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branch是什么意思微观经济学-(英文版)名词解释

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2021-01-19 09:35
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alce-branch是什么意思

2021年1月19日发(作者:dollars是什么意思)

微观经济名词解释

CHAPTER 1
Scarcity

the limited nature of society’s resources.

Economics

the study of how society manages its scarce resources.
Efficiency

the property of society getting the most it can from its scarce resources.
Equity

the property of distributing economic prosperity fairly among the members of society.
Opportunity cost

whatever must be given up to obtain some item.
Rational people

people who systematically and purposefully do the best they can to achieve their objectives.
Marginal changes

small incremental adjustments to a plan of action.
Incentive

something that induces a person to act.
Market
economy

an
economy
that
allocates
resources
through
the
decentralized
decisions
of
many
firms
and
households as they interact in markets for goods and services.
Property rights

the ability of an individual to own and exercise control over scarce resources.
Market failure

a situation in which a market left on its own fails to allocate resources efficiently.
Externality

the impact of one person’s ac
tions on the well-being of a bystander.
Market power

the ability of a single economic actor (or small group of actors) to have a substantial influence on
market prices.
Productivity

the quantity of goods and services produced from each hour of a worker’s t
ime.
Inflation

an increase in the overall level of prices in the economy.
Business cycle

fluctuations in economic activity, such as employment and production.
CHAPTER 2
Circular-flow
diagram

a
visual
model
of
the
economy
that
shows
how
dollars
flow
through
markets
among
households and firms.
Production possibilities frontier

a graph that shows the combinations of output that the economy can possibly
produce given the available factors of production and the available production technology.
Microeconomics

the study of how households and firms make decisions and how they interact in markets.
Macroeconomics

the
study
of
economy-wide
phenomena,
including
inflation,
unemployment,
and
economic
growth.
Positive statements

claims that attempt to describe the world as it is.
Normative statements

claims that attempt to prescribe how the world should be.
Chapter 3


Absolute advantage

the ability to produce a good using fewer inputs than another producer

Opportunity cost

whatever must be given up to obtain some item
Comparative advantage

the ability to produce a good at a lower opportunity cost than another producer
Exports

goods produced domestically
合乎国内的
and sold abroad
Imports

goods produced abroad and sold domestically
CHAPTER 4
Market

a group of buyers and sellers of a particular good or service

Competitive
market

a
market
in
which
there
are
many
buyers
and
many
sellers
so
that
each
has
a
negligible
impact on the market price
Quantity demanded

the amount of a good that buyers are willing and able to purchase.

alce-branch是什么意思


alce-branch是什么意思


alce-branch是什么意思


alce-branch是什么意思


alce-branch是什么意思


alce-branch是什么意思


alce-branch是什么意思


alce-branch是什么意思



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