already什么意思基础提升考研真题阅读每日一篇(26)(2013.4.1)

2021年1月19日发(作者：alibi)
2003 T
ext 2


To
paraphrase
18th-century statesman Edmund Burke,
cause is that good people do nothing.
biomedical
research because of the
theory that animals have rights ruling out their use in research. Scientists need to
respond
forcefully to animal
rights
advocate
s,
whose
argument
s
are
confusing
the
public
and
thereby
threatening
advances
in
health
knowledge and care. Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on
public funding, and few people understand the process of health care research. Hearing
allegation
s of cruelty to
animals in research settings, many are
perplex
ed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.



For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a
brochure
that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is tested in animals
—
no meat, no fur,
no medicines. Asked if she opposed
immunization
s, she wanted to know if
vaccine
s come from animal research.
When assured that they do, she replied,
epidemic
s
return, she said,
, scientists will find some way of using computers.
don't understand.



Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable way
—
in
human terms, not in the language of molecular biology. We need to make clear the connection between animal
research and a grandmother's hip replacement, a father's
bypass
operation, a baby's
vaccination
s, and even a pet's
shots. To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new
treatments and vaccines, animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.



Much can be done. Scientists could
should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a
deceptive
appearance of truth. Research institutions could be opened to tours, to show that laboratory animals
receive
humane
care.
Finally
,
because
the
ultimate

stakeholders
are
patients,
the
health
research
community
should actively
recruit
to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made
courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment. If good people
do nothing, there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will
extinguish
the precious
embers
of medical
progress.

46. The author begins his article with Edmund Burke's words to ________.


[A] call on scientists to take some actions



[B] criticize the misguided cause of animal rights



[C] warn of the doom of biomedical research



[D] show the triumph of the animal rights movement

47. Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is ________.


[A] cruel but natural



[B] inhuman and unacceptable



[C] inevitable but
vicious




[D] pointless and wasteful

48. The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public's ________.


[A] discontent with animal research



[B]
ignorance
about medical science



[C] indifference to epidemics



[D] anxiety about animal rights

49. The author believes that, in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates, scientists should ________.


[A] communicate more with the public



[B] employ hi-tech means in research



[C] feel no shame for their cause



[D] strive to develop new cures

50. From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is ________.


[A] a well-known humanist



[B] a medical practitioner



[C] an enthusiast in animal rights



[D] a supporter of animal research






46.
[A]
本题的难度值为
0.316
，
中等难度
。




该小题问的是作者在篇首引用
Edmund Burke
的话的含义。



这道题与第
42
小 题有类似之处，实际上考查了考生对文章主旨要义的理解。篇首的话在篇尾得到
了呼应：
“If good people do nothing, there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the
precious embers of medical prog ress.”
。一首一尾的呼应突出了这篇文章的中心：呼唤科学家们采取行动，
切勿让人们的 无知阻碍了医学的发展。所以应该选
A
。答对的考生有
31.6
％，属中等难 度的题目，区分
度较好。



有
43.4
％的考 生选择了
B
，错误的原因在于没有抓住文章的中心要义。

47.
[B]
本题的难度值为
0.631
，比较容易。区分度为
0.34 4
，比较理想。



该题问的是受误导的人们是怎样看待用动物做试验的。



从前两 段和第三段的最后一句中，我们了解到，受到误导的人们认为用动物做研究是残酷的、不可
思议的。四个 选项中，
B
最符合原文。



A
项中提到了“cruel”
，但是
“natural”
不对，正相反，人们认为那是非常不合 情理的。



C
项说的是
“
不可避免的，但含有 恶意的
”
，也不正确。



D
项说的是
“
毫无意义，浪费的
”
。实际上，人们的反对态度很强烈。
D
项虽无 原则上的错误，但是
不如
B
项更贴近原文意思。



该题属于中等难度偏易的题目，区分度较好。

48.
[B]
本 题的难度值为
0.444
，
中等难度
。区分度为
0.386
，比较理想。



该题主要是考查考生是否理解论据在文章中的作用，是否能从众多信息中找出作者的观点。



这个例子不难理解，
说的是一位老太太向大家散发传单，号召大家不要用 任何来自于动物或在动物
身上试验过的东西。
当问及是否反对使用疫苗时，
老太大并不 知道疫苗是从动物研究中得来的。
她认为，