relay是什么意思2018届高三英语二模汇编--十一选十

2021年1月19日发(作者：pagefile)
2018
届高三英语二模汇编
——
十一选十




1
、
2018
黄浦二模


Directions:
Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note
that there is one word more than you need.


A.

approach

B.

architectural

G.

extension

H.

houses




C.

captured

D.

complicated

I.

reflect

J.

shades

E.

defensive

F.

defined

K.

status





Why India’s ‘Pink City’ is a Photographer’s
Heaven
The
city
of
Jaipur
is
one
of
India’s
wonders.
It
__31__
some
of
the
country’s
most
decorative
royal
palaces
—
elegant structures designed hundreds of years ago that still attract visitors today. Largely built in the
1700s, Jaipur is surrounded by a city wall and several __32__ castles. Considered as a commercial center, it
was ahead of its time due to the use of
grid iron

（网格状
）
city planning.
A romantic dusty pink type
—
which has __33__ the city since 1876, after it was painted pink to welcome
Queen Victoria’s husband, Prince Albert—
gives Jaipur its __34
__ as the “Pink City”. This __35__ beaut
y is
what first brought Hong Kong-based photographers Victor Cheng and Samantha Wong to Jaipur.
Walking
in
glass
skyscrapers
for
century-old
royal
palaces
and
historic
castles,
the
pair
—
who
have
130,000
Instagram
followers
between
them
—
said
that
the
images
they
__36__
in
Jaipur
received
a
lot
of
response online. “A lot of our followers hadn’t seen this side of India, so we’re happy we were able to show
this side of the country.” Cheng said.

For the photographers, one of the city’s most fascinating features
is the light pink coloring of its buildings.
“The first gates you see when you enter are pink,” said Wong. “Once you’re through, everything around you
varies in different __37__ of the color
—from bright pinks to reddish browns.”

The building is a(n) __38__ of the City Palace, and its windows allowed royal women to observe street
life without appearing in public. One of Cheng’s most striking photos shows a straight front of
the building
and its hundreds of windows. The building’s lively coloring also pushed Cheng to take a different __39__ to
editing
than
with
images
of
other
cities.
“I
toned
down
my
usual
editing
process
because
the
pink
was
so
bright in reality,” he said, “I wanted the photos to __
40__ the actual color I was seeing myself and to maintain
its tone.”

答案：
31
-
35

HEFKB


36
-
40

CJGAI

易错题：

作动词“收容”用。


2
、
2018
普陀二模


Mentally and Intellectually Harmful
Last
month,
the
Indian
Medical Association
declared
a public
health
emergency
in
New Delhi because
of
high levels of air pollution. Schools were shut and emergency traffic

restrictions

put in place.


1
New Delhi is far from alone. Our research into the __31__ of air pollution in China shows that, in addition to
the
more
obvious
physical

price,
air
pollution
can
also
have
serious
negative
effects
on
mental
health
and
cognition (
认知
), __32__ reducing a person’s happiness and their scores in verbal and mathematical tests.

Such
harmful
mental
effects
have
serious
negative
consequences
for

livelihoods

and
human
capital
development, suggesting that development __33__ should go beyond the traditional focus of boosting GDP in the
developing world.

India’s
recent
pollution
emergency
is
the
most
__34__
incidence
(
发生率
)
of

dangerous
air
pollution,
but
smoggy skies have been a cause of growing __35__ in most developing countries.

Major
cities
across
the
developing
world
—
from
Thailand,
to
Brazil,
to
Nigeria
—__36__
experience
pollution at several times the WHO safe limits. In fact, 98% of cities with more than 100,000 __37__ in low and
middle
-
income countries fail to meet the WHO’s air quality guidelines.

India’s extreme levels of air pollution are well recognized, and examining the effects provides clear warnings
for other countries seeking fast growth through rapid industrialization.

We used nationally __38__ longitudinal (
纵向
) surveys on mental health and cognition, matched with daily
air
quality
data
for
the
time
and
place
of
interviews,
to
see
what
pollution
does
in
a
given
time
to
individual
happiness
and

cognitive

performance.
Because
each
person
in
our
survey
was
__39__
multiple
times,
we
can
control for the effect of individual characteristics on the outcome variables.

We found that worsening air quality led to a decrease in happiness that day __40__ to about 10 percent of the
reduced happiness one would experience from a negative major life event such as divorce.

答案：
31
-
35 E J K B A


36
-
40 D I G H C

易错题：
38. representative
作形容词用“有代表性的，典型的”
。


3
、
2018
徐汇二模


A. alarming



B. properties


C. revealed


D. invasive



E. rescue


F. instrumental

G. households

H. document


I. concerned


J. amateur



K. initiatives


Before science became professionalized in the 19th century, __(31)__ naturalists were collecting information
and helping us understand the natural world. A 2009 study found that nearly 50% of UK __(32)__ feed wild birds.
The
National
Trust
has
more
than
5
million
members,
and
60,000
active
volunteers
helping
to
protect
the
countryside as well as historic __(33)__. Now, with our environment arguably under greater threat than ever and
species declining at a(n) __(34)__ rate, volunteers are once again at the forefront of efforts to limit the damage.

V
olunteers
and
enthusiasts
can
be
powerful
drivers
for big
changes. On
the
Isle
of
Man,
more
than
8,000
people (nearly 10% of the population) are involved in regular weekend beach cleans. At one recent event, 123
volunteers turned up and removed 183 bags of litter in just a couple of hours. Thanks to __(35)__ such as this, the
island shares Unesco biosphere reserve status with the Galápagos, Yellowstone in the US, Uluru in Australia, and
hundreds of other sites.

Recreational divers are making a real difference underwater too. They monitor the spread of __(36)__ species,
and
record
how
native
species
respond.
Divers
also
__(37)__
levels
of
marine
litter
and
other
human
impacts.
V
olunteer
divers
have
played
an
important
role
in
collecting
information
about
marine
conservation
zones.
Volunteers have also made a vital contribution to the conservation of basking sharks. The work of a citizen science
Basking Shark Project in the 1980s and 90s was __(38)__ in getting these sharks on the protected species list in
the UK, while satellite tagging __(39)__ the first recorded transatlantic crossing by a basking shark.


2
V
olunteers and enthusiasts can be powerful drivers for big changes. No one can know better, or care more
about, our most special places than the people who live in them and give up their free time to look after them. As a
group of divers and __(40)__ residents who lived on the shores of the bay, they took their campaign on to national
and
international
stages
and
continue
to
inspire
people
who
might
otherwise
feel
powerless
when
faced
with
threats to the places that matter to them.

答案：
31-40
JGBAK

DHFCI

易错题：
38.

instrumental

“有帮助的 ”
；
40
题
concerned
“担忧的”作前置定语，
“ 有关的”作后置定语。


4
、
2018
杨浦二模


A. dangerous


B. measured


C.

continuous


D. peaked



E. explosion



F. classified



G. confusion


H. religious



I. effort





J. launched


K. attached




Parents have been concerned about their kids' use of technology since the dawn

of technology
–
or at least
since the invention of the transistor radio in the 1950s. Today, technology is everywhere, and kids are growing up
__31__ to their smartphones, tablets and laptops in ways that '50s moms and dads could never have dreamed of.
Parental concern has grown along with this tech __32__. But now, even those in the industry are wondering if
technology has taken a truly __33__ hold on all of us
–
and especially children.
No
less
than
Melinda
Gates,
wife
of
Microsoft
founder
Bill
Gates, wrote
an
editorial
in
the
Washington
Post last summer expressing regret for the Pandora's Box she and her husband helped open.
technology.
I
wasn't
prepared
for
its
effect
on
my
kids,
she
wrote.

and
apps
aren't
good
or
bad
by
themselves, but for adolescents who don't yet have the emotional tools to deal with life's complication and __34__,
they can add to the difficulties of growing up.
A study, which came out this year, looked at yearly surveys of 8th, 10th and 12th graders in the U.S. between
1991-2016, and __35__ markers of psychological well-being, such as self-esteem, life satisfaction and happiness.
It
found
that
such
well-being
suddenly
decreased
after
2012
–

just
at
the
time
that
the
use
of
smartphone
and social
media
__36__.
There
was
a
direct
correlation
between
the
amount
of
time
spent
on
electronics
and
unhappiness. Happiness was highest among kids who participated in sports, followed by in-person socializing and
__37__
services.
The
lowest?
Online
computer
games
–

the
abuse
of
which
has
recently
been
__38__
as
a recognized mental health disorder by the World Health Organization
–
and social media.
Early this year, big players formerly of tech companies such as Google and Facebook created the Center for
Humane
Technology
and,
in
partnership
with
the
nonprofit
organization
Common
Sense
Media,
__39__
a
full
media and advertising attack on the very industry they had a hand in building. Their initiative, the Truth about
Tech, is pouring millions of dollars into a(n) __40__ to warn parents, teachers and students that the technology
they use is in fact engineered to addict them.


答案：
31
-
40

K E A G B D H F J I

易错题：
38
题空格后应该加上
a s
，
（原题没给，已加上）考察
classify...as
。


5
、
2018
崇明二模




3

A. shock

G.
claimed
B.
guesses
H.
prospect
C. secondary

I.
influential
D. tracks

J. recognized


Bob Dylan Wins a Nobel Prize in Literature
Bob Dylan has won the 2016 Nobel Prize in literature. The productive musician is the first Nobel winner to
have followed a career primarily as a singer-
songwriter. What’s more, he’s also the first American to have won
the prize in more than two decades. Not since novelist Toni Morrison won in 1993 has an American


31


the
prize.
Dylan
earned
the
prize
“for
having


32


new
poetic
expressions
within
the
great
American
song
tradition,” according to the
statement by the Swedish Academy, the committee that annually decides the winner of
the Nobel Prize. The academy’s permanent secretary, Sara Danius, announced the news Thursday.

The win comes as something of a(n)


33

. As usual, the Swedish Academy did not announce a shortlist of
nominees
(
被提名者
), leaving the betting markets to their best


34

. And while Dylan has enjoyed favor as an
outside
shot
for
the
award,
the


35


that
the
musician
would
be
the
one
to
break
the
Americans’
long
dry
period
was
regarded
as
unlikely
—
especially
because
he
made
his
career
mainly
on
the
stage,
not
the


36


page.
Yet
few
would
argue
Dylan
has
been
anything
but


37

,
both
in
the
U.S.
and beyond
its
borders. The
productive
singer,
songwriter
and
multi- instrumentalist
has
produced
dozens
of
albums.
Dylan,
who
was
born
Robert Allen Zimmerman in 1941, “has the status of an
idol
(
偶像
)
,” the Swedish Academy wrote. “His influence
on contemporary music is significant, and he is the object of a steady stream of


38


literature.”

In
an
interview
following
the
announcement,
Danius


39


the
Swedish
Academy’s
decision:
“He
is
a
great
poet
in
the
English-speaking
tradition,
and
he
is
a
wonderful
sampler
—a
very
original
sampler,”
Danius
explained. “For 54 years now he has been at it and reinventing himself, constantly creating a new identity.”

And
for
his
work,
he
has
been


40


by
critical
community.
Dylan
has
won
Grammys,
an
Academy
Award, a Golden Globe and a Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian honor in the U.S. Now, to the honors Dylan
has added a Nobel.
答案：
31. G

32. K

33. A

34. B


35. H


36. F

37. I


38. C

39. E

40. J

E. detailed

K.
created
F. printed


易错题：

熟词生义：作“赢得”的意思；
35. prospect
“希望”
。

6
、
2018
长宁二模

A. analysis

G. cloudy

B. usually

H. absent


C. assures

I. cultivate

D. pours

J. allow

E. development

K. extremely

F. necessary


He Is Kindly

The other evening at a dancing club a young man introduced me to Mr. and Mrs. F. Scott Fitzgerald, and
Scott seemed not to have changed from the first time I met him at Princeton, when he was an eager undergraduate
trying his best to



31 himself into a great author. He is still trying hard to be a great author. He is at work now
on
a
novel
which
his
wife



32
me
is
far
better
than
This
Side
of
Paradise
,
but
like
most
of
our
younger
novelists, he finds it



33


to produce a certain number of short stories to make the wheels go around. That
The
Vegetable
,
his
play,
did
not
receive
a
Manhattan
presentation
seems
to
have
disappointed
rather
than
discouraged him. He is still



34 light
-
hearted.


4
I have always considered him the most brilliant of our younger novelists. No one else can touch his style, nor
the superb quality of his satire(
讽刺
). He has yet to put them in a novel with carefulness of conception and


35
of character. He can become almost any kind of writer that his peculiarly restless character will


36 .

Born in St. Paul, he attended Princeton, served in the Army, wrote his first novel in a training camp, achieved
fame and fortune, married a Southern girl, has a child and lives in New York. At heart, he is one of the kindliest of
the younger writers. Artistry means a great deal to F. Scott Fizgerald, and into his own best work he

37

great
efforts.
He
demands
this
in
the
work
of
others,
and
when
he
does
not
find
it,
he
criticizes
with
passionate
earnestness. I have known him, after reading a young fellow
-
novelist’s book, to take what must have been hours
of time to write him a lengthy, careful



38

.

Just what he will write in the future remains



39

. With a firmer reputation than that of the other young
people, he yet seems to me to have achieved rather less than Robert Nathan and rather more than Stephen Vincent
Benet, Cyril Hume. His coming novel should mean a definite prediction for future work. It is to be hoped that
from it will be



40


the seemingly unavoidable modern girls.

答案：
31
—
40

ICFKE

JDAGH

易错题：
40
题考察词组“
be absent from
”
,
倒装。


7
、
2018
松江（闵行）二模

A. parallel
E. transforming
I. intensely
B. curves
F. proceeding
J. move

C. dutifully
G. studies
K. randomizes
D. guard
H. perfect





Whether you’re trying to be good at Photoshop, or step up your tennis game,
or master a
banjo
(
班卓琴
)
song,
you’re
probably


31


following
the
age-old
advice
that
practice
makes
perfect.
However,
contrary
to
popular
belief,
doing
the
same
thing
over
and
over
again
might
not
be
the
most
efficient
way
to
learn
foreign
concepts.




Traditionally, we’re taught using the “blocking” strategy. This instructs us to go over a single idea again and
again
until
we’ve
mastered
it,
before



32


to
the
next
concept.
But
several
new
neurological

(
神经学的
)


33


show that an up and coming learning method called “interleaving” improves our ability to keep and perform
new skills over any traditional means by leaps and bounds.




What interleaving does is to space out learning over a longer period of time, and it


34

the information
we encounter when learning a new skill. So, for example, instead of learning one banjo chord at a time until you


35


it, you train in several at once and in shorter bursts.




One
of
the
practical
ways
you
can
use
interleaving
to
train
your
brain
to
pick
up
new
skills
quickly
and
effectively is to practice multiple


36


skills at once.








Whether you’re trying to improve your motor skills or
cognitive
(
认知的
) learning abilities, the key to


37


how your brain processes new information is to break out of the habit of learning one part of a skill at a time. The
advantage
of
this
method
is
that
your
brain
doesn’t
get
comfortable
or
store
information
in
your
short
-term
memory.
Instead,
interleaving
causes
your
brain
to


38


focus
and
problem-solve
every
step
of
the
way,
resulting in information getting stored in your long-term memory instead.
Interleaving doesn’t cut any corners, so your brain is always on



39

. Think of the difference between
blocking
and
interleaving
like
a
boxer
who
practices
one


40


over
and
over
again
versus
a
boxer
who
practices by sparring in the ring. In the ring, you have to be ready for anything. It makes you faster and sharper.
答案：

31. C

32. F

33. G

34. K

35. H

36. A

37. E

38. I

39. D

40. J



5