godd张汉熙《高级英语》第二册课后释义

2021年1月19日发(作者：吐温)

1.

2.

3.

We’re
elevated 23 feet
. =our house has been raised by 23 feet in comparison with the past.
The place (house) has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered (caused any damage to it)
We can batten down and ride it out.
=we can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without
much damage.

4.

The
generator
was
doused,
and
the
lights
went
out
.
=water
got
into
the
generator
and
put
it
out.
It
stopped
producing electricity, so the light also went out.
5.

John watched the water lap at the steps, and felt a crushing guilt.
=as john watched the water inch its way up the
steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to
flee inland.
6.

Janis
had
just
one
delayed
reaction.

=Janis
displayed
rather
late
the
exhaustion
brought
about
by
the
nervous
tension caused by the hurricane.
1.

2.

3.

and it is an activity only of humans
=and conversation is an activity which is found only among human beings
conversation is not for making a point
= conversation is not for persuading others to accept our ideas
in fact, the best conversationalists are those who are prepared to lose
= in fact, a person who really enjoys and is
skilled at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his viewpoint
4.

bar friends are not deeply involved in each other
’
lives
= people who meet each others for a drink in a bar are not
intimate friends for they are not deeply absorbed in each others
’
life
5.

6.

it could still go ignorantly on
= the conversation could go without anybody knowing who was right or wrong
there are cattle in the fields, but we sit down to beef
=these animals are called cattle when they are alive and
feeding in the fields; but when we sit down at table to eat we called their meat beef
7.

the new ruling class had built a cultural barrier him by building their French against his own lg.
= the new
ruling class by using French instead of eg made it difficult for the eg to accept or absorb the culture of the rulers
8.

9.

eg had come royally into its own
=the eg lg received proper recognition and was used by the king once more
the phrase has always been used a little pejoratively and even facetiously by the lower classes
= the phrase, the
king
’
s eg, has always disrespectfully and jokingly by the lower classes. The working people very often made fun of
the proper and formal lg of the educational people
10.

the rebellion against a cultural dominance is still there
=there still exists in the working people, as in the early
Saxon peasants, a spirit of opposition to the cultural authority of the ruling class

11.

there is always a great danger that
”
words will harden into things for us
”

= there is always a great danger that
we might forget that words are only symbols and take them for things they are supposed to represent
12.

even with the most educated and the most literate, the King
’
s eg slips and slides in conversation
= even the
most educated and liberated people use non-standard, informal, rather than standard, formal eg in their conversation
13.

And yet the same revolutionary belief for which our forebears fought is still at issue around the globe.
=but
today this issue has not been decided in many countries around the world.
14.

United, there is little we cannot do in host of cooperative ventures.
=bound together we can accomplish a lot of
things in the variety of joint ventures.
15.

But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.
=we will not allow any enemy
country to subvert this peaceful revolution which brings hope of progress to all our countries.
16.

Our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace.
=the
US is our last and best hope of survival in an age where the instruments of war have far surpassed the instruments of
peace.
17.

Before
the
dark
powers
of
destruction
unleashed
by
science
engulf
all
humanity
in
planned
or
accidental
self-destruction.
= before the terrible forces of destruction which science can now release, overwhelm
mankind;
before this self-destruction, which may be planned or brought about by an accident, takes place.

18.

Yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind
’
s final war.
=yet both
groups of nations are trying to change as quickly as possible this uncertain balance of terrible military power which
restrains each group from an launching mankind
’
s final war.
19.

So let us begin anew (once begin), remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness.
= and
remember that being polite is not a sign of weakness.
20.

With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead
the land we love.
= our sure reward will be a good conscience and the history finally will judge whether we have
done our task well or not. Let us start leading the country we love.
21.

By the very of production, he has risen above the animal kingdom.
= because of the fact itself that man produces,
he has developed to a much higher level than or the other animals
22.

Work is also his liberator from nature, his creator as a social and independent being.
=work also frees man and
makes him into a social being independent of nature
23.

All are expressions of the creative transformation of nature by man
’
s reason and skill.
=no matter when it was
done or who did it, provides an example of man applying his intelligence and his skill to change nature creatively
24.

There is no spilt of work and play, or work and culture
. =the worker finds pleasure in his work and through work
he also develops his mind. Therefore, pleasure and work go together and so does the cultural development of the
worker and his work.
25.

Work became the chief factor in a system of
“
innerwordly asceticism
,”
an answer to man
’
s sense of aloneness
and isolation.
=work became the chief element in a system that preached an austere and self-denying way of life.
Work was the only thing that soothed those who felt alone and isolated because of his ascetic life.
26.

Work has become alienated from the working person.
=work has been separated from the worker and the worker
is not interested in it at all. Instead, he feels estranged from it or hostile to it.
27.

Work is a means of getting money, not in itself a meaningful human activity.
=work helps the worker to earn
money; except this it is not an activity with much significance
28.

a pay check is not enough to base one
’
s self-respect on =
just earning some money is not enough for a worker to
establish his self-respect
29.

most
industrial
psychologists
are
mainly
concerned
with
the
manipulation
of
the
worker
’
s
psyche
=
most
industrial psychologists are mainly trying to manage and control the workers
’
mind
30.

it is going to pay off in cold dollars and cents to management
=better relations with the public will yield large
profits to management
31.

But this usefulness often serves only as a rationalization for the appeal to complete passivity and receptivity=

the fact that gadgets are indeed useful is often used by advertisers as a mere
“high
-minded
”
cover for the real, vulgar
appeal to idleness and submissiveness.
32.

He
has
a
feeling
of
fraudulency
about
his
product
and
a
secret
contempt
for
it
=the
businessman
gets
the
knowledge that the quality of his product doesn
’
t match what it should be. Conscious of the deception involved, he
despises the goods he produces
33.

the slighted
mention
of the
decade
brings
nostalgic recollections to
the
middle-aged
.=at very
mention of the
Twenties,
middle- aged
people
began
to
recall
it
longingly
and
young
people
curious
and
began
to
ask
questions
about it
34.

the rejection of Victorian gentility was, in any case, inevitable=
anyway, it was inevitable for America to discard
Victorian gentility which upheld the middle-class respectability and affected refinement characteristics of Victorian
eg
35.

The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the
Victorian social structure
=the war only
helped to speed up the collapse of the Victorian social structure.