雨的文章-脏话英语
09
汽车运用专业
汽车专业英语习题集
练习题一
一、
(
每空
1
分，共
20
分
)
单词互译
A
英译汉
共
10
题
每题一分
1
、
Automobile
2
、
Classification
3
、
Combustion
4
、
Chamber
5
、
Circulate
6
、
Crankshaft
7
、
Antifreeze
8
、
Carburetor
9
、
Mechanics
10
、
Air
–
fuel mixture
B
汉译英
共
10
题
每题一分
1
、
连杆
n.
2
、点燃
n.
3
、简洁地
adv.
4
、
（使）旋转
v.
5
、发动机
n.
6
、要求
v.
7
、输送
v.
8
、活塞
n.
9
、系统
n.
10
、气缸
n.
二、词汇和语法（每小题
1
分，共
20
分）
1
、
The ______ of piston movement is called TDC (top dead center).
A
、
upper limit
B
、
lower limit
C
、
limit
2
、
The ______ of piston movement is called BDC (bottom dead center).
A
、
lower limit
B
、
upper limit
C
、
limit
3
、
A _____ is piston movement from TDC to BDC or from BDC to TDC.
1
09
汽车运用专业
汽车专业英语习题集
state
C
、
stage
、
A
、
stroke
B4
、
The _____ is rotated as the piston is pushed down by
the pressure above it.
A
、
crankshaft
B
、
crankpin
C
、
break
5
、
The actions ______ can be divided into four stages, or strokes.
A
、
taken place in the engine cylinder
B
、
taking place in the engine cylinder
C
、
take place in the engine cylinder
6
、
In other words, the piston completes a stroke _____ it charges its direction of
motion.
A
、
every time
B
、
each time
C
、
each times
7
、
”
Stroke
”
______ piston movement.
A
、
refer to
B
、
refers to
C
、
prefer to
8
、
A stroke occurs _______ the piston moves from one limiting position to the other.
A
、
while
B
、
when
C
、
which
9
、
By the time the piston reaches TDC, the mixture ________ to as little as one
-
tenth
of its original
volume, or over less.
A
、
had been compressed
B
、
has been compressed
C
、
compressed
10
、
When the air
-
fuel mixture is compressed, ________ does the pressure in the
cylinder go up, ______
the temperature of the mixture_______ increases.
A
、
not only
…
but also
B
、
not only
…
but and
C
、
not
…
but
11
、
The cylinder pressure ________ as much as 3
-
5 Mpa or even more.
A
、
go up
B
、
increases
C
、
add
12. But as the higher pressures is called upon to withstand very much greater stresses
higher pressures in cylinders.
A. because
B. because of
C. due to
13. The diesel engine is more efficient, because it
higher compression ratio.
A. have
B. has
C. had
14. This advantage prevents the diesel engine
replacing the gasoline engine in
some automobiles
and airplanes.
A. to
B. for
C. from
15. In any internal combustion engine
burning fuel heats air consequently.
A. which
B. that
C. when
16. We all know that diesel engines (
) work in the same way as gasoline engine
do.
2
09
汽车运用专业
汽车专业英语习题集
C. in turn A. in principle
B. in other words
17. Up to 40 per cent of the chemical energy of the burning fuel
changed into
mechanical energy.
C. may be
B. would be
A. will be
waiting charge at the required instant.
18. As it were, into
C. the
A. a
B. an
more substantial construction and is thus heavier.
19. It has
C. to be that
B. to be
A. to be of
20. The same series of events take place again and continue
the engine runs.
A. when
B. as
C. as long as
三、阅读与理解（
20
题，每题
2
分，共
40
分）
Part 1
The actions taking place in the engine cylinder can be divided into four stages, or
stroke.
“
Stroke
”
refers to piston movement; a stroke occurs when the piston moves from one limiting
position to the other.
The upper limit of piston movement is called TDC (top dead center). The lower limit
of piston movement
is called BDC (bottom dead center). A stroke is piston movement from TDC to BDC
or from BDC to
TDC. In other words, the piston completes a stroke each time it changes its direction
of motion.
Where the entire cycle of events in the cylinder requires four strokes (or two
crankshaft revolutions),
the engines is called a four
-
stroke
-
cycle engine, or a four
-
cycle engine. The four
piston strokes are intake,
compression, power, and exhaust.
1.
What do we see from the paragraphs?
(
)
A. What is stroke?
B. What is engine?
C. What is cylinder?
2.
Which one Statement is true according the above first paragraph?
(
)
A. A four
-
stroke
-
cycle engine means that four strokes is required when it finish the
whole cycle.
B. A stroke is not piston movement from TDC to BDC, but from BDC to TDC.
C. The lower limit of piston movement is called TDC (top dead center).
3. What is BDC in the term of automobile industry?
)
(
A. Bottom dead center.
B. Top dead center.
C. Neither of A and B.
4. Which one Statement is TRUE according the last paragraph?
)
(
3
09
汽车运用专业
汽车专业英语习题集
A. The four strokes occur in two crankshaft revolutions.
B. The four strokes occur in four crankshaft revolutions.
C. The four strokes occur in one crankshaft revolutions.
5. Which one Statement is TURE according the article?
)
(
A. The four piston strokes are intake, compression, power, and exhaust.
B. The four piston strokes are intake, compression, power, and inhauls.
C. The four piston strokes are intake, combining, power, and exhaust.
Part 2
Power stroke: As the piston reaches TDC on the compression stroke, an electric spark
is produced at
the spark plug. The ignition system delivers a high
-
voltage surge of electricity to the
spark plug to
produce the spark. The spark ignites, or sets fire to, the air
-
fuel mixture. It now beings
to burn very
rapidly, and the cylinder pressure increases to as much as 3
-
5 Mpa or even more. This
terrific push
against the piston forces it downward, and a power impulse is transmitted through the
connecting rod to
the crankpin on the crankshaft. The crankshaft is rotated as the piston is pushed down
by the pressure
above it.
6. Which topic is fit with the paragraph?
)
(
A. Power stroke
B. Compression stroke.
C. Exhaust stroke.
7. Which one Statement is TURE according the article?
)
(
A. The terrific push against the piston forces it downward.
B. The slight push against the piston forces it downward.
C. This little push against the piston forces it downward.
8. Which word or phrase can change the word
“
ignites
”
?
)
(
A. sets fire to
B. shoots at
C. charges
9. Which one Statement is TURE according the article?
)
(
A. The ignition system delivers a high
-
voltage surge of electricity to the spark plug
to begin the spark.
B. The ignition system delivers a low
-
voltage surge of electricity to the spark plug
to defend the spark.
4
09
汽车运用专业
汽车专业英语习题集
C. The ignition system delivers a constant
-
voltage surge of electricity to the spark
plug to produce the
spark.
10.
When the air
-
fuel mixture beings to burn very rapidly, how much does the
cylinder pressure increase
to?
)
(
A. As much as 3
-
5 Mpa or even more.
B.
As much as 3
-
5 bar or even more.
C. About 3
-
5 Kpa.
Part 3
We all know that diesel engines, in principle, work in the same way as gasoline
engines do. Both
kinds of engines are internal combustion engines, but each of them has its
characteristic features.
Now let us compare the diesel engine with the gasoline engine. Firstly, the
explosive mixture of the
gasoline engine is provided by a carburetor, but in the case of the diesel engine the
supply is affected by
an injection or
“
jerk
”
pump which forces a
“
shot
”
of fuel into each cylinder in turn
according to the
correct firing sequence. Secondly, the fundamental difference between gasoline and
diesel engines is that
in the gasoline engine the source of the heat for igniting the charge, namely, an
electric spark, is generated
outside the engine, and is taken, as it were, into the waiting charge at the required
instant. In the diesel
engine the source of heat for igniting the charge is created within the engine by
compressing pure air to a
degree that will initiate combustion and then injecting the fuel at the right time in
relation to the
movement of the crankshaft.
11. What do we see from the first paragraph?
( )
A. Diesel engines work in the same mean as gasoline engines do.
B. Diesel engines don't work in the same way as gasoline engines do.
C. Either of A and B.
12. Which one Statement is true in the article?
( )
A. the explosive mixture of the gasoline engine is provided by a carburetor.
B. the fuel supply of the diesel engine is affected by an injection or
“
jerk
”
pump.
C. both of A and B
13. What is the fundamental difference between gasoline and diesel engines?
( )
A. In the gasoline engine, an electric spark plug is required in a cylinder.
B. In the diesel engine, an electric spark plug is required in a cylinder.
C. Both of A and B.
14. Which one Statement is true in the term of diesel engines in the article?
( )
A. the diesel engine the supply is affected by an injection.
5
09
汽车运用专业
汽车专业英语习题集
pump B. the diesel engine the supply is affected by or a
“
jerk
”
C. Both A and B.
15. Which topic is fit with the article?
( )
A. Diesel engine operating features.
B. Gasoline engine operating features.
C. Jerk pump operating features.
Part 4
Both classes of engines are of very similar construction. But as the higher
pressure is called upon in
cylinders, it has to be of more substantial construction, and is thus heavier. In general,
the diesel engine
may weigh about 9.25 kilograms per kilowatt. The most important advantage of the
gasoline engine is its
lower weight per kilowatt. The gasoline engine for automobiles may weigh about 6.17
kilograms per
kilowatt, and gasoline engines for airplanes may weigh as 0.77 kilograms per kilowatt.
This advantage
prevents the diesel engine form replacing the gasoline engine in some automobiles
and airplanes.
In addition, the engine runs cooler than the gasoline engine. This advantage is
especially obvious at
lower speeds. Diesel oil is not only cheaper than gasoline, but also safer to store.
16. Which one Statement is true in the term of engines in the article?
( )
A. Both classes of engines are of very similar construction.
B. Both classes of engines are of a little similar construction.
C. Both classes of engines are NOT of similar construction.
17. How many kilograms per kilowatt may the diesel engine weigh generally?
( )
A. about 9.25
B. about 0.77
C. about 6.17
18. What is the most important advantage of the gasoline engine?
( )
A. its lower weight per kilowatt.
B. its higher weight per kilowatt.
C. neither of A and B
19. What advantage is especially obvious at lower speeds for diesel engines?.
( )
A. the diesel engine runs cooler than the gasoline engine.
B. the diesel engine runs hotter than the gasoline engine.
C. the diesel engine runs harder than the gasoline engine.
20. Which one Statement is true in the term of engines in the article?
( )
A. Diesel oil is cheaper than gasoline.
B. Diesel oil is safer to store than gasoline..
6
09
汽车运用专业
汽车专业英语习题集
C. both of A and B.
< br>2
分，小题，共
10
分）四、句子英译汉（每小题
51
、“
Stroke
”
refers to piston
movement; a stroke occurs when the piston moves from one limiting position
to the other.
2
、
The cylinder pressure increases to as much as 3
-
5 Mpa or even more.
五、句子汉译英（每小题
5
分，共
10
分）
1
、换句话说，活塞每完成一个行程，就改变一次其远动的方向。
2
、当活塞到达上止点时，可燃混合气被压缩到只有原体积的十分之一， 甚至更
少。
7
09
汽车运用专业
汽车专业英语习题集
练习题二
一、
(
每小题
1
分，共
20
分
)
单词互译
A
、英译汉
1
、
stroke
________
2
、
limit
_______
3
、
event
_________
4
、
revolve
_________
5
、
valve
_________
6
、
take place _______
7
、
divide
…
into ________
8
、
refer to _________
9
、
in other words ________
10
、
by the time ________
B
、汉译英
1
、密封
v. _________
2
、火花塞
n. __________
3
、冲击、脉动
v. _________
4
、了不起
adv. __________
5
、推动力
n. _________
6
、少到
p.
___________
7
、甚至更少
p.
_________
8
、不仅…而且
p.
__________
9
、多达
p.
_________
10
、甚至更多
p. ___________
二、词汇和语法（每小题
1
分，共
20
分）
1
、
The mixture is delivered to the engine
it is burned.
A where
B which
C who
2
、
The engine requires a fuel system to supply it
a mixture of air and fuel.
A of
B off
C with
8
09
汽车运用专业
汽车专业英语习题集
3
、
The
motion is carried through the power train to the car wheels so that
they rotate and the car
moves .
A rotary
B revolve
C revolution
4
、
the cylinder pressure
to as much as 3
－
5MPa or even more.
A raise
B. increase
C. increases
5
、
In
words , the piston completes a stroke each time it changes its direction
of motion.
A other
B another
C the other
6
、
A stroke
when the piston moves from one limiting position to the other.
A happen
B occur
C occurs
7
、
When the air
-
fuel mixture is compressed not only
the
pressure in the
cylinder go up ,but the
temperature of the mixture also increases.
A do
B did
C Does
8
、
the time the piston reaches TDC ,the mixture has been compressed to as
little as one
－
tenth
of its original volume ,or even less.
A on
B at
C by
9
、
The actions taking place in the engine cylinder can be divided into four
,
or strokes.
A. stage
B. period
C. stages
10
、
The
of the lubricating system is to supply all moving parts inside the
engine
with lubricating oil.
A aim
B goal
C purpose
11
、
What shall we do to keep the parts from
rust.
A get
B got
C getting
12
、
These five system are discussed
in the following sections.
A briefly
B brief
C terse
13
、
The burning of gasoline inside the engine
high pressure.
A engender
B produce
C produces
14
、
The engine also needs a
system.
A coolant
B cooling
C antifreeze
15
、
The engine is the source of power that
the wheels
around and the
car move.
A make go
B makes got
C makes go
16
、
The coolant gets hot
I goes through the engine.
A when
B where
C as
17
、
The automobile engine is an
combustion engine.
9
09
汽车运用专业
汽车专业英语习题集
C interior
B inside
A internal
the engine.
The coolant continually take heat
18
、
C away
A
of
B from
19
、
The engine
a fuel system to supply it with a mixture of air and fuel.
A ask
B require
C requires
20
、
The oil keeps moving parts from wearing
.
A excessive
B excessively
C over
三、阅读与理解（
20
题，每题
2
分，共
40< br>分）
Part 1
The actions taking place in the engine cylinder can be divided into four stages, or
stroke.
“
Stroke
”
refers to piston movement; a stroke occurs when the piston moves from one limiting
position to the other.
The upper limit of piston movement is called TDC (top dead center). The lower limit
of piston movement
is called BDC (bottom dead center). A stroke is piston movement from TDC to BDC
or from BDC to
TDC. In other words, the piston completes a stroke each time it changes its direction
of motion.
Where the entire cycle of events in the cylinder requires four strokes (or two
crankshaft revolutions),
the engines is called a four
-
stroke
-
cycle engine, or a four
-
cycle engine. The four
piston strokes are intake,
compression, power, and exhaust.
1.
What do we see from the paragraphs?
(
)
A. What is stroke?
B. What is engine?
C. What is cylinder?
2.
Which one Statement is true according the above first paragraph?
(
)
A. A four
-
stroke
-
cycle engine means that four strokes is required when it finish the
whole cycle.
B. A stroke is not piston movement from TDC to BDC, but from BDC to TDC.
C. The lower limit of piston movement is called TDC (top dead center).
3. What is BDC in the term of automobile industry?
)
(
A. Bottom dead center.
B. Top dead center.
C. Neither of A and B.
4. Which one Statement is TRUE according the last paragraph?
)
(
A. The four strokes occur in two crankshaft revolutions.
10
09
汽车运用专业
汽车专业英语习题集
B. The four strokes occur in four crankshaft revolutions.
C. The four strokes occur in one crankshaft revolutions.
5. Which one Statement is TURE according the article?
)
(
A. The four piston strokes are intake, compression, power, and exhaust.
B. The four piston strokes are intake, compression, power, and inhauls.
C. The four piston strokes are intake, combining, power, and exhaust.
Part 2
Power stroke: As the piston reaches TDC on the compression stroke, an electric spark
is produced at
the spark plug. The ignition system delivers a high
-
voltage surge of electricity to the
spark plug to
produce the spark. The spark ignites, or sets fire to, the air
-
fuel mixture. It now beings
to burn very
rapidly, and the cylinder pressure increases to as much as 3
-
5 Mpa or even more. This
terrific push
against the piston forces it downward, and a power impulse is transmitted through the
connecting rod to
the crankpin on the crankshaft. The crankshaft is rotated as the piston is pushed down
by the pressure
above it.
6. Which topic is fit with the paragraph?
)
(
A. Power stroke
B. Compression stroke.
C. Exhaust stroke.
7. Which one Statement is TURE according the article?
)
(
A. The terrific push against the piston forces it downward.
B. The slight push against the piston forces it downward.
C. This little push against the piston forces it downward.
8. Which word or phrase can change the word
“
ignites
”
?
)
(
A. sets fire to
B. shoots at
C. charges
9. Which one Statement is TURE according the article?
)
(
A. The ignition system delivers a high
-
voltage surge of electricity to the spark plug
to begin the spark.
B. The ignition system delivers a low
-
voltage surge of electricity to the spark plug
to defend the spark.
C. The ignition system delivers a constant
-
voltage surge of electricity to the spark
plug to produce the
spark.
11
09
汽车运用专业
汽车专业英语习题集
10.
When the air
-
fuel mixture beings to burn very rapidly, how much does the
cylinder pressure increase
to?
)
(
A. As much as 3
-
5 Mpa or even more.
B.
As much as 3
-
5 bar or even more.
C. About 3
-
5 Kpa.
Part 3
We all know that diesel engines, in principle, work in the same way as gasoline
engines do. Both
kinds of engines are internal combustion engines, but each of them has its
characteristic features.
Now let us compare the diesel engine with the gasoline engine. Firstly, the
explosive mixture of the
gasoline engine is provided by a carburetor, but in the case of the diesel engine the
supply is affected by
an injection or
“
jerk
”
pump which forces a
“
shot
”
of fuel into each cylinder in turn
according to the
correct firing sequence. Secondly, the fundamental difference between gasoline and
diesel engines is that
in the gasoline engine the source of the heat for igniting the charge, namely, an
electric spark, is generated
outside the engine, and is taken, as it were, into the waiting charge at the required
instant. In the diesel
engine the source of heat for igniting the charge is created within the engine by
compressing pure air to a
degree that will initiate combustion and then injecting the fuel at the right time in
relation to the
movement of the crankshaft.
11. What do we see from the first paragraph?
( )
A. Diesel engines work in the same mean as gasoline engines do.
B. Diesel engines don't work in the same way as gasoline engines do.
C. Either of A and B.
12. Which one Statement is true in the article?
( )
A. the explosive mixture of the gasoline engine is provided by a carburetor.
B. the fuel supply of the diesel engine is affected by an injection or
“
jerk
”
pump.
C. both of A and B
13. What is the fundamental difference between gasoline and diesel engines?
( )
A. In the gasoline engine, an electric spark plug is required in a cylinder.
B. In the diesel engine, an electric spark plug is required in a cylinder.
C. Both of A and B.
14. Which one Statement is true in the term of diesel engines in the article?
( )
A. the diesel engine the supply is affected by an injection.
B. the diesel engine the supply is affected by or a
“
jerk
”
pump
C. Both A and B.
12
09
汽车运用专业
汽车专业英语习题集
15. Which topic is fit with the article?
( )
A. Diesel engine operating features.
B. Gasoline engine operating features.
C. Jerk pump operating features.
Part 4
Both classes of engines are of very similar construction. But as the higher
pressure is called upon in
cylinders, it has to be of more substantial construction, and is thus heavier. In general,
the diesel engine
may weigh about 9.25 kilograms per kilowatt. The most important advantage of the
gasoline engine is its
lower weight per kilowatt. The gasoline engine for automobiles may weigh about 6.17
kilograms per
kilowatt, and gasoline engines for airplanes may weigh as 0.77 kilograms per kilowatt.
This advantage
prevents the diesel engine form replacing the gasoline engine in some automobiles
and airplanes.
In addition, the engine runs cooler than the gasoline engine. This advantage is
especially obvious at
lower speeds. Diesel oil is not only cheaper than gasoline, but also safer to store.
16. Which one Statement is true in the term of engines in the article?
( )
A. Both classes of engines are of very similar construction.
B. Both classes of engines are of a little similar construction.
C. Both classes of engines are NOT of similar construction.
17. How many kilograms per kilowatt may the diesel engine weigh generally?
( )
A. about 9.25
B. about 0.77
C. about 6.17
18. What is the most important advantage of the gasoline engine?
( )
A. its lower weight per kilowatt.
B. its higher weight per kilowatt.
C. neither of A and B
19. What advantage is especially obvious at lower speeds for diesel engines?.
( )
A. the diesel engine runs cooler than the gasoline engine.
B. the diesel engine runs hotter than the gasoline engine.
C. the diesel engine runs harder than the gasoline engine.
20. Which one Statement is true in the term of engines in the article?
( )
A. Diesel oil is cheaper than gasoline.
B. Diesel oil is safer to store than gasoline..
C. both of A and B.
13
09
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小题，共
10
分）分，四、句子英译汉（每小题
521
、
The automobile engines can
be classified according to:
①
number of cylinders;
②
arrangements of
cylinders;
③
arrangement of valves;
④
type of cooling;
2
、
The coolant gets hot as it goes through the engine .
五、句子汉译英（每小题
5
分，共
10
分）
1
、汽车发动是一种内燃机，因为燃油（汽油）是在发动机内燃烧的。
2
、发动机还包括润滑系统 ，润滑系统的作用是向发动机内的各个运动零件提供
润滑油。
14
09
汽车运用专业
汽车专业英语习题集
练习题三
单词互译
(
每空
1
分，共
20
分
)
一、
每题一分题
英译汉
共
10A
1. diesel
2. withstand
3. injection
4. carburetor
5. spark
6. pure
7. sequence
8. instant
9. compare with
10. at the right time
B
汉译英
共
10
题
每题一分
1
、压力
n.
2
、完成
v.
3
、电的
adj.
4
、应力
n.
5
、坚固的
adj.
6
、喷射
v.
7
、产生
v.
8
、压强
n.
9
、关于
p.
10
、另外
p.
二、词汇和语法（每小题
1
分，共
20
分）
1. Diesel engines and gasoline engines are
combustion engines.
A. domestic
B. external
C. internal
2. Both kinds of engines
internal combustion engines,
each of them
has its characteristic
features.
A. is, but
B. are, but
C. are, and
3. Let us compare the diesel engine
the gasoline engine.
A. on
B. about
C. with
4. The
mixture of the gasoline engine is provided by a carburetor.
15
09
汽车运用专业
汽车专业英语习题集
C. expands
B. expensive
A. explosive
5. The fundamental difference
gasoline and diesel engines is
in
the gasoline engine
the source of the heat for igniting the charge.
C. between, which
A. both, that
B. between, that
6. In the case of the diesel engine the supply is effected by an
A. inject
C. injection
B. international
forces a
“
shot
”
of fuel into each cylinder. pump
7.
“
Jerk
”
C. that
B. where
A. which
spark is generated outside the engine.
8. The
C. excuse
B. eleven
A. electric
9. In the diesel engine the source of hwat for igniting the charge
within the
engine by
compressing pure air.
A. is created
B. was created
C. has been created
10. Both classes
engines are
very similar construction.
A. of, of
B. and, of
C. and, in
11. Injecting the fuel
the right time in relation to the movement of the
crankshaft.
A. at the right time
B. at the same time
C .in time
12. But as the higher pressures in called upon to withstand very much greater stresses
higher pressures in cylinders.
A. because
B. because of
C. due to
13. The diesel engine is more efficient, because it
higher compression ratio.
A. have
B. has
C. had
14. This advantage prevents the diesel engine
replacing the gasoline engine in
some automobiles
and airplanes.
A. to
B. for
C. from
15. In any internal combustion engine
burning fuel heats air consequently.
A. which
B. that
C. when
16. We all know that diesel engines (
) work in the same way as gasoline engine
do.
A. in principle
B. in other words
C. in turn
17. Up to 40 per cent of the chemical energy of the burning fuel
changed into
mechanical energy.
A. will be
B. would be
C. may be
18. As it were, into
waiting charge at the required instant.
A. a
B. an
C. the
19. It has
more substantial construction and is thus heavier.
A. to be of
B. to be
C. to be that
16
09
汽车运用专业
汽车专业英语习题集
20. The same series of events take place again and continue
the engine runs.
A. when
B. as
C. as long as
Part 1
We all know that diesel engines, in principle, work in the same way as gasoline
engines do. Both
kinds of engines are internal combustion engines, but each of them has its
characteristic features.
Now let us compare the diesel engine with the gasoline engine. Firstly, the
explosive mixture of the
gasoline engine is provided by a carburetor, but in the case of the diesel engine the
supply is affected by
an injection or
“
jerk
”
pump which forces a
“
shot
”
of fuel into each cylinder in turn
according to the
correct firing sequence. Secondly, the fundamental difference between gasoline and
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