鲁滨孙漂流记电影黑龙江大庆铁人中学高考英语高中英语阅读理解专题复习(专题训练)

2021年1月19日发(作者：申希礼)


一、高中英语阅读理解

1
．
阅读理解


FaceApp has taken the world by storm, giving users the chance to see themselves age through
its
algorithm.
12.7
million
people
—
some
three
million
more
than
the
population
of
New
York
City
—
reportedly downloaded it in one seven-day period last month.

Although the Russian app has become known for its privacy issues, the more interesting lesson
of our FaceApp fling (
尽情玩乐
)is what it tells us about our society
—
and our future lives. It turns
out we are more interested in aging than we realized. I'm surprised by this. Most younger people
are in denial (
否认
)about old age, doing almost nothing to prepare for it. We rarely have a chance
to
plan
for
the
future,
with
increasing
time
and
financial
pressures.
Those
pressures
bring
sacrifices that we may not always want to make: we can no longer afford to spend the time or the
money needed to look after our elderly parents.

As a family doctor, I can see the loneliness epidemic developing. Elderly patients come to see
me with no particular illness, no clear medical issue. After a few minutes of the consultation, I
understand
why:
they're
not
sick,
and
often
they
don't
feel
sick.
They
just
need
someone
—
anyone-to talk to.


Although
loneliness
has
no
medical
classification,
the
health
effects
are
real:
the
result
of
loneliness and isolation can be as harmful to our health as smoking 15 cigarettes a day, and is
more damaging than obesity. But loneliness does not come with nearly enough health warnings.

So what next? Since 1980, we are living on average 10 years longer. At the same time, people
are having fewer and fewer children, and they are having them much later in life. The snake of a
world class health service is eating its own tail; its care is prolonging (
延长
) people's lives, but as
the ratio of pensioners(
退休人员
)to working -age people increases, there are fewer taxpayers to
fund that very health service.

Into this void have stepped NGOs, charities and volunteers. But in the long term, the only way
to
truly
help
the
oldest
meters
of
our
society
is
to
go
back
to
the
traditional
values
of
intergenerational(
两代间的
)
cooperation
—
often
under
same
roof.
Ultimately,
we
will
need
to
evolve towards a culture where elderly care is treated the same as childcare, where employers
recognize
the
duty
of
someone
with
an
elderly
parent
the
same
way
they
recognize
those
of
someone with a newborn child.

（
1
）
The example of FaceApp is used to _____.

A. prove the popularity of it
B. explain the function of it

C. show the progress of technology
D. introduce the topic of aging and loneliness

（
2
）
What makes elderly people without illness go to see their family doctors?

A. Desire to have the consultation.
B. Strong feeling of loneliness.

C. Unclear medical issues. D. Questions to ask doctors.

（
3
）
How can the oldest members be truly helped?

A. By being treated as children.
B. By going back to the traditional society.

C. By providing family care. D. By living with other elderly people under the same roof.

（
4
）
What can we learn from the passage?

A. The loneliness of elderly people needs more attention.

B. FaceApp's popularity proves it has no security problems.

C. Health service lacks fund because of prolonged peopled lives.

D. FaceApp is helpful in dealing with elderly peopled loneliness.

【答案】

（
1
）
D

（
2
）
B

（
3
）
C

（
4
）
A

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者由
FaceApp
话题 谈到当今的社会现象
——
老人
感到孤独，他们需要关注。作者认为孤独虽不是病，但它 能影响人的健康，所以他呼吁人
们像关注新生儿那样关注老人。


（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第一段

has
taken
the
world
by
storm,
giving
users
the
chance
to
see
themselves
age
through
its
algorithm.
12.7
million
people
—
some
three
million
more than the population of New York City
—
reportedly downloaded it in one seven-day period
last
month.
“
；第二段中的
”...the
more
interesting
lesson
of
our
FaceApp
fling
(
尽情玩乐）
is
what it tells us about our society
—
and our future lives. It turns out we are more interested in
aging than we realized.“
可知，< br>FaceApp
已经风靡全球，用户有机会通过它的算法看到自己的
年龄。据报道，在上 个月的七天时间里，有
1270
万人下载了这本书，比纽约市的人口多了
300
万。它告诉了我们关于我们的社会和我们未来的生活。事实证明，我们对衰老的兴趣
比我们意识到的更 大。作为一名家庭医生，我可以看到孤独感的蔓延。所以
FaceApp
主要
的功能是 通过它的算法使用户看到自己的年龄，接着讲述老人所面临的问题
—
孤独和衰
老。故判 断出
FaceApp
的例子是用来介绍衰老和孤独的话题。故选
D
。


（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
”
As
a
family
doctor,
I
can
see
the
loneliness
epidemic
develo
ping. Elderly patients come to see me with no particular illness, no clear medical issue. “
可
知老人经常去看家庭医生是因为孤独，他们没有生病，只想找人聊聊。故选
B
。


（
3
）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的
”But in the long term, the only way to truly help the
oldest members of our society is to go back to the traditional values of intergenerational
（两代
间的）
cooperation
—
often under same roof. Ultimately, we will need to evolve towards a culture
where elderly care is treated the same as childcare“,
可知从长期来看我们帮助老年成员的方法
是和他们一起居住，并 且给予他们婴儿般的关爱。故选
C
。


（
4
）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的
”But
lonel
iness
does
not
come
with
nearly
enough
health
warn ings.“
可知老人孤独并没有带来足够的健康警示，故推断人们孤独的老人应该得
到更多的 关注，选
A
。


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题 型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考
生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出 正确答案。


2
．
阅读理解


Dear young poets,
TIME
For Kids has a challenge for you: Write a rhyming poem and enter it in
the TFK Poetry Contest. It must be a poem that does not copy another poet's works.

How to enter: This contest will begin 12 pm on April 14, 2019 and will end 12 pm on June 14,
2019. To enter online, visit
/
2019poetrycontest
and follow instructions to submit
the following: (a) an original and previously unpublished poem; (b) the entrant's first name only
and e-mail address; (c) a parent's e-mail address. Limit one entry per person or e-mail account.


Judging:
All
entries
will
be
judged
by
poet
Kenn
Nesbitt,
based
on
the
following
criteria:
creativity and originality (50%), use of language and rhyme (25%) and appropriateness to contest
theme
(25%).
Winners
will
be
notified
by
e-mail
during
the
month
of
July
and
must
respond
within five days.


Eligibility
(
参赛资格
)
：
Open
to
legal
citizens
of
the
United
States
who
are
primary
school
students and are 8 to 13 years old at time of entry.

Prizes: Our judge will select four semifinalists, from whom one grand-prize winner and three
finalists will be chosen. The one grand-prize winner will receive an online class visit from Kenn
Nesbitt. All the semifinalists will receive a signed copy of
Bigfoot Is Missing
, which is worth about
$$ 275. The semifinalists' poems will be published at

.

（
1
）
How long will the Poetry Contest last?

A. One month. B. Two months. C. Three months. D. Four months.

（
2
）
What does the Poetry Contest value most?

r the poem is novel.

r the poem is humorous.

r the poem is written in rhyme

r the poem is suitable for the contest theme.

（
3
）
What can the finalists get?

A.A $$ 275 bonus.

online class visit.

position of assistant editor.

D.A signed copy of Bigfoot Is Missing.

【答案】

（
1
）
B

（
2
）
A

（
3
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一项由
TIME
For Kids
举办的诗歌比赛：如何
参赛，如何评判，参赛者资格，如何评选获奖等相关信息。


（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“This contest will begin 12 pm on April 14, 2019 and will
end 12 pm on June 14, 2019.”
本次比赛将于
2019
年
4
月
14
日下午
12
点开始，
2019
年
6
月
14
日下午
12
点结束。可知， 此次比赛历时
2
个月。故选
B
。


（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“All entries will be judged by poet Kenn Nesbitt, based
on the following criteria: creativity and originality (50%), use of language and rhyme (25%) and
appropriateness
to
contest
t
heme
(25%).”
所有参赛作品将由诗人
Kenn Nesbitt
根据以下标准
进行评判
:
创造力和原创性
(50 %)
，语言和韵律的使用
(25%)
和主题的适当性
(25%)
。可 知，创
新性占据
50%
，可以推断出此次比赛看重创新性。故选
A
。


（
3
）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的
“All
the
semifinalists
will
receive
a
signed
copy
of
Bigfoot
Is
Missing,
which
is
worth
about
$$
275.
The
semifinalists'
poems
will
be
published
at
.”
所有的半决赛选手都会收到一份签名版的《 大脚怪》，价值约
275
美元。
半决赛选手的诗作将在

上发表。参加 半决赛的选手包含决赛选手，故选
D
。


【点评】本题考点涉及细 节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读。考生需要准确捕捉细节
信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答 案。


3
．
阅读理解


If you love eating and drinking for free and are looking to make some pocket money, there's a
job in China with your name on it. A new type of online service allows people to hire others to
eat or drink their favorite treats, either to cure their boredom or satisfy their appetite without
the calories that usually come with it.

Chinese media recently reported on an increasingly popular service on online platform Taobao
that's as startling as it is appealing. People can now go online and hire others to consume certain
foods
and
drinks,
and
ask
them
to
provide
video evidence
of
them
eating
or
drinking
the
said
treats.


Fees
usually
range
from
two
to
nine
yuan
($$0.30
- $$1.35)
plus
the
cost
of
the
food.
It's
not
exactly a get-rich-quick job, but there are quite a rot of people willing to do it for the free treats
alone.


木薯粉
)balls and
popping drink is all the rage in Asia these days, but there are also ads from people willing to eat
fried chicken or hot pot for anyone willing to pay for them.

Advertised as being
the
full
experience,
which
includes
a
360-degree
video
of
the
drink,
photos,
and
a
detailed
description.
Prices
of
the
service
are
based
on
the
drink's
sweetness
level,
its
price,
and
popularity. Some clients even require a short written review to be sure that the person they hired
actually does what they are supposed to.

Sellers explained that most customers buy their
they're trying to shake off desires while they're on a diet. Drinking bubble tea by proxy may help
customers avoid high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and other health problems that the sugar-
laden drink may cause.

So why would anyone pay a total stranger to enjoy a treat rather than consume it themselves?
Well, apparently, the online service is so cheap that some people simply do it out of boredom,
while others get satisfaction from watching others indulge in their favorite treats.

This indulging-by-proxy service(
代享受服务
)has received a lot of attention on social media in
China, with some people describing it as the job of their dreams.

（
1
）
What kind of people may buy the new type of online service?

A. Those who are boring.

B. Those who are trying to lose weight.

C. Those who love eating and drinking for free.

D. Those who are looking to make some pocket money.

（
2
）
Which is the reason for many people being willing to be hired for the new job?

A. That they can make a fortune. B. That the foods and drinks are cheap.

C. That they can consume the treats for free. D. That they can realize their dreams.

（
3
）
Why does the author mention

A. To prove that the new type of service online is popular.

B. To list an example of the new type of service online

C. To show bubble tea is greatly welcome in Asia.

D. To promote the new type of service online.

（
4
）
What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Indulging-by-proxy service online helps lose weight.

B. Boredom leads to indulging-by- proxy service online.

C. People hold different opinions on indulging-by-proxy service online.

D. Indulging-by-proxy service online is getting increasingly popular.

【答案】

（
1
）
B

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说 明文，介绍了一种代享受服务在中国的社交媒体上引起了
很多关注，网上代享受服务越来越受欢迎。

（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“A
new
type
of
online
service
allows
people
to
hire
others to eat or drink their favorite treats, either to cure their boredom or satisfy their appetite
without the calories that usually come with it .”
一种新型的在线服务允许人们雇佣他人来吃或
喝他们最喜欢的食物，既可以治愈他们的无聊 ，也可以满足他们的胃口，而不需要那些通
常伴随而来的卡路里。可知，那些试图减肥的人可能会购买这 种新型的在线服务，故选
B
。


（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“It's not exactly a get
-rich-quick job, but there are quite
a rot of people willing to do
it for the free treats alone.”
这并不是一个快速致富的工作，但有相
当一部分人愿 意为了免费的款待而去做。可知，许多人愿意接受这份新工作的原因是他们
可以免费享用美食，故选C
。


（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的

“Bubble tea drinking
as the chewy tapioca(
木薯粉
)balls and popping drink is all the rage in Asia these days, but there
are
also
ads
from
people
willing
to
eat
fried
chicken
or
hot
pot
for
anyone
willing
to
pay
for
them.““
泡茶喝
”
是一项特别受欢迎的服务，因为这种耐嚼的木薯球和弹出式饮 料最近在亚
洲风靡一时，但是也有一些广告是关于愿意吃炸鸡或火锅的人的。由此推断出，作者在第四段中提到
“
泡茶喝
”
是举出了一个新的网上服务的例子，故选
B
。


（
4
）考查主旨大意。最后一段
”This indulging
-by-proxy service
（代享受服务）
has received a
lot
of
attention
on
social
media
in
China,
with
some
people
describing
it
as
the
job
of
their
dreams.“
这 种代享受服务在中国的社交媒体上引起了很多关注，一些人把它描述为他们梦
想中的工作，是全文的主题 句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了网上代享受服务越
来越受欢迎，故选
D
。< br>

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会 现象
类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，
推 理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。


4
．
阅读理解


A university in Nanjing, Jiangsu province, has installed facial recognition systems in classrooms
to monitor students' behavior, sparking a heated debate online. China Pharmaceutical University
recently installed the systems in two pilot classrooms as well as school gates, dormitory entrances,
the library and laboratory buildings.

Xu Jianzhen, director of the university's library and information center, told that
the
systems
will
help
teachers
check
student
attendance
and
monitor
behavior
during
the
lectures.
other
students
to
check
the
attendance
for
them.
Now
with
facial
recognition,
that
would
no
longer be a problem,
you all the way through and can tell how long you lower your head, whether you're playing with a
smart phone, whether you're dozing off or reading other books,


The
news
has
raised
wide
debate
on
Chinese
social
media,
with
many
questioning
if
the
cameras will violate students' privacy. A Sina Weibo user said:
not clear whether the systems are developed by the school itself or by third parties. If it is the
latter, is there any regulation of security? Where will the information be sent and stored?

Gan Xiangsi, a senior student from the university, said she welcomed the systems being applied
in dormitories and libraries as this can help prevent personal belongings being stolen
，
but it is
not
necessary
to
use
such
technology
in
the
classroom.

the
teacher
teaches
well
，
the
students
will
be
interested,
she
said.

the
contrary,
this
kind
of
monitoring
will
make
everyone feel resistant.

China Pharmaceutical University is not the first university to use facial recognition technology
on campus. Many universities across the country have installed cameras at campus entrances to
ensure
safety.
But
many
are
also
hesitant
when
it
comes
to
applying
such
technology
in
classrooms.


National Institute of Education Sciences, told China National Radio. According to Chu, teachers
and
students
who
are
under
observation
might
not
behave
as
they
normally
would
since
they
know
they
are
being
watched.

should
not
be
installed
in
classrooms
merely
for
effective
teaching
purposes,
Chu
said,
as
teachers
are
also
being
observed.
He
agreed
that

is an important principle.
state of listening
，
and teachers may also not perform as well. Then real teaching will not occur,
he added.

（
1
）
Which of the following is NOT the function of facial recognition systems?

help check student attendance.

help monitor student behavior.

help ensure student safety.

help protect student privacy

（
2
）
What does the underlined word

n



e



（
3
）
What's Chu Zhaohui's attitude towards installing cameras in classrooms?

ble

erent

rable

l

（
4
）
What's the writer's purpose of writing this passage?

introduce the function of facial recognition systems.

express his preference for facial recognition systems.

express his strong dislike for facial recognition systems.

introduce people's different attitudes to facial recognition systems.

【答案】

（
1
）
D

（
2
）
A

（
3
）
C

（
4
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了江苏省南京市的一所大学在教室里安装 了面
部识别系统来监控学生的行为，这在网上引起了激烈的争论。


（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“Xu
Jianzhen
，
director
of
the
university's
library
and
information
center,
told

that
the
systems
will
help
teachers
check
student
attendance
and
monitor
behavior
during
the
le ctures.”
该校图书馆信息中心主任徐建振告诉

，该系统将帮助教师检查学生出 勤情况，并监控学生在课堂上的行为）排除
A
和
B
；根据倒数第二段中的“Many
univ
ersities
across
the
country
have
installed
cameras
at
campus
entrances
to
ensure
safety.”
全国许多大学都在校园入口处安装了摄像头，以确保安
全排除
C
。
D
选项
“
帮助保护学生的隐私
”
不是面部识 别系统的功能，故选
D
。


（
2
）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的
“or
asked
other
students
to
check
the
attendance
for
them.”
或者让其他学生帮他们签到。 可知上文意思是过去，一些学生只是签到，然后逃
课。

的意思是放弃，抛弃，故选A
。


（
3
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的


should
not
be
installed
in
classrooms
merely for effective teaching purposes,’ Chu said, as teachers are also being observed.“
不应该 仅
仅为了有效的教学而在教室里安装摄像头，
”
朱说，因为老师们也在被观察。）由此 推断
出，朱朝晖对在教室里安装摄像头持不赞成的态度，故选
C
。


（
4
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“A university in Nanjing, Jiangsu province
，
has installed
facial recognition systems in classrooms to monitor students' behavior, sparking a heated debate
online.”
江苏省南京市的一所大学在教室里安装了面部识别系统来监控 学生的行为，这在网
上引起了激烈的争论。可推断出，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍人们对人脸识别系统 的不
同态度，故选
D
。


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解 ，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象
类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据 上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从
而选出正确答案。


5
．
阅读理解


I spend half of my life with my mother and the other half with my father. My father lives with a
twenty-pound cat named Tofu. He calls me his favorite daughter. I am an only child.

My father's apartment is quite different from any other person's living space. Except for my
room,
there
is
no
furniture.
He
doesn't
like
sofas
or
any
comfortable
chairs,
so
he
has
only
a
drawing table, a desk and his bed. He spends a lot of time lying on the studio floor. That's how he
thinks, he says. Then he does yoga

He has a big kitchen, and on top of the refrigerator is an old clock he winds every week for
good
luck.
The
last
time
the
clock
stopped,
my
father's
car was
towed(
被警察拖走
)
and
some
other terrible things happened, so he has become very superstitious (
迷信的
) . When he goes
out of town, he hires someone to feed Tofu and wind the clock so it won't stop.

The one thing he has plenty of is house rules. You have to take off your shoes when you come
in. He won't allow anyone who wears a baseball cap into his house. He says only baseball players
should wear baseball caps and only the catchers should wear them backward. Every time I go to
stay in his house, he makes up a new rule.
laugh
tracks!
he
will
say.
But
then
be
can
never
remember
the
numbers,
so
they
change
constantly.

The rule that he always enforces is the one that requires me to write a two-page essay anytime I
want something. He didn't speak English until he was sixteen, and he had a hard time learning to
write it, so he wants me to become a good writer at an early age. This ritual(
仪式
)started when I
asked him if I could have my ears pierced when I was nine. He said it was very cruel and told me I
couldn't do it until I was thirty-five. But l kept asking him, and he finally said that if I wrote an
essay and I could persuade him in writing why I wanted holes in my ears, maybe he would say
okay. I wrote my first essay for my father, and after one month of writing and rewriting, he finally
gave me his permission.

（
1
）
What is unusual about the father's apartment?

has a large kitchen.

father does yoga at home.

is scarcely furnished.

father spends a lot of time on the floor.

（
2
）
Which of the following is an example of the house rules?

e is hired to feed Tofu.

can't wear shoes in the house.

ll players are not allowed into the apartment.

writer can't watch television programs in the apartment.

（
3
）
Which of these statements about the clock is TRUE?

is not an automatic one.

father doesn't like the clock.

can bring good luck to them.

e is hired to wind it every week.

（
4
）
We can infer that the writer's father____.

a famous writer

born in the United States

a caring and strict father

more than one language

【答案】

（
1
）
C

（
2
）
B

（
3
）
A

（
4
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了自己父亲的生活以及处事原则。


（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“My father's apartment is quite different from any other
person's living space. Except for my room, there is no furniture.”
我父亲的公寓和其他人的生活
空间大不相同 。除了我的房间，没有家具。可知，我父亲公寓的不同寻常之处在于房间里
几乎没有家具，故选
C
。


（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的
'You have to take off your shoes when you come in.
你
进来时必须把鞋脱掉 。可知
“
不能在家里穿鞋
”
是房屋规则之一，故选
B
。

（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的
“When he goes out of town, he hires someone to feed
Tofu and wind the clock so it won't stop.”
当他出城的时候，他雇人喂
Tofu
，给钟上弦，这样
钟就不会停了。可知选
A
。


（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“He didn't speak English until he was sixtee
n, and he
had a hard time learning to write it, so he wants me to become a good writer at an early age.”
他
直到< br>16
岁才会说英语，而且他很难学会写英语，所以他希望我在很小的时候就成为一名优
秀 的作家。可推断出，作者的父亲会说不止一种语言，故选
D
。


【 点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信 息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


6
．
阅读理解


I'm a storyteller. And I would like to tell you a few personal stories.

I grew up reading British and American children's books. When I began to write, I wrote exactly
the kinds of stories I was reading: All my characters were white and blue-eyed, they ate apples
and talked a lot about the weather, despite the fact that I lived in Nigeria. We ate mangoes, and
we never talked about the weather. Because all I had read were books in which characters were
foreign, I had become convinced that books by their very nature had to have foreigners in them.
Things
changed
when
I
discovered
African
books.
Because
of
writers
like
Chinua
Achebe
and
Camara Laye, I went through a mental shift in my idea of literature. I realized that people like me,
girls with skin the color of chocolate, could also exist in literature. I started to write about things I
recognized. So what the discovery of African writers did for me was this: It saved me from having
a single story of what books are. The year I turned eight, we got a new house boy Fide from a
nearby rural village. The only thing my mother told us about him was that his family was very
poor. And when I didn't finish my dinner, my mother would say
，

know? People like Fide's family have nothing.
Saturday, we went to his village to visit, and his mother showed us a beautifully patterned basket
that his brother had made. I was astonished. It had not occurred to me that anybody in his family
could actually make something. Their poverty was my single story of them.

Years later, when I left Nigeria to go to university in the United States, my American roommate
asked where I had learned to speak English so well, and was confused when I said that Nigeria
happened to have English as its official language. What struck me was this: She had felt sorry for
me
even
before
she
saw
me.
My
roommate
had
a
single
story
of
Africa:
a
single
story
of
catastrophe.


Of
course,
Africa
is
a
continent
full
of
catastrophes. But
there
are
other
stories that
are
not
about
catastrophe,
and
it
is
very
important,
it
is
just
as
important,
to
talk
about
them.
The
consequence of the single story is this: It robs people of dignity. It makes our recognition of our
equal humanity difficult. It emphasizes how we are different rather than how we are similar.

So what if my mother had told us that Fide's family was poor and hardworking? What if we had
an African television network that broadcast diverse African stories all over the world? What if my
roommate knew about my Nigerian publisher, Muhtar Bakare, a remarkable man who left his job
in a bank to follow his dream and start a publishing house? What if my roommate knew about my
friend Funmi Iyanda, a fearless woman who hosts a TV show, and is determined to tell the stories
that we prefer to forget?

My Nigerian publisher and I have just started a non-profit called Farafina Trust, and we have big
dreams of building libraries and providing books for state schools, and also of organizing lots of
workshops in reading and writing, for all the people who are eager to tell our many stories.

Stories matter. Many stories matter. Stories can break the dignity of a people, but stories can
also repair that broken dignity. When we realize that there is never a single story about any place,
we regain a kind of paradise.

（
1
）
What is probably people's first impression of the writer when it comes to her nationality?

A. She mainly eats apples and mangoes.

B. She may not speak fluent English.

C. She comes from a place free of catastrophes.

D. She prefers stories based on foreign characters.

（
2
）
The underlined phrase

A. discovery of African books with characters of her skin color

B. acquaintance with local African writers like Chinua Achebe

C. realization that not only foreign characters exist in literature

D. change that she started to write about things she recognized

（
3
）
How many personal stories has the writer mentioned in the passage?

A. Two.
B. Three.
C. Four.
D. Five.

（
4
）
The writer uses several single stories in the passage to illustrate that the single story____.

A. matters in keeping listeners well informed

B. tends to convey a prejudiced idea to listeners

C. gets increasingly popular among story tellers

D. fails to produce a lasting effect on listeners

（
5
）
The writer lists many

A. emphasize our differences rather than similarities

B. indicate the way that stories are used to break dignity

C. show the hardship of recognizing our equal humanity

D. stress the importance of telling diverse, balanced stories

（
6
）
Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A. The danger of the single story B. The importance of telling stories

C. The single stories that matter D. Stories that can repair broken dignity

【答案】

（
1
）
B

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
B

（
5
）
D

（
6
）
A

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记 叙文，作者讲了几个关于个人的故事，通过故事告诫我
们：如果我们只去聆听关于一个人、一个国家的单 一故事，将会导致非常严重的误解。


（
1
）考查推理判断。根据 第二段可知，作者实际上来自尼日利亚，经常吃芒果，不讨论
天气，有着巧克力肤色。可知至少不是说英 语的欧洲人；再根据第四段，作者的美国舍友
对她能说一口流利英语表示疑惑可知，因此可以推断出人们 对尼日利亚的人第一印象可能
是认为他们不会说流利的英语。故选
B
。


（
2
）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的
”I realized that people like me, girls with skin the color
of chocolate, could also exist in literature.“
可知作者的思想转变是她意识到像她这样有着巧克
力肤色的女生也是可以在文学作品中有一席之 地的。即不仅仅外国人物才存在文学作品
中。故选
C
。


（
3
）考查细节理解。第二段、第三段、第四段分别讲了作者自己意识到文学作品中人物
不限英美，作者发现
Fide
一家贫穷却努力，作者的室友对尼日利亚的刻板印象。即一共三
个她的个人经历。故选
B
。


（
4
）考 查推理判断。纵观全文可知，不论是作者、作者妈妈、作者的室友，不同的人们
有着不同的
si ngle story
，实际上可以理解为
“
一面之词
”“
刻板印象
”
，但其实又不符合事实，
即会给听众传达有偏见的想法，故选
B
。


（
5
）考查推理判断。作者的一系列假设，其实是更好的做法。 兼听则明偏信则暗。我们
不应该听信一面之词，应该去多角度的均衡的了解。故选
D
。


（
6
）考查主旨大意。全文讲述了作者、作者妈妈、作者的室友 的偏见，以及作者对此的
看法。认为一面之词实际上是很不好的。在并没有亲自去观察探索也没有去多方 面了解之
前，人们就接受了
single
story
。但其实往往并不符合 事实。因此最好的标题是一面之词的
危险。故选
A
。


【 点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇故事类阅读，要 求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行
分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选 出正确答案。


7
．
阅读理解


Some things should just be common knowledge by now. The Earth isn't flat. Nope, your hair
and nails don't grow after you die. The holes at the top of Bic biro pens are there so that, if you
swallow one accidentally, you can still breathe and won't choke to death. It's debatable whether
that last one there is common knowledge or not. A quick Google search of the fact, rewritten as a
question,
shows
articles
addressing
this
point
going
back
several
years,
with
the
latest
(re)appearing just this week over on
ScienceAlert
. We suppose it's one of those things that come
up from time to time, like what would happen if you attack Yellowstone with a nuclear weapon
(not much, as it turns out).

If you jump over to Bic's website, under their FAQs (frequently asked questions), it quite clearly
states:

reason
that
some
BIC?
pens
have
a
hole
in
their
cap
is
to
prevent
the
cap
from
completely
obstructing
the
airway
if
accidentally
breathed
in.
This
is
requested
by
the
international safety standards ISO11540, except for in cases where the cap is considered too large
to be a choking risk.


That's
rather
lovely
of
them.
In
appreciation
of
their
want
to
not
kill
off
their
more
clumsy
customers, we thought we'd share a few more random facts about Bic that are probably going to
come
up
in
a
pub
quiz
one
day.
Did
you
know,
for
example,
that
each
Bic
ballpoint
pen
can
produce at least 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) of ink before it begins to run out? In fact, in 2018, 7,250
kilometers
(4,505
miles)
of
writing
tests
on
such
pens
were
carried
out
on
ballpoint
pens,
gel
pens(
中性笔
), and rollers to make sure they worked to the highest standard.

The best part of the Bic site, however, is this rather curious fact:
made
through
a
highly-controlled
process.
As
opposed
to
a
highly
uncontrolled
process,
involving explosions and bouncy castles and total chaos, we suppose.

（
1
）
Why does the author mention the case of Yellowstone?

A. To list the facts. B. To prove his point.

C. To compare the two situations.
D. To emphasize the importance of safety.

（
2
）
What does the underlined word

A. Block.
B. Open.
C. Transform.
D. Narrow.

（
3
）
Why were the writing tests on pens carried out?

A. To work out their lifespan. B. To assure their good quality.

C. To prove some random facts.
D. To compare different pens with each other.

（
4
）
In what tone does the author develop the text?

A. Critical. B. Acid. C. Humorous. D. Serious.

【答案】

（
1
）
B

（
2
）
A

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
C

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，毕克笔的笔帽上有一个小孔是为了防止那些粗 心的
使用者不小心吞下而窒息死亡。这真是粗心使用者的生命通道。


（< br>1
）考查推理判断。毕克笔的笔帽上留一个小孔的原因，且这个问题会被偶尔问到，就
像 如果你用核武器攻击黄石公园会发生什么事这个问题一样，作者是在举例证明他的观
点，故选
B
。


（
2
）考查词义猜测。此处意为当使用者不慎把笔帽 吞下时，笔帽上的小孔就是为了阻止
笔帽完全阻塞气管而引起窒息，故选
A
。


（
3
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的

fact,
in
2018,
7,250
kilometers
(4,505
miles)
of
writing tests on such pens were carried out on ballpoint pens, gel pens(
中性笔
), and rollers to
make sure they worked to the highest standard.
可知，举行书写测试的 目的是为了确保笔能
够达到最高的标准，故选
B
。


（
4
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的

things
should
just
be
common
knowledge
by
now.
The
Earth
isn't
flat.
Nope,
your
hair
and
nails
don't
grow
after
you
die.

和第三段中的

rather
lovely
of
them.
In
appreciation
of
their
want
to
not
kill
off
their
more
clumsy
customers
等作者的行文措辞可知，作者笔调轻松幽默，故选
C
。


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个 题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅
读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正 确答案。


8
．
阅读理解


Fallingwater is a house built over a waterfall in Southwestern Pennsylvania. Frank Lloyd Wright,
America's most famous architect, designed the house in 1935. It instantly became famous, and
today it is a National Historic Landmark.

In-Depth Tour

The tour is best if you desire a greater understanding of what Wright was seeking to create
with his masterwork. The number of visitors on each tour is limited and photography is permitted
for personal use only. Children nine years and older may be accompanied by adults on this tour.

$$65.00 per person (Available by advance ticket purchase only)

Daily from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.

Guided House Tour

This tour features all the major rooms of the house and lasts about one hour. Photography is
not permitted during this tour. The Guided House Tour allows children six-year-old and older to
enjoy the house with their parents.

Adults
—
$$20.00 with advance purchase


—
$$23.00 when purchased on site

Youth (aged 6-12)
—
$$14.00 with advance purchase


—
$$17.00 when purchased on site

Brunch (
早午餐
)Tour

The guests join their guide for brunch before they leave. Children nine years and older may be
accompanied by adults on this tour. Please allow three hours in total for this experience.