仰慕者1 unit 7(1)

2021年1月19日发(作者：巢勋)

Unit 7 Animal Intelligence
Part
Ⅰ
Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions:
In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 1 long conversation. At the end
of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the
conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause.
During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the
best answer.
1.

A) In the street.






B) On a bus.
C) In an appliance store.




DDDD In a department store.
A2.

A) She found it boring.




B) She found it interesting.



C) She found it informative.



D) She found it enjoyable.
C3.

A) It doesn
’
t matter which color the man chooses.
B) She doesn
’
t like either color.
C) I
t’s
a difficult decision.
D) The man should choose a different room.
D4.

A) Have a barbecue.





B) Go for a ride around town.
C) Go to the shop with the man.


D) Buy something for the barbecue.
B5.

A) The man wants to go to London.
B) The man wants to go to Manchester.
C) There are no flights to London for the rest of the day.
D) There are two direct flights to London within the next three hours.
C6.

A) At 03:35.


B) At 03:00.

C) At 03:50.

D) At 03:20.
A7.

A) A librarian.

B) A policewoman.
C) A bus-conductor.
D) A lawyer.
D8.

A) Linda is going home.




B) Linda is packing for the vacation.



C) Linda is looking for a job.



D) Linda is eager to go home for the vacation.
Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

D9.

A) Faulty goods.

B) Over-pricing.
C) Understaffing.
D) Late delivery.
A10. A) An excessive demand.




B) Inconvenient transportation.



C) Understaffing.





D) Union strike.
B11. A) Toy cars.







B) Radio sets.



C) Cassette recorders.




D) Sports bicycle.
B12. A) Having a new factory equipped.


B) Expanding the present factory.



C) Firing extra workers.




D) Adopting new technology.

Section B
Directions:
In this section, you will hear 2 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear
some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a
question, you must choose the best answer from the four choice marked A), B), C) and D).
Passage One
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
C13. A) Because they are shy.



B) Because they want to eat humans.



C) Because they are curious.



D) Because they want to save humans.
D14. A) In the Pacific Ocean.




B) In the Atlantic Ocean.





C) In tropical regions.




D) In all oceans.
B15. A) From the surrounding sea water.


B) From fish and squid.



C) From humans.





D) From oceans.
Passage Two
Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.
B16. A) An assembly line.
B) A car.


C) A company.

D) An inventor.
A17. A) In 1908.

B) In 1914.


C) In 1918.


D) In 1924.
C18. A) It was faster.





B) It was more efficient.



C) It was more individualized.


D) It was cheaper.
D19. A) It increased slowly.





B) It increased quickly.



C) It remained about the same.


D) It decreased.

Section C
Directions:
In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the
first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second
time, you are required to fill the blanks. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you
should check what you have written.









Over
the
years,
I
have
written
extensively
about
animal- intelligence
(20)
___experiments_________
and
the
controversy
that
surrounds
them.
Do
animals
really
have
thoughts, what we call (21) ___consciousness_________? Wondering whether there might be (22)
___better_________
ways
to
explore
animal
intelligence
than
experiments
designed
to
(23)
____teach________ human signs, I realized that what now seems (24) ____obvious__________: If
animals can think, they will probably do their best (25) _thinking___________ when it serves their
own (26) ____purposes________ , not when scientists ask them to.
And so I started talking to vets, animal (27) __researchers________ and zoo keepers. Most do
not study animal intelligence, but they encounter it, and the (28) __lack__________ of it, every day.
The stories they tell us reveal what I
’
m convinced is a new (29) ___window_________on animal
intelligence:
the
kind
of
mental
feats
animals
perform
when
dealing
with
captivity
and
the
(30)
_____dominant________ species on the planet
—
humans.
Part
Ⅱ

Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
Directions:
In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the
questions.
For questions 31-37, mark
Y
(for YES)


if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N
(for NO)



if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
NG
(for NOT GIVEN)
if the information is not given in the passage;
For questions 38-40,
complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Can Animals Predict the Weather?
Can animals predict a storm is imminent? Have scientists done researches to prove those claims?
If animals can predict the weather, shall we stop relying on the forecast of the weatherman and start
observing the behavior of animals for prediction of weather?
Such revelations would surely have a great effect on people
’
s day-to-day lives. Moreover, these
predictions would be valuable during such disasters as earthquakes, tidal waves, or the tsunami that
struck Southeast Asia on Dec.26, 2004.


Scientists found that even though the tidal wave claimed more than 150,000 lives few animals
have been reported dead. It seems animals have some warning, either in several hours or seconds,
that enabled them to find safety from the incoming disaster.
Built-in Weather Detectors
People tend to think that animals can predict the weather when their dog always comes inside
right before it rains. However, it
’
s more accurate to say that animals react to certain environmental
signals of weather changes, instead of the weather itself.
It is commonly believed that animals can detect certain events, like earthquakes, as soon as they
happen, even if the catastrophic event is far away. This ability makes much of a difference to people
farther from the epicenter.
A Sixth Sense
It has been believed for centuries that wild and domestic animals possess a sixth sense and
know in advance the disasters. However, most researchers do not think so. Wildlife experts believe
animals make greater use of their five senses than humans. Their five senses can operate differently
from ours in certain animals.
Animals have more acute hearing and can hear some sounds people can
’
t. Whether a sound is
perceived as high is referred to as pitch, which is determined by a sound
’
s frequency. The frequency
of the sound is measured in Hertz (vibrations per second). Frequencies below 20 Hertz (Hz) are
referred to as infrasonic. Frequencies above 20,000 Hertz are referred to as ultrasonic. People
typically hear in a range between 20 and 20,000 Hz and cannot hear high-pitched sounds, like dog
whistles. Elephants, however, can hear sounds between 16 and 12,000 Hz. Cattle can hear sounds
between 16 Hz and 40,000 Hz. And what sort of elements produce sounds in the infrasonic range?
The answer includes earthquake shockwaves and ocean waves.
Researchers think certain animals, like elephants, get an early earthquake warning because they
can sense shockwaves in the ground through their large feet. When the tsunami hit in 2004, there
were reports that elephants in Sri Lanka fled to higher ground well before the waves crashed into
coastline. It seemed that they could sense distant, unfamiliar vibrations that terrified them into
fleeing for safety.

Short-Term Predictions
What happens to animals before storms set in or at the onset of winter? Infrasonic sounds play
an important part because hurricanes and thunder produce sound waves at those frequencies.
Nevertheless, changes in barometric (air) and hydrostatic (water) pressure are the important factors.
Barometric pressure is a measure of pressure in air. Less air above the barometer means lower
pressure, and more air means higher pressure. Hydrostatic pressure is water pressure up or down
within the water. Normally, these pressures fluctuate slightly. And fluctuations may signal big
changes in weather. Animals adapt themselves well to it and instinctively react by seeking shelter
from violent weather.
For example, when animals are exposed to large decreases in air pressure and water pressure
caused by hurricanes they can sense these changes quickly, and flee for safety.
Before a storm begins, freshwater fish native of Asia and Europe react with frantic swimming
or standing on end. If elements are going to worsen, for instance 12 hours before the arrival of a
blizzard during the winter, pigs start digging holes behind their shelters to pass the bad weather.

Birds and bees also appear to sense this drop in barometric pressure and will instinctively seek
the cover of their nests or hives. Birds also use their ability to sense air pressure to decide when it
’
s
safe to migrate.
Long-Term Predictions


What about long-term predictions, like how harsh winter will be? Hibernation appears to be
related to an animal
’
s biological clock and stored-up fat rather than any ability to predict the trends
in temperature.
In the end, these animal behaviors are useful to humans in that they can give some warning of
disasters. However, animal behaviors change frequently, and there's no practical way of telling
whether a change in behavior is related to an impending natural disaster or just a reaction to
something completely unrelated. Moreover, they vary from species to species and between
individuals of the same species
—
in their sensitivity to weather fluctuations. While some animals
may be great weather predictor, others within that same species might sense nothing different.

31. Animals react to certain environmental signals that accompany weather changes, not to the
weather itself.
32. Humans can hear the sound 7 vibrations on the Hertz frequency scale falling below 20 Hertz
(Hz).
33. Elephants get an early earthquake warning because they can hear shockwaves in the ground.
34. The changes in barometric (air) and hydrostatic (water) pressure can signal big changes in the
weather.
35. Birds
’
ability to sense air pressure helps them decide when to migrate.
36. Animals hibernate because they can predict the changes in temperature.
37. All the species are sensitive to weather fluctuations.
31. [Y
.] [N] [NG]







32. [Y] [N.] [NG]





33. [Y] [N.] [NG]
34. [Y
.] [N] [NG]







35. [Y.] [N] [NG]





36. [Y] [N.] [NG]
37. [Y] [N.] [NG]
38.
The
elements
that
produce
sounds
in
the
infrasonic
range
include







earthquake
shockwaves and ocean waves















.
39.
Abnormal
conditions
like
hurricanes
cause
large
decreases
in





air
pressure
and
water
pressure




















.
40.
These
animal
behaviors
may
not
prove
to
humans
all
that









useful




















.
Part
Ⅲ

Reading Comprehension (
Reading in Depth)
Section A
Directions
:
In
this
section,
there
is
a
passage
with
ten
blanks
numbered
from
41
to
50.
You
are
required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the
passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is
identified by a letter. Please fill in each blank with a letter.
You may not use any of the words in
the bank more than once.




Studying in a foreign country is certainly a new



41 E


, but it also has some challenges
for
you.
You
will
have
difficulty
in



42
M


to
a
new
culture.
There
will
be
at
least
four
essential stages of culture shock adjustment.
The first stage is
“
the honeymoon
”
, when you will feel



43

C

about the new place. You
will find everything and everybody so wonderful.
The second stage is the
“
hostility stage
”
. You feel



44

I

and distressed about everything
that seemed to be so wonderful at first. At this stage you develop various



45 F


mechanisms
to
protect
you
against
the
effect
of
culture
shock.
But
these
defense
mechanisms
can



46B