合影英文英语国家名词解释

2021年1月19日发(作者：customers)
1.
Alfred
the
Great
：
Alfred
was
a
strong
king
of
the
wisemen.
It
was
created
by
the
Anglo-
Saxons to advise the king. It’s the basis of the Privy Council which still exists today.

m the Conqueror
：
William was Duke of Normandy. He landed his army in Oct, 1066
and defeated king Harold. Then he was crowned king of England on Christams Day the same
year. He established a strong Norman government and the feudal system in England.

3Julius Caesar
：
The king of Rome. In 55-54BC, he led his army invaded Britain twice.
4.
King
Alfred:

He
is
the
king
of
Wessex
in
Britain.
In
the
8th
century,
he
led
the
British
people defeated the Danes and Vikings, and he was considered the first national hero. He wrote
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. (
盎格鲁
-
撒克逊编年史
)

5. William the Conqueror:
One the Christmas Day of 1066, French man William defeated the
British King Harold at Hastings. In Westminster Abbey, he was crowned the King of Britain, so
the
Norman
Conquest
began.
He
established a
strong monarchy
in
England,
and unified
the
country. In 1086, he and his officials made a book about the survey of Britain, which is called
Doomsday Book.
6.
Battle
of
Hastings:
On
the
Christmas
Day
of
1066,
at
Hastings,
French
man
William
defeated
the
British
King
Harold,
and
Harold
was
killed.
The
battle
was
called
Battle
of
Hastings. The battle of Hastings paved a way for the Norman Conquest.
7. Henry II:
In the year of 1154, Henry II built the Plantagenet and when he was a king, he
made the monarchy stronger than before. He made a set of reformation and in the year of 1181,
he issued the Assize of Arms. He died in 1189.
Great Charter
: It is also called Magna Carter. In the year of 1215, King John signed the
Great
Charter.
According
to
the
charter,
the
king
can’t freely
change
the
law,
the
king
can’t
freely tax, and if the king violates the Charter, the vassals may rebel by the civil war. It is a
feudal charter, but it gave the people trade freedom and self government.
9. Black Death: It is a kind of plague in 14th century and so many people died from it.
The Hundred Year’s War stopped for some time because of the Black Death.

10. the East India Company: It is one of the most famous trade companies in England. It
was founded in the year of 1600 and was a tool of exploiting(
剥削
) Indian people.
11
.
the
Hundred
Years’
War
：
It
referred
to
the
intermittent
war
between
France
and
England
that
last
from
1337
to
1453.
The
causes
were
partly
territorial
and
partly
economic.
When
Edward
III
claimed
the
French
Crown
but
the
French
refused
to
recognize,
the war
broke
out.
At first
the
English were
successful,
but
in
the
end,
they
were defeated and lost almost all their possessions in France. The expelling of the English
was a blessing for both countries.



12. Henry VII : He became the King in the year of 1485. He did a lot of things to make
his crown stronger, for example: he confined Edward in the London Tower, he increased the
income
of
government, he
encouraged
the education,
but
he
didn’t
deal with
the Church
problem.
13. Charles I: The second king of Stuart. He quarreled with the Parliament and dismissed
the Parliament for a long time. He killed the Puritans. In 1649, he was killed.
14.
the
Reform
Bill:
The
Bill
was
brought
up
by
Whig
in
1832.
It
made
3
changes
in
election system. (1) many “rotten boroughs” are cancelled
（
2
）
many new seats (
席位
)
were
given
to
the
most
populous
(
人口稠密的
)
countries.
(3)
the
total
electorates
increased to 217000. But working class still didn’t have to right to vote.