庞的形近字2008年考研英语完形填空真题解析

2021年1月19日发(作者：陶焘)
2008
年
考研英语
完形填空
真题
解析



The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that
dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it anyway. He is that 2 bird, a scientist who works
independently 3 any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not 4 thought to have a
bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested.


5 he, however, might tremble at the 6 of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he
is publishing a paper which not only 7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but
explains the process that has brought this about. The group in 8 is a particular people originated from central
Europe. The process is natural selection.


This
group
generally
does
well
in
IQ
test,
9
12-15
points
above
the
10
value
of
100,
and
have
contributed
11
to
the
intellectual
and
cultural
life
of
the
West,
as
the
12
of
their
elites,
including
several
world-renowned scientists, 13 . They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic
diseases, such
as
breast
cancer.
These
facts,
14
, have
previously
been
thought
unrelated.
The former
has
been
15
to
social
effects,
such
as
a
strong
tradition
of
16
education.
The
latter
was
seen
as
a
(an)
17
of
genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately 18 . His argument is
that the unusual history of these people has 19 them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in
this 20 state of affairs.


1. [A] selected[B]prepared[C] obliged[D] pleased


2. [A] unique[B]particular[C] special[D] rare


3. [A] of[B]with[C] in[D] against


4. [A] subsequently[B]presently[C] previously[D] lately


5. [A] Only[B] So[C] Even[D] Hence


6. [A] thought[B]sight[C] cost[D] risk


7. [A] advises[B]suggests[C] protests[D] objects


8. [A] progress[B]fact[C] need[D] question


9. [A] attaining[B]common[C] mean[D] calculating


10. [A] normal[B]common[C] mean[D] total


11. [A] unconsciously[B]disproportionately[C] indefinitely[D] unaccountably


12. [A] missions[B]fortunes[C] interests[D] careers


13. [A] affirm[B]witness[C] observe[D] approve


14. [A] moreover[B]therefore[C] however[D] meanwhile


15. [A] given up[B]got over[C] carried on[D] put down


16. [A] assessing[B]supervising[C] administering[D] valuing


17. [A] development[B]origin[C] consequence[D]instrument


18. [A] linked[B]integrated[C] woven[D] combined


19. [A] limited[B]subjected[C] converted[D] directed


20. [A] paradoxical[B]incompatible[C] inevitable[D] continuous

文章背景



这是一篇介绍个人学术观点的说明文，
文章内容主要围绕一部分人是否比另外一部分 人聪明这个
主题展开。该文原文刊登在
2005
年
6
月
2< br>日的《经济学人》杂志上，原文的标题是
The Evolution of
Inte lligence(
智力的进化
)
，命题专家对原文进行了一定的简化，但是意思没有 发生丝毫的变化。



文章结构



文章采用了总分的叙述方式，
文章第一段的前两句话就是文章叙述的主题，
全片文章围绕这个主
题展开。



第一段：



The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that
dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it anyway.(
总述
)


第二段：



Together
with
another
two
scientists,
he
is
publishing
a
paper
which
not
only
7
that
one
group
of
humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about.(
分述
)


第三段：



This group generally does well in IQ test…



They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic disea
ses…



His argument is that the unusual history of these people has 19 them to unique evolutionary pressures
that have resulted in this 20 state of affairs.(
结论
)


答案详解



1.
【解析】
[B]
语义衔接题。本题目选择动词过去分词形式，构成
be…to
的结构，在句子中充当
谓语。

选项
A. selected
选择
;B. prepared
准备
;C. obliged
迫使，责成
;D. pleased
高兴。前边相邻句子
The idea that some people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak
its name.
一 些人比另一些人聪明，
这一观点一直是人们不敢明确提出来的假设之一。

本题所在句子
由
But
一词引导，在句义上与前一句相反，即

打算或准备说了
，故选
B
。



2.
【
解析】
[D]
语义衔接
/
词汇辨析题。< br>本题目选择形容词，
在句子中充当定语。
选项
A. unique
独
一无二的
;B. particular
特殊的，特别的
;C. special
特殊的
;D. rare
珍惜的，罕见的，珍贵的。
rare birds
意为

稀世珍品，< br>旷世奇才，
罕见人
(
物
)
，

Gregory Cochran
打破常规，
准备说了，
因此像是
< br>出头鸟

。



3.
【解析】
[A]
惯用衔接题。
independent
其后应搭配
of
，
意为

独立于，
不依赖于

。
还应注意
dependent
后面还可搭配
on
，
但意 为

依赖于，

依靠于

。
He is that rare bird, a scientist who works independentlyany
institution.
他就是那个稀有之人，是一位不依赖于任何机构的独立的科学家

。



4.
【
解析】
[C]
语义衔接题。
本题目选择副词，
在句子中充当状语。
句子叙述到
He helped popularize
the idea that some diseases notthought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which ruffled many
scientific feathers when it was first suggested.
他普及了这种观点 ，
即某些以前人们认为不是由细菌引起
的疾病实际上是传染病，这一观点一经提出就引起了极大 争议。

分析本句结构可以看出：
that
引导
的是同位语从句，说明
idea
的内容，从句中
some diseases not…thought to have a bacterial cause
是主语