
北约成立
Senator McCarthy investigated Communist activities
质疑本国有共产党活动
Presid
ent Truman
’
s containment of Communist countries
抑制共产主义扩散
1950
-
1953
Korean War
朝鲜战争
麦克阿瑟
1964
-
1975
Vietnam War
越战
“
may we never forget that freed
om is not free
”
Arms Race/Space Race
军备竞赛,太空竞赛
Proliferation of nucl
ear weapons
防止核武器扩散
1962 Cuban missil
e crisis
(临近
Fl
orida
)
1963 John F. Kennedy was assassinated
总统肯尼迪被暗杀
12
.
The Turbul
ent Sixties
动荡、暗杀
1964-75
Vietnam War polarized the nation
国家分裂;
58
,
000 lives lost
1964 Great Society. Presid
ent Johnson
’
s
“
Civil Rights Act
”
end
ed racial segregation
约翰逊民权法案(
Rights of women, homosexuals and immigrant workers
)
1969 Apoll
o Project
阿波罗计划
Neil Armstrong
(
1
)
,Al
drin, Jr.
(
2
)
三.政治制度
1787 the Constitution
effective in 1789
1791
the
Bill
of
Rights
人权法案
(宪法前十个修正案:包括
rights
of
religion,
speech, press, assemble, petition
)
1
.
Separation of powers
三权分立
报酬英文-bitch的意思
报酬英文-bitch的意思
报酬英文-bitch的意思
报酬英文-bitch的意思
报酬英文-bitch的意思
报酬英文-bitch的意思
报酬英文-bitch的意思
报酬英文-bitch的意思
本文更新与2021-01-19 08:03,由作者提供,不代表本网站立场,转载请注明出处:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao/531335.html
-
上一篇:酒店房间英文缩写
下一篇:秘书个人优缺点总结怎么写(en)