英语词典在线查询(完整word版)动名词

2021年1月19日发(作者：滚刀)


动名词


一、动名词及动名词短语的构成

1.
构成方式：

语态


时态

一般式

完成式

主动






doing



having done

被动


being

done

having

been done

2.

否定式：

not +
动名词
(doing)
的各种形式

3.
动名词的复合结构

动名词具有动词的特征，因此它可有自己的逻辑主语 。如果需要指出动名词动作的发出者，
可在动名词前加一物主代词、名词所有格、名词或人称代词宾格来 修饰，表示动名词逻辑
上的主语
,
这样就构成了动名词的复合结构。

1.

Do you mind my(me) making a suggestion?
2.

Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.
3.

My daughter’s staying up so late worried me.

4.

I know nothing about the window being open.
5.

Are you disappointed at there not being more gifts?
6.

She was awakened by someone knocking at the door.
二、动名词的句法功能

（一）动名词作主语

1.
动名词作主语多表示经常性的、习惯性的动作。

1.

Swimming has its laws.
2.

Talking mends no holes.

空谈无济于事。

3.

Learning without practice is no good.
2.


动名词作主语，有时句中使用形式主语
it
而将真正主语（动名 词）放到句尾。常用的
结构有：

It is +n. + doing.
It is + adj. + doing
There is (was) no doing
It is no use writing to him; he never answers letters.
It is good playing chess after supper.
There is no holding back the wheel of history.
适用于
It is
以上结构的

名词（短语）有：


no use, no good, fun, a waste (of time), a great pleasure,
等


形容词有：


useless,

nice, good, interesting,

worthwhile, foolish, dangerous
等。



如：

It is no good learning without practice.
It is a waste of time (worthwhile) discussing such matters.
3.
句型
“There be +doing”
中做主语 ，用于说明
“
不允许、禁止某种活动或是某件事情的发生
或存在

。类 似一种建议、命令等。

1) There is no joking about such matters .
2) There is no denying the fact that China has made a rapid progress in every aspect since it
was founded .
不容抵赖这个事实，中国自它成立以来已在各个方面都取得了飞速的发展。

3) There is no littering about .

不许乱扔杂物。

（二）动名词作宾语

动名词（短语）作宾语包括作谓语动词的宾语和作介词的宾语两个概念。

1.

作介词的宾语：




She left without saying goodbye to us.




He insisted on watching the football game.




They succeeded in getting over all the difficulties.




They all objected to putting the meeting off.
2.
在一些动名词（短语）作介词
in
的宾语的结构中，介词in
可以省略。这些结构有：

1
）







difficulty










trouble
S+ have+

problem













+ (in) doing ….





a good/hard time










fun
2)There is no point (in) doing sth..

3)








be busy






S+


lose… time











+ (in) doing….











waste… time

4) S + spend time / money (in) doing sth.

是介词的短语

be accustomed to
（习惯）
, be opposed to
（反对）
, be reduced to(
沦为
,
降为）
,be sentenced to
（判决）
，
get down to
（
着手开始）
,object to
（
反对）
,give rise to(
使
...
发生）
,stick to
（
坚持）
,stand
up to(
勇敢面对）

4.
与动词不定式相似，动名词作宾语也是由一些及物动词专门要求的。常要求作宾语的动< br>词有：


常跟动词
ing
作宾语的动词歌诀
:
考虑建议盼原谅，
consider, suggest / advise ,look forward to ,excuse ,pardon
承认推迟没得想，
admit, delay / put off , fancy

避免错过继续练
avoid , miss ,keep /keep on , practise
否认完成停能赏，
deny , finish , stop ,enjoy / appreciate
不禁介意准逃亡，
can’t help , mind , allow/ permit ,escape

不准冒险凭想象。
forbid , risk , imagine