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2021-01-19 18:53
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毛孩儿-training是什么意思

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Book 4---Unit One


Fighting with the Forces of Nature

The main points of Text A
1. The descriptive languages of surroundings and their functions in the development of the text
2.
The
comparisons
and
contrasts
in
the
text---between
Napoleon

s
and
Hitler

s
invasions
of
Russia/Soviet Union
3. Important words and phrases---in the case of, launch, efficient, engage, crucial, stroke, at the cost
of, declaration, instruct, offensive, thanks to, reckon
4.
How
to
make
good
use
of
nature
to
serve
us?
How
to
make
the
harmonious
and
friendly
relationship with nature?
Previewing work---
1. Try to get some information about the following proper names:
Hitler, Napoleon, the Second World War, Russia, Moscow
2. Read the first two paragraphs and try to tell what

the icy defender

is referred to.
3. Read para. 3 and 12, try to compare Napoleon

s and Hitler

s army and their unequalled military
successes before their attempts to launch a campaign to Russia/Soviet Union

4.
In
what
way
was
Hitler

s
offensive
against
the
Soviet
Union
similar
to
Napoleons


campaign
against Russia? And in what way were they different? Please draw a charm to illustrate your
points
5. Circle out the words, phrases and sentences that contribute to the descriptions of surroundings.

The First Period---(90 minutes)
1. Dictation----(10 minutes)
Teacher will write down the blackened words in the passages to the students
Throughout the history of mankind, there have been many conquerors.
Chengis Khan
spent his
entire life conquering neighboring
peoples and expanding
the Mongolian Empire
. Many Roman
Emperors did the same for the Rome empire

so much so that at one time they ruled modern-day
Great Britain.









Both
the Mongolian and Roman Empires
had their rise
and
fall in
the distant
past.
Yet if we
want to examine conquerors, there is no need to go back that far. We will witness the similar fate in
Hitler and Napoleon.






Read the passage three times and check the words of students
2. The brief introduction of background-----(15 minutes)



Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821)





Emperor of the French, who consolidated and institutionalized many reforms of the French
Revolution. One of the greatest military commanders of all time, he conquered the larger part
of Europe.




During 1802-1815 Napoleon tried to gain control of the whole of Europe. He had great success
against all his enemies except Britain, whose navy under Nelson defeated the French navy at
the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805.




Adolf Hitler (1889-1945)




German political and mili
tary leader and one of the 20th century’s most powerful dictators. He
converted
Germany
into
a
fully
militarized
society
and
launched
World
War
2
in

hoped
to
conquer
the
world,
and
for
a
time
dominated
most
of
Europe
and
much
of
North
Africa. He instituted sterilization and euthanasia measures to enforce his idea of racial purity.




World War 2 (1939-1945)

1




A war whose European operations took place between the Axis powers (Germany, Italy and
Japan) and the Allies (Britain, France, and later the USSR and the USA).
3. The presentation of Text A----(50 minutes, questions and discussion involved)



Text organization
Part
one

Paras
1-2

Introduction
—Both
Napoleon’s
and
Hitler’s
military
campaigns
failed
because of the severity of the Russian winter.
Part two

Paras 3-11

Napoleon’s military campaign against Russia

Part three Paras 12-20

Hitler’s military campaign against the Soviet Union

Part
four

Paras
21


Conclusion

The
elements
of
nature
must
be
reckoned
with
in
any
military campaign.
1
) What is the

the icy defender

referred to?

The “icy defender” refers to the severe winter
of Moscow.


2) Words about the winter in Moscow---raw
(
of weather damp and cold)
,
bitter
(
piercingly cold
),
bleak
(cold and unpleasant)
. It creates a vivid picture of an unpleasant weather, cold, damp,
windy
and freezing.
No
smell of life and
warmth, no hint
of safety
and
protection could
be
found there.


3) Comparisons and contrasts between Napoleon

s campaign against Russia and Hitler

s invasion
of the Soviet Union
(T will ask or guide Ss to get the answers or locate the exact paragraph
in the text, or ask Ss to discuss two wars and produce a written work in detailed words)
-----
Both were so confident of a quick victory at the beginning of the war
----
------Napoleon
was
confident
of
his
quick
victory,
because
he
was
well
prepared
for
the
conquest of Russia---
a) an army of
six hundred thousand
assembled








b)
well- equipped
,
well-trained
and efficient soldiers








c)
enough
psychological
preparation---prediction
of
a
long
march/fierce
resistance
of
Russian soldiers






------Hitler

s confidence came from his
successive victorie
s in European battlefield----
a)

he
had
conquered
most
of
Europe
before
he
launched
the
war
against
the
Soviet
Union.
b)

His attempts to seize a country by
using

blitzkreig

proved so powerful in Europe
that none of the invaded countries failed to fall into victims. There was no exception.
c)

It was
the largest
military campaign in German

s history
d)

He made
definite goals
: Leningrad, Moscow and Ukaine




-------the seemingly victories at the beginning of the war







------Napoleon

s story in Russia---











a) He met
no fierce resistance
in Russia, not as he expected before.












b) He marched further but was
bogged down
/unable to make any progress by slow
moving supply lines.











c)
He
was
faced
with
a
critical
decision

after
the
tragic
fight
which
left
over
ten
thousand dead on each side---to go after Russian army or give up and retreat.











d) He mad a clear path to Moscow/ He seized Moscow with no efforts, but it proved
to be an
empty victory.
A big fire destroyed almost everything in the city.











e) He made an attempt to
sign agreement
with Russian bet was refused.











f) He could not feed, clothe, and quarter his army/with no food to feed his army, no
clothe to warm his soldiers, no shelter to protect his followers, he was forced to
retreat.

2






-----Hitler

s fate in the Soviet Union----










a) The beginning victories from the North was stopped before the heroic city Leningrad,
people
there
refused
to
surrender,
they
fought
bravely
and
firmly
even
when
they
were in desperate situations.










b) The coming winter taught him a good lesson. With no preparation of winterwear, the
harshest winter froze the march of Hitler

s army./
brought the German

s offensive
to a halt.











c) He made victories from the South, however, nothing would make the courageous
Soviet soldiers give up their brave heart to defend their motherland.











d)
The
Soviet
Army
made
counterattacks
a
nd

the
enemy
was
further
weakened
without enough food and clothes.



-------the end of Napoleon and Hitler







Napoleon--- it turned out to be a
nightmare
. They were attacked by Russians anywhere. As
the
temperature
dropped,
Napoleon

s
soldiers
suffered
a
lot
during
retreat:
exhausted
horses fell dead in their tracks, equipment was rendered
useless
or used
for warmth; soldiers became
ill
and frozen
……
the whole
army
dragged on
, the
dead
bodies
could
be
found
anywhere
along
the
road.
The
swollen
water

was
almost
a
disaster
to
Napoleon,
only
by
the
stroke
of
luck
,
he
made
a
narrow
escape
to France.







Hitler---the loss of the battle for Stalingrad finally
turned the tide against
Hitler. It was a
military disaster
to him. The occupied areas slowly were put in the hands of Soviet
people.

4) The suggested chart------
Invading country

France

Germany
Country invaded
Russia
Soviet Union
Starter of war
Napoleon
Hitler
Starting
time
of
Spring, 1812
6/22/1914
invasion
Strength
of
invading
600,000
The
largest
land
campaign
in
force
history


prediction
Quick victory
Lighting war
Initial
resistance
Refusing to stand and fight; retreat;
Scorch
the
earth,
fierce
fight
to
strategy
burning

defend
Major battles
Smolensk, Borodino
Leningrad, Stalingrad
Biggest
enemy
for
Snow, freezing temperature
Heavy rain,

General Mud

, snow
invading force

Turning point
October
1812,
when
Napoleon
1943, when the Soviet pushed the
ordered a retreat
German forces back
Fate
of
the
invading
Only 100,000 survived
Heavy loss
force
War starter

s fate
Napoleon
abdicated
and
went
to
Hitler
committed
suicide,
his
exile
empire collapsing

4. Summary of the main points of the presentation----(15 minutes)
As
Prussian
military
strategist
Karl
Clausewitz
said,

War
is
nothing
but
the
constitution
of
politics with the admixture of other means

, the victory of a war can not merely be decided by one
or two factors. The failures of both Napoleon and Hitler can be reasoned as their ignorance of the

3
force of nature. They both were confident of a quick victory, assembled a powerful army and made
good preparations for the possible resistance, but neither of them had any idea about the freezing
and raw winter of Moscow. To them, winter was an unconquered enemy in their way to their final
success, the beginning of their nightmare and a lesson they would never forget. To Moscow, winter
was a natural defense against any invaders. But as we stated just now, not only one factor that can
contribute the outcome of a war. We will have something more to explore in this unit.
5. Homework----
-------Read the text again, try to remember the details of Text A
------Review the stories of Napoleon and Hitler, try to answer the question: Do you think the harsh
Russian winter was the only factor that led to their defeat? Why or why not?
-----Review
the
text
and
try
to
tell
what
were
the
responses
of
the
invaded
country
against
the
invaders? Try to make a comparison of the response during Alexander times and Soviet Union
period.

The Second Period (90minutes)
1. Reviewing task----Yes or No questions (15 minutes)


Listening carefully about the following statements and try to tell Yes or No to each of them, and
you are supposed to correct them if any mistakes are detected.


1) Both of Napoleon

s and Hitler

s campaigns failed due to the shortage of trained soldiers.





(No,
they
both
had
a
well-trained
powerful
army,
their
failure
was
because
they
are
too
confident of themselves and their ignorance of the force of nature)


2) Alexander I instructed his people to fight firmly against Napoleon.




(No,
the
Russian
army
chose
to
retreat
when
they
were
challenged
by
the
campaign
of
Napoleon)


3) Neither Napoleon nor Hitler has ever seized Moscow in their war.




(No, Napoleon occupied Moscow, but it was an empty victory, because soon after he arrived, a
raging fire destroyed two-thirds of the city.)


4) Hitler

s nightmare began with his loss of the battle for Stalingrad.




(Yes. It was the turning-point of the Second World War. From then on, the allied force launched
successive counterattacks and finally defeated the Nazis)


5) The Soviet Union people suffered relatively less during the Hitler

s invasion.




(No,
for
Russian
people,
Hitler

s
invasion
brought
unspeakable
suffering,
about
23
million
people died in the war.)


6) Napoleon predicted that he would make a conquest of Russia in at least three months.




(No, he predicted a conquest of Russia in five weeks.)


7) Hitler used the blitzrieg, or

lightening war,

defeated most of European countries as well as
the Soviet Union.




(No, he was successful in conquering most of European countries by using this tactics, but it
came to an end when he repeated it against Russians)

8) Stalin instructed people to retreat when Hitler invaded the Soviet Union.



(No, he instructed people to

scorch the earth

in front of the German invaders)
2. The comparison and contrast of the responses of Russians during two wars---
(30 minutes)



( the blackened parts are the similarities)


Napoleon

s
campaign---the
Russians
refused
to
stand
and
fight.
They
retreated
and
burned
their
crops
and
homes

as
they
departed.
After
the
battles
of
Smolensk
and
Borodino,
they retreated farther into Russian territory. Then they deserted Moscow and destroyed it

4

毛孩儿-training是什么意思


毛孩儿-training是什么意思


毛孩儿-training是什么意思


毛孩儿-training是什么意思


毛孩儿-training是什么意思


毛孩儿-training是什么意思


毛孩儿-training是什么意思


毛孩儿-training是什么意思



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