价签英文802.11术语及英文解释

2021年1月19日发(作者：gucci是什么意思)
802.11
缩略术语

For
the
purposes
of
this
standard,
the
following
terms
and
definitions
apply.
The
Authoritative
Dictionary of

IEEE Standards Terms
[B11] should be referenced for terms not defined in this clause.
access category (AC): A label for the common set of enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA)
parameters that are used by a quality of service (QoS) station (STA) to contend for the channel in order
to
transmit medium access control (MAC) service data units (MSDUs) with certain priorities.
access control: The prevention of unauthorized usage of resources.
access
point
(AP):
Any
entity
that
has
station
(STA)
functionality
and
provides
access
to
the
distribution
services, via the wireless medium (WM) for associated STAs.
additional authentication data (AAD): Data that are not encrypted, but are cryptographically protected.
ad hoc network: Often used as a venacular term for an independent basic service set (IBSS).
admission control: An algorithm to ensure that admittance of a new flow into a resource constrained
network does not violate parameterized service commitments made by the network to admitted flows.
aggregated schedule: The aggregation of delivery and/or poll schedules by the quality of service (QoS)
access point (AP) for a particular non-access point (non-AP) QoS station (STA) into a single service
period
(SP).
association: The service used to establish access point/station (AP/STA) mapping and enable STA
invocation of the distribution system services (DSSs).
authentication: The service used to establish the identity of one station (STA) as a member of the set of
STAs authorized to associate with another STA.
authentication and key management (AKM) suite: A set of one or more algorithms designed to provide
authentication
and
key
management,
either
individually
or
in
combination
with
higher
layer
authentication
and key management algorithms outside the scope of this standard.
Authentication Server (AS): An entity that provides an authentication service to an Authenticator. This
service
determines,
from
the
credentials
provided
by
the
Supplicant,
whether
the
Supplicant
is
authorized to
access the services provided by the Authenticator. (IEEE Std 802.1X-2004[1]
1
)
Authenticator: An entity at one end of a point-to-point LAN segment that facilitates authentication of
the
entity attached to the other end of that link. (IEEE Std 802.1X-2004)
Authenticator address (AA): The medium access control (MAC) address of the IEEE 802.1X
Authenticator.
authorized: To be explicitly allowed

basic service area (BSA): The area containing the members of a basic service set (BSS). It may contain
members of other BSSs.
basic service set (BSS): A set of stations (STAs) that have successfully synchronized using the JOIN
service primitives[2]
1
and one STA that has used the START primitive. Membership in a BSS does not
imply that wireless communication with all other members of the BSS is possible.
big endian: The concept that, for a given multi-octet numeric representation, the most significant octet
has
the lowest address.
broadcast address: A unique multicast address that specifies all stations (STAs).
channel: An instance of communications medium use for the purpose of passing protocol data units
(PDUs) between two or more stations (STAs).
channel spacing: The difference between the center frequencies of two nonoverlapping and adjacent
channels of the radio transmitter.
cipher suite: A set of one or more algorithms, designed to provide data confidentiality, data authenticity
or
integrity, and/or replay protection.
clear channel assessment (CCA) function: That logical function in the physical layer (PHY) that
determines the current state of use of the wireless medium (WM).
contention-free period (CFP): The time period during operation of a point coordination function (PCF)
when the right to transmit is assigned to stations (STAs) solely by a point coordinator (PC), allowing
frame
exchanges to occur between members of the basic service set (BSS) without contention for the wireless
medium (WM).
contention
period
(CP):
The
time
period
outside
of
the
contention-free
period
(CFP)
in
a
pointcoordinated
basic
service
set
(BSS).
In
a
BSS
where
there
is
no
point
coordinator
(PC),
this
corresponds to
the entire time of operation of the BSS.
controlled access phase (CAP): A time period when the hybrid coordinator (HC) maintains control of
the
medium,
after
gaining
medium
access
by
sensing
the
channel
to
be
idle
for
a
point
coordination
function
(PCF) interframe space (PIFS) duration. It may span multiple consecutive transmission opportunities
(TXOPs) and can contain polled TXOPs.
coordination
function:
The
logical
function
that
determines
when
a
station
(STA)
operating
within
a
basic
service set (BSS) is permitted to transmit protocol data units (PDUs) via the wireless medium (WM).
The
coordination function within a BSS may have one hybrid coordination function (HCF), or it may have
one
HCF
and
one
point
coordination
function
(PCF)
and
will
have
one
distributed
coordination
function
(DCF).
A quality of service (QoS) BSS will have one DCF and one HCF.
contention-free (CF) pollable: A station (STA) that is able to respond to a CF poll with a data frame if
such a frame is queued and able to be generated.
Counter mode with Cipher-block chaining Message authentication code (CCM): A symmetric key
block
cipher
mode
providing
confidentiality
using
counter
mode
(CTR)
and
data
origin
authenticity
using
cipher-block chaining message authentication code (CBC-MAC).
cryptographic encapsulation: The process of generating the cryptographic payload from the plaintext
data.
This
comprises
the
cipher
text
as
well
as
any
associated
cryptographic
state
required
by
the
receiver of
the data, e.g., initialization vectors (IVs), sequence numbers, message integrity codes (MICs), key
identifiers.
data confidentiality: A property of information that prevents disclosure to unauthorized individuals,
entities, or processes.
deauthentication service: The service that voids an existing authentication relationship.
decapsulate: To recover an unprotected frame from a protected one.
decapsulation: The process of generating plaintext data by decapsulating an encapsulated frame.
delivery-enabled access category (AC): A quality of service (QoS) access point (AP) AC where the AP
is
allowed
to
use
enhanced
distributed
channel
access
(EDCA)
to
deliver
traffic
from
the
AC
to
a
non-access
point (non-AP) QoS station (STA) in an unscheduled service period (SP) triggered by the STA.
directed frame:
See:
unicast frame.
direct link: A bidirectional link from one non-access point (non- AP) quality of service (QoS) station
(STA) to another non-AP QoS STA operating in the same infrastructure QoS basic service set (BSS)
that
does not pass through a QoS access point (AP). Once a direct link has been set up, all frames between
the
two non-AP QoS STAs are exchanged directly.
disassociation service: The service that removes an existing association.
distributed coordination function (DCF): A class of coordination function where the same coordination
function logic is active in every station (STA) in the basic service set (BSS) whenever the network is in
operation.
distribution service: The service that, by using association information, delivers medium access control
(MAC) service data units (MSDUs) within the distribution system (DS).
distribution
system
(DS):
A
system
used
to
interconnect
a
set
of
basic
service
sets
(BSSs)
and
integrated
local area networks (LANs) to create an extended service set (ESS).
distribution system medium (DSM): The medium or set of media used by a distribution system (DS)
for
communications between access points (APs) and portals of an extended service set (ESS).
distribution system service (DSS): The set of services provided by the distribution system (DS) that
enable
the
medium
access
control
(MAC)
to
transport
MAC
service
data
units
(MSDUs)
between
stations
(STAs)
that
are
not
in
direct
communication
with
each
other
over
a
single
instance
of
the
wireless
medium
(WM). These services include transport of MSDUs between the access points (APs) of basic service
sets
(BSSs) within an extended service set (ESS), transport of MSDUs between portals and BSSs within an
ESS,
and
transport
of
MSDUs
between
STAs
in
the
same
BSS
in
cases
where
the
MSDU
has
a
multicast or
broadcast
destination
address
or
where
the
destination
is
an
individual
address
and
the
STA
is
associated
with an AP. DSSs are provided between pairs of IEEE 802.11 MACs.
downlink: A unidirectional link from an access point (AP) to one or more non-AP stations (STAs).
dynamic frequency selection (DFS): Facilities mandated to satisfy requirements in some regulatory
domains for
radar detection
and
uniform
channel
spreading
in
the
5
GHz
band. These
facilities
may
also be
used for other purposes, such as automatic frequency planning.
dynamic frequency selection (DFS) owner: A station (STA) in an independent basic service set (IBSS)
that
takes
responsibility
for
selecting
the
next
channel
after
radar
is
detected operating
in
a
channel.
Due to
the
nature of IBSSs,
it cannot be guaranteed that there
will be a single DFS owner at any particular
time
and the protocol is robust to this situation.
EAPOL-Key confirmation key (KCK): A key used to integrity-check an EAPOL-Key frame.
EAPOL- Key encryption key (KEK): A key used to encrypt the Key Data field in an EAPOL-Key frame.
effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP): The equivalent power of a transmitted signal in terms of an
isotropic
(omnidirectional)
radiator.
The
EIRP
equals
the
product
of
the
transmitter
power
and
the
antenna
gain (reduced by any coupling losses between the transmitter and antenna).
encapsulate: To construct a protected frame from an unprotected frame.
encapsulation: The process of generating an protected frame by encapsulating plaintext data.
enhanced
distributed
channel
access
(EDCA):
The
prioritized
carrier
sense
multiple
access
with
collision
avoidance (CSMA/CA) access mechanism used by quality of service (QoS) stations (STAs) in a QoS
basic
service set (BSS). This access mechanism is also used by the QoS access point (AP) and operates
concurrently with hybrid coordination function (HCF) controlled channel access (HCCA).
enhanced distributed channel access function (EDCAF): A logical function in a quality of service (QoS)
station (STA) that determines, using enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA), when a frame in the
transmit queue with the associated access category (AC) is permitted to be transmitted via the wireless
medium (WM). There is one EDCAF per AC.
extended service area (ESA): The area within which members of an extended service set (ESS) may
communicate. An ESA is larger than or equal to a basic service area (BSA) and may involve several
basic
service sets (BSSs) in overlapping, disjointed, or both configurations.
extended service set (ESS): A set of one or more interconnected basic service sets (BSSs) that appears
as a
single BSS to the logical link control (LLC) layer at any station (STA) associated
with
one of those
BSSs.
4-Way Handshake: A pairwise key management protocol defined by this standard. This handshake
confirms mutual possession of a pairwise master key (PMK) by two parties and distributes a group
temporal key (GTK).
4-Way station- to-station link (STSL) transient key (STK) Handshake: A key management protocol
between two parties that confirms mutual possession of an STSL master key (SMK) and distributes an
STK.
fragmentation: The process of segmenting a medium access control (MAC) service data unit (MSDU)
or
MAC management protocol data unit (MMPDU) into a sequence of smaller MAC protocol data units
(MPDUs) prior to transmission. The process of recombining a set of fragment MPDUs into an MSDU
or
MMPDU
is
known
as
defragmentation.
These
processes
are
described
in
5.8.1.9
of
ISO/IEC
7498-1:1994.
Gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK): A modulation scheme in which the data are first filtered by a
Gaussian filter in the baseband and then modulated with a simple frequency modulation.
group: The entities in a wireless network, e.g., an access point (AP) and its associated stations (STAs),
or
all the STAs in an independent basic service set (IBSS) network.
Group Key Handshake: A group key management protocol defined by this standard. It is used only to
issue a new group temporal key (GTK) to peers with whom the local station (STA) has already formed
security associations.
group master key (GMK): An auxiliary key that may be used to derive a group temporal key (GTK).
group temporal key (GTK): A random value, assigned by the broadcast/multicast source, which is used
to
protect
broadcast/multicast
medium
access
control
(MAC)
protocol
data
units
(MPDUs)
from
that
source.
The GTK may be derived from a group master key (GMK).
group temporal key security association (GTKSA): The context resulting from a successful group
temporal key (GTK) distribution exchange via either a Group Key Handshake or a 4-Way Handshake.
hidden station (STA): A STA whose transmissions cannot be detected using carrier sense (CS) by a
second STA, but whose transmissions interfere with transmissions from the second STA to a third STA
hybrid coordination function (HCF): A coordination function that combines and enhances aspects of the
contention-based
and
contention-free
access
methods
to
provide
quality
of
service
(QoS)
stations
(STAs)
with
prioritized
and
parameterized
QoS
access
to
the
wireless
medium
(WM),
while
continuing
to
support
non-QoS STAs for best-effort transfer. The HCF includes the functionality provided by both enhanced
distributed
channel
access
(EDCA)
and
HCF
controlled
channel
access
(HCCA).
The
HCF
is
compatible
with the distributed coordination function (DCF) and the point coordination function (PCF). It supports
a
uniform set of frame formats and exchange sequences that STAs may use during both the contention
period
(CP) and the contention- free period (CFP).
hybrid coordinator (HC): A type of coordinator, defined as part of the quality of service (QoS) facility,
that implements the frame exchange sequences and medium access control (MAC) service data unit
(MSDU) handling rules defined by the hybrid coordination function (HCF). The HC operates during
both
the
contention
period
(CP)
and
contention-free
period
(CFP).
The
HC
performs
bandwidth
management
including the allocation of transmission opportunities (TXOPs) to QoS stations (STAs). The HC is
collocated with a QoS access point (AP).
hybrid coordination function (HCF) controlled channel access (HCCA): The channel access
mechanism utilized by the hybrid coordinator (HC) to coordinate contention-free media use by quality
of
service (QoS) stations (STAs) for downlink unicast, uplink, and direct-link transmissions.
IEEE 802.1X authentication:
Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) authentication transported by
the
IEEE 802.1X protocol.
independent basic service set (IBSS):
A basis service set (BSS) that
forms a
self-contained network,
and
in which no access to a distribution system (DS) is available.
individual address:
See:
unicast address.
infrastructure: The infrastructure includes the distribution system medium (DSM), access point (AP),
and
portal
entities.
It
is
also
the
logical
location
of
distribution
and
integration
service
functions
of
an
extended
service set (ESS). An infrastructure contains one or more APs and zero or more portals in addition to
the
distribution system (DS).
integration
service:
The
service
that
enables
delivery
of
medium
access
control
(MAC)
service
data
units
(MSDUs) between the distribution system (DS) and a non-IEEE-802.11 local area network (LAN) (via
a
portal).
key counter: A 256-bit (32-octet) counter that is used in the pseudo-random function (PRF) to generate
initialization vectors (IVs). There is a single key counter per station (STA) that is global to that STA.
key
data
encapsulation
(KDE):
Format
for
data
other
than
information
elements
in
the
EAPOL-Key
Data
field.
key
management
service:
A
service
to
distribute
and
manage
cryptographic
keys
within
a
robust
security
network (RSN).
link: In the context of an IEEE 802.11 medium access control (MAC) entity, a physical path consisting
of
exactly one traversal of the wireless medium (WM) that is used to transfer an MAC service data unit
(MSDU) between two stations (STAs).
link margin: Ratio of the received signal power to the minimum desired by the station (STA). The STA
may incorporate rate information and channel conditions, including interference, into its computation
of
link margin. The specific algorithm for computing the link margin is implementation dependent.
little endian: The concept that, for a given multi-octet numeric representation, the least significant octet
has the lowest address.
liveness: A demonstration that the peer is actually participating in this instance of communication.
master session key (MSK): Keying material that is derived between the Extensible Authentication
Protocol (EAP) peer and exported by the EAP method to the Authentication Server (AS). This key is at
least 64 octets in length.
medium access control (MAC) management protocol data unit (MMPDU): The unit of data exchanged
between two peer MAC entities, using services of the physical layer (PHY), to implement the MAC
management protocol.
medium access control (MAC) protocol data unit (MPDU): The unit of data exchanged between two
peer MAC entities using the services of the physical layer (PHY).
medium access control (MAC) service data unit (MSDU): Information that is delivered as a unit
between MAC service access points (SAPs).
message integrity code (MIC): A value generated by a cryptographic function. If the input data are
changed,
a
new
value
cannot
be
correctly
computed
without
knowledge
of
the
cryptographic
key(s)
used by
the cryptographic function. This is traditionally called a
message authentication code
(MAC), but the
acronym MAC is already reserved for another meaning in this standard.
Michael: The message integrity code (MIC) for the Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP).
mobile station (STA): A type of STA that uses network communications while in motion.
multicast: When applied to a medium access control (MAC) service data unit (MSDU), it is an MSDU
with a multicast address as the destination address (DA). When applied to a MAC protocol data unit
(MPDU)
or
control
frame,
it
is
an
MPDU
or
control
frame
with
a
multicast
address
as
the
receiver
address
(RA).
multicast address: A medium access control (MAC) address that has the group bit set.
multicast-group
address:
A
medium
access
control
(MAC)
address
associated
by
higher
level
convention
with a group of logically related stations (STAs).
network allocation vector (NA
V): An indicator, maintained by each station (STA), of time periods when
transmission onto the wireless medium (WM) will not be initiated by the STA whether or not the STA's
clear channel assessment (CCA) function senses that the WM is busy.
non- access point (non-AP) quality of service (QoS) station (STA): A STA that supports the QoS facility,
but is not an access point (AP). A non-AP STA does not have an hybrid coordinator (HC) and uses the
QoS
AP for the distribution system services (DSSs).
nonce: A numerical value, used in cryptographic operations associated with a given cryptographic key,
that
is not to be reused with that key, including over allreinitializations of the system through all time.
non-quality of service (non- QoS) access point (AP): An AP that does not support the quality of service
(QoS) facility.
non-quality of service (non-QoS) basic service set (BSS): A BSS that does not support the quality of
service (QoS) facility.
non-quality of service (non-QoS) station (STA): A STA that does not support the quality of service
(QoS) facility.
pairwise: Referring to, or an attribute of, two entities that are associated with each other, e.g., an access