clap什么意思专家解析英语四级考试历年阅读真题(十一)

2021年1月19日发(作者：extent)







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Passage Three


Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.


Speeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch. But he is in
for an unwelcome surprise. The car is fitted with a remote immobiliser (
锁止器
), and
a
radio
signal
from
a
control
centre
miles
away
will
ensure
that
once
the
thief
switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again.


The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the car contains a mini-cellphone,
a
micro-processor
and
memory,
and
a
GPS
(
全球定位系统
)
satellite
positioning
receiver.
If the car is
stolen, a coded cellphone signal
will tell
the
control
centre to
block
the
vehicle
’
s
engine
management
system
and
prevent
the
engine
being
restarted.


In the UK, a set of technical fixes is already making life harder for car thieves.
‘
The pattern of vehicle crime has changed,
’

says Martyn Randall, a security expert.
He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car,
using a bare minimum of tools. But only if the car is more than 10 years old.


Modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management computer won
’
t allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition
(
点火
)
key.
In
the
UK,
technologies
like
this
have
helped
achieve
a
31%
drop
in
vehicle-related crime since 1997.


But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars, often
by getting bold of the owner
’
s keys. And key theft is responsible for 40% of the thefts
of vehicles fitted with a tracking system.


If the car travels 100 metres without the driver confirming their ID, the system
will send a signal to an operations centre that it has been stolen. The hundred metres
minimum avoids false alarms due to inaccuracies in the GPS signal.


Staff
at
the
centre
will then contact the owner to
confirm
that the
car
really is
missing, and keep police informed of the vehicle
’
s movements via the car
’
s GPS
unit.


31. What
’
s the function of the remote immobilizer fitted to a car?


A) To help the police make a surprise attack on the car thief.


B) To allow the car to lock automatically when stolen.


C) To prevent the car thief from restarting it once it stops.


D) To prevent car theft by sending a radio signal to the car owner.(C)


32. By saying
“
The pattern of vehicle crime has changed
”

(Lines 1-2. Para. 3),
Martyn Randall suggests that ________.


A) it takes a longer time for the car thief to do the stealing


B) self-prepared tools are no longer enough for car theft


C) the thief has to make use of computer technology


D) the thief has lost interest in stealing cars over 10 years old(B)


33. What is essential in making a modem car tougher to steal?








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A) A coded ignition key.


B) A unique ID card.


C) A special cellphone signal.


D) A GPS satellite positioning receiver.(A)


34. Why does the tracking system set a 100-metre minimum before sending an
alarm to the operations centre?


A) To leave time for the operations centre to give an alarm.


B) To keep police informed of the car
’
s movements.


C) To give the driver time to contact the operations centre.


D) To allow for possible errors in the GPS system.(D)


35. What will the operations centre do first after receiving an alarm?


A) Start the tracking system.


B) Contact the car owner.


C) Block the car engine.


D) Locate the missing car.(B)


这是一篇讲述汽车防盗系统的说明文。
文章开头另辟蹊 径，
以场景描述开篇，
叙述一个偷车贼在偷车逃跑的过程中如何受困于防盗系统。这个场景言简 意赅，
概括了本篇所述的防盗系统的三个要点：
immobiliser (
锁止器
)
，
a control centre(
控
制中心
)
，以及其结果
not be able to start it again(
不可启动
)
。第一段以场景描述形
象 地向读者介绍了本篇讨论的核心内容，
引起读者的阅读兴趣，
随后的第二段马
上以专业 语言对这一系统进行描述。这种布局法显然好于开篇就直接介绍防盗
[YouTheme]
系统 的工作原理。



接下来的一段援引一个安全专家的话介绍了英国国内汽车 偷盗现象的现状：
因为车上安装了一套技术装置
(a set of technical fixes)
，使得现在的偷车贼无法再
用以前的方法轻松地偷车成功。



第四段进一步讲解了这套技术装置的原理，
并指出这种技术使与车辆有关的
犯罪发生率下降了
31%(achieve a 31% drop in vehicle- related crime)
。第三、四这
两段说明的目的是为后文新的防盗系统的出现做好 铺垫——因为旧有的方法不
再奏效，许多偷车贼开始使用一种更为原始的方式：
getting hold of the owner
’
s
keys(
偷钥匙
)< br>，本文的所介绍的防盗系统就是为了应付这种偷盗方式而出现的—
—这是第五段的内容。

文章的最后两段具体说明了这种系统的工作方式。
第六代说明的是汽车失窃
的第一阶段 ：
发出信号
“
send a signal to an operations centre that it has been stolen
”
。
第七段说明第 二阶段：工作人员确认失窃，并协助警方追捕盗贼。


31. What
’
s the function of the remote immobilizer fitted to a car?


A) To help the police make a surprise attack on the car thief.


B) To allow the car to lock automatically when stolen.


C) To prevent the car thief from restarting it once it stops.


D) To prevent car theft by sending a radio signal to the car owner.(C)


题目问轿车上安装的远程锁止器的功能是什么。



文 章第一次提到锁止器是在第一段第二行，
纵观四个题支，
其内容涉及
得基本全部是第一 段。把第一段的内容理解透彻之后，得出正确结论并不难。



第一段前两 句是一种场景描述，
意在构筑类似小说的情景。
最后一个长
句才是关键。前半句
The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer
，汽车安装了一个








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远程锁止器
;and a radio signal from a control centre miles away will ensure that once
the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again
，
一个数英里外的
控制中心会发送一种无线电信 号，
一旦窃贼关掉引擎，
就不可能再点着了。
乍看
之下，
作者并没有 说锁止器和引擎失效之间的联系，
因为锁死引擎的信号是控制
中心发出的，
而控制中心 和锁止器在这一段中并没有发生联系。
要详细了解这套
系统的工作方式，
还要看第二段 。
第二段给出了具体说明：
车上安装了一套设备，
如果汽车被偷，
就会发出手 机信号告知控制中心锁死汽车的引擎控制系统，
不让
引擎再次启动。



A
，帮助警察对偷车贼发动突然袭击。在本文的例子中，锁止器确实帮
了警 察这个忙
(he is in for an unwelcome surprise)
，但很显然帮警察发动突然袭击
不是它的功能。



B
，使汽车被偷时自动锁死。
Automaticlly
，自动地 。但由第二段
signal
will tell the control centre to block
可知，
锁死汽车的是控制中心，
汽车并不是自动
锁死的。



C
，它停止时防止偷车贼重新启动它。这句话应该就是出题者心目中的< br>答案。不过从纯语言的角度讲，这句话也存在问题，问题就在于
it
指代不清。题
目问的是
What
’
s the function of the remote immobilizer fitted to a car?
那么完整的
回答就应该是
the function of the remote immobilizer fitted to a car is to prevent the
car thief from restarting it once it stops
。
在这个句子中，
后面的
it
不可能是指的
car
，
因为
car
是
thief
的定语，不是实体。按照这句话的结构，
it
指的应该是锁止器，
那么
C
的说法就错了。如果出题人能把题支 改成
To
prevent
the
car
thief
from
restarting the engine once it stops
就没有问题了。



D
，
通过向汽车 主人发送无线电信号防止汽车被偷。
根据第三段的内容，
无线电信号是发送给了控制中心
(signal will tell the control centre to)
，而不是汽车
的主人。



32. By saying
“
The pattern of vehicle crime has changed
”

(Lines 1-2. Para.
3), Martyn Randall suggests that ________.


A) it takes a longer time for the car thief to do the stealing


B) self-prepared tools are no longer enough for car theft


C) the thief has to make use of computer technology


D) the thief has lost interest in stealing cars over 10 years old(B)


题目问
Randall
所说的
The pattern of vehicle crime has changed
是指什么。



A
，偷车贼偷窃汽车所费时间更长了。



B
，自行准备的工具对于偷窃汽车来说已经不够用了。



C
，窃贼不得不使用电脑技术。



D
，窃贼已经对偷窃汽车失去兴趣超过十年了。



对于 理解文中某句话的意义这类题，
只能通过上下文的内容进行逻辑推
理找出答案。这句话的本意是 “车辆犯罪的方式已经发生了变化”
。
Randall
说出
这句话是在第三段 中间部分，这一句之前的一句是
In
the
UK,
a
set
of
technical
fixes is already making life harder for car thieves
，意思是在英国，一套技术装置已
经让偷车贼们感到生活更为艰难了。之后的二句是
He says it would only take him
a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. But
only if the car is more than 10 years old
，
意思是一个偷车贼教会一个人用最少的工
具偷车只需几分钟，但除非那车已经是十多年前的了。