水獭英语英国文学期末重点总结

2021年1月19日发(作者：澡巾)
英国文学期末

一
.The contributions of Geoffrey Chaucer.
first to present a comprehensive and realistic picture of the English society of
his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all works of life in his
masterpiece The Canterbury Tales.
uced
from
France
the
rhymed
stanzas
of
various
types
to
replace
the
Old
English alliterative verse the first to use heroic couplet.
buted
to
the
establishment
of
English
as
the
literary
language
of
England,
based on London dialect. He raised the language to the higher literary level by writing
with a polish and ease.
二
.The feature of humanism.
believed that man is the measure of all things, it stands for devotion to the humane
values represented in classical literature.
t
the
medieval
feudal
value
and
blind
faith
in
after-life,
the
humanists
believed
in
man's
capability
of
self
perfection
and
emphasized
the
importance
of
personal worth and the joy of the present life.
三
.The character of Shylock.
k's
demand
for
a
pound
of
flesh
has
made
him
one
of
literature's
most
memorable villains, but many readers and play gores have found him a powerful and
sympathetic
peare
makes
him
seem
more
human
by
showing
that
his
hatred is born of the mistreatment he has suffered in a christian society.

the
same
time,
when
the
Merchant
of
Venice
was
created,
anti-semitism
prevailed
in

of
the
stereotyped
Jews:greedy,
miserly,
cruel,
full
of
hatred and revenge, devoid of gentility and interests in music and poetry.

a
word,he
is
a
Jews
usurer,mean,
greedy,cunning,cruel,vengeful,merciless,a,soph ist,but
also
a
victim
of
racial
discrimination and religious persecution.
四
.Metaphysical conceit.
A conceit is
a figure of
speech which
makes
an
unusual
and sometimes elaborately
sustained comparison between two dissimilar things.
五
.Features of Neoclassicism.

emphasized:
it
is
inartistic
to
show
unrestrained
emotion
in
lit,reason,order,regularity are admired rather than fancy and imagination.

is
stressed
rather
than
content:
craftsmanship,
balance,proportion,harmony,grace,poetic diction;
well expressed.
ic
and
satirical:
writer
had
the
duty
to
educate
as
well
as
entertain
people,
satire being an effective means of correcting people's folly and weakness.
life and man-made object preferred: city life gives a sense of order while rural
wild life, natural landscape were coarse, chaotic and disorderly.
六
.The character of Robinson Crusoe.
A real hero, a typical 18th century English middle class man, with a great capacity for
work,
inexhaustible
energy,
courage,
patience
and
persistence
in
overcoming
obstacles,
in
struggling
against
hostile
natural
environment
and
also
against
human
fate.
七
.Gulliver's Travels.
travels:

a.
Lilliput
(6-inch
high
people):An
allegory
of
English
politics
in
the
early
18th
century
when
the
Whigs
and
Tories
were
fighting
bitterly
for
the
control
of
the
re of the corruption,political and religious strife and social vices.
ngnag,a
mock
utopia.
The
inhabitants
of
the
country
are
gentle
and
peace,loving
and
ruled
by
a
fair
and
merciful
king;
Gulliver,in
contrast,seems
petty,vindictive and cruel;The giants
are superior the human beings both
in wisdom
and in humanity.
kingdom of Laputa, a flying island and its colonies;the so called philosophers
and
scientists
engrossed
in
abstract
speculation
and
useless
experiments;containing
criticism of the malpractices and false illusions about science,philosophy,history and
immortality in early 18th C.
land of the Houyhnms,the horse are governed totally by reason and created a
society
perfectly
ordered
and
peaceful
the
Yahoos
are
greedy,envious,cruel
and