方面的英文2018年成人高考英语试题及答案(专升本)

2021年1月19日发(作者：handle是什么意思)
2018
年成人高考专升本英语试题

I. Phonetics(5 points)
Directions:
In
each
of
the
following
groups
of
words,
there
are
four
underlined
letters
or
letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and
identify
the
one
that
is
different
from
the
others
in
pronunciation.
Mark
your
answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
1.A. captain

2.A. pension

3.A. actress
4.A. combination
5.A. blew
B. sustain
B. mission
B. business
B. climbing
B. crew
C. contain
C. tension
C. excess
C. bamboo
C. sew
D retain
D. revision
D. endless
D. ambition
D. Jew
I. Vocabulary and Structure(15 points)
Directions:
There
are
15
incomplete
sentences
in
this
section.
For
each
sentence
there
are
fourchoices marked A. B. C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the
sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
6. I asked two passers-by how to get to the new railway station, but








of them knew it.

A. none

C. neither
B. either
D both
7.
—
The boss wants to talk to you. He seems unhappy with your performance.
—
Oh, I









be in trouble. I hope he won't fire me.

A. must

C should
B. can
D would
8.









my daughter reaches the age of eighteen, she can apply for a driving license.

A. Unless

C. since
B Because
D. Once
9. I'lI consider








Ms. Smith tonight, but I am not sure if I have the time.

A. to see

C. to have seen
B. seeing
D. see
10. The train








to arrive at 11: 30, but it was an hour late.

A. was supposed

C. supposes
B. is supposed
D. supposed
11. Bob doesn't look his age. I think he’s somewhere







.

A. in forty

C. in his forty
B in forties
D. in his forties
12. I feel very excited








the thought of joining my family in a week.



C. at
B. for
D. in
13.








a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner.

A Finding

C. We finding
B. Having found
D. We found
14.
Despite
the
sudden
breakdown
of
the
General
Manager,








work
is
going
on
in
the
company.

A. usual

C. normal
B. routine
D. regular
15. At such a time of crisis, we must try to








all differences and stick together.

A. set apart

C. set aside
B. set back
D. set down
16. Many governments are now taking








to reduce smoking in public places.

A. steps

C. effect
B. sides
D. change
17. The employees








more enthusiastic about their work since their pay rose.

A. are

C. were
B. have been
D. will be
18 Children don't understand initially what they are reciting, but








it will have an impact
on their thinking.

A. casually

C. regularly
B. especially
D. gradually
19. The university regulations require that the students








at least 90% of the lectures.

A. attended

C. would attend
B. to attend
D. attend
20. In October 2007, the Chang'e-l satellite was successfully








at Xichang.

A. launched

C. regulated
B. presented
D. engaged
Ⅲ
. Cloze(30 points)
Directions:

For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C
and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening
the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
The
destruction
of
habitats
(
栖息地
)
all
over
the
world
is
the
primary
reason
species
are
becoming
extinct
(
灭绝
)
or
endangered.
Houses,
highways,
dams,
industrial
buildings,
and
ever-spreading farms now dominate

21

formerly occupied by forests, deserts, and wetlands. 22

the
beginning
of
European
settlement
in
America,

23

,
over
65,
000,
000
acres
of
wetlands
have been drained. One million acres alone vanished

24

1985 and 1995.
Habitat destruction can be

25

or it can be subtle, occurring over a

26

period of time
without
being
noticed.

27

such
as
sewage
from
cities
and
chemical
runoff
fromfarms,
can
change
the

28

and
quantity
of
water
in
streams
and
rivers.
To

29

living
in
a
delicately
balanced habitat, this disturbance can be as

30

as the clear-cutting of a rainforest.

31

remaining
habitats
are
carved
into
smaller
and
smaller
pockets
or
islands,
remaining
species are forced to exist in these

32

areas, which causes further habitat

33

These species
become less adaptable to environmental

34

in fact, they become

35

endangered. Scientists
believe that when a habitat is cut by 90%, one-half of its plants, animals and insects will become
extinct.
21.A. landscapes
22.A. At
23.A. for example
24.A. both
25.A simple
B. cities
B. Before
B. in addition
B. in
B. beneficial
C. maps
C. After
C. at last
C. between
C. interesting
D. pictures
D. Since
D. after all
D. before
D. obvious
26.A long
27.A. Construction
28.A. amount
29.A people
30.A. effective
31.A. How
32.A. crowded
33.A. reform
34.A. improvements
35.A. even
B. short
B. Pollution
B. purity
B. species
B. small
B. Whether
B. extensive
B. destruction
B. changes
B. far
C. happy
C. Farming
C. nature
C. plants
C. fatal
C. Before
C. large
C. support
C. protection
C. more
D. sad
D. Living
D. qual
D. insects
D. surprising
D. As
D. bare
D. discovery
D. development
D. less
IV Reading Comprehension( 60 points)
Directions:
There
are
five
reading
passages
in
this
part.
Each
passage
is
followed
by
four
questions
For
each
question
there
are
four
suggested
answers
marked
A,
B. C
and
D.
Choose
the
best
answer
and
blacken
the
corresponding
letter
on
the
Answer Sheet.
Passage One
Woman nabbed for a DUI at same crash spot
Wed May 21. 2: 17 AM ET
TRUCKEE
，
Caif
。
- Call it drunken driving deja vu(
记忆幻觉
)
。

For the second time in five
months, a 23-year-old California woman has been arrested after she crashed her car while driving
under the influence( DUI) at the exact same spot north of Lake Tahoe.
And to top it off, Truckee Police say that in both cases, her blood alcohol content was more
than three times the legal limit.
The police say Melissa Dennison of Truckee crashed at about noon on Sunday on glenshire
Drive
just
south
of
the
Glenshire
Bridge.
They
say
she
was
extremely
drunk
and
had
trouble
standing or walking. Her blood alcohol level initially was measured at 346. The legal limit is. 08.
Sergeant
J.
Litchie
said
Dennison
also
had
been
charged
with
a
DUI
in
January
when
she
crashed at the same spot and registered a blood alcohol level of. 380. If found guilty of the second
offense, she faces up to 10 years in prison and fines in excess of $$2, 000.
A
telephone
message
the
Associated
Press
left
at
a
listing
for
Dennison
in
Truckee
on
Tuesday was not immediately returned.
36. Who is the author of the passage?

A. A passenger

C. A judge
37. Why couldn’t the woman stand and walk?


A. She had lost too much blood.

B. She was scared.

C. She drank too much.

D. She had a sudden stomachache.
38. Why could the woman be imprisoned for 10 years?

A. She was caught DUI twice.

B. She had her car crashed.

C. She refused to take a blood test.
B. A policeman
D. A journalist

D. She drove without a driving license.
39. What does the word

A. Arrested

C Charged
B. Attacked
D Punished
Passage Two
There
were
many
different
cultures
in
the
ancient
world,
but
the
two
that
had
the
most
influence on European and American civilizations were the Greek and the Roman. Often these two
cultures are lumped together in our minds, as if they were really exactly alike. But that is not the
case. In many ways the Greeks and the Romans could not have been more different.
The Greeks were truly democratic, often without a single leader but instead governed by a
group of men chosen by the people. The Romans were semi- democratic. They had a governing
Senate, but the political power was mos tly or completely in the hands of a single emperor.
Both cultures were great builders. But the construction interests of the two cultures were also
different. The Greeks tended to be more artistic. Their buildings were well constructed and they
ley
were
especially
interested
in
temples,
columns,
and
decorative
forms.
The
Romans,
on
the
other hand were more engineers than artists. They concentrated their efforts on urban planning,
well- functioning water pipes, and the best roads.
Only in cooking and eating habits are the two cultures really similar. Both peoples ate very
well indeed: lots of fish, fresh vegetables and fruits, healthy meals, holding at the same time long
discussions and tasting excellent wines.
In
fact,
it
would
probably
be
fair
to
say
that
they
both
loved
life
in
their
warm,
sea- orientedclimates, and they both lived a full life
is the first paragraph about?

A. The Greek and the Roman were similar.

B. People misunderstood European civilization.

C. Greek civilization was quite different from Roman civilization.

D. European civilization influenced American civilization greatly.
41. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. The Romans had more political awareness.

B. The Romans had less political freedom and democracy.

C. The Romans had more freedom to choose their leader.

D. The Romans had fewer people elected into the government.
42. What were the Greeks famous for?

A. The overall planning of a city or a town.

B. The artistic decoration of the buildings.

C. The practical functions of the buildings.

D. The system of water supply and transportation.
43. How are the two cultures alike

A. Both loved the sea.

C Both loved cooking.
B Both lived long lives.
D Both enjoyed talking over meals.
Passage Three
As recently as three decades ago, many Americans believed that using credit was an unwise
and dangerous way to pay for what they bought. Some even thought that owing money to a store
or a redit company was something to be ashamed of. Good citizens, they believed, always bought
what they wanted with real money and they paid the full price immediately.
Today, however, all that has changed. Credit, as some observers have noted, has become a
way
of
life
in
the
United States.
More
and
more
Americans
now are
depending
on
those
small
pieces
of
plastic,
credit
cards,
to
pay
for
large
purchases
such
as
televisions,
record
players
or
people today would consider it unusual not to use a credit card to pay for a costly
restaurant
dinner,
a
hotel
room
or
an
airline
trip.
And
there
are
some
situations
in
which
Americans must have credit cards. If they want the temporary use of a car, for example, they first
must
give
the
car
rental
company
the
number
of
their
credit
card.
That
number
is considered
a
guarantee that they will return the car and pay for using it.
Credit cards offer two major services to Americans. First of all, they are easier and safer to
carry than large amounts of money. Second, they permit people to borrow, to have the immediate
pleasure of owning something, even if they do not have enough money to pay for it at the time.
With credit cards people pay for goods or services at the end of each month instead of when they
buy when the time does come to pay, most credit cards offer people a choice. They can
pay all of what they owe for the month or they can just pay usually between 5 and 10 percent of
what they owe.
44. What do Americans feel about using credit cards nowadays according to the passage?

A. They consider it valuable

B. They regard it as a shame

C. They think it dangerous

D. They find it quite convenient
45. Why does the car rental company ask for the credit card number?

A. To prevent the overuse of the car.

B. To make sure that the car wont be damaged

C To make sure the user return the car and pay for using it

D. To ensure that the car is safely and timely returned
46. What advantage can credit card holders have?

A. They can choose not to pay for their purchases.

B. They can easily borrow money at a lower interest.

C. They can own something before they actually pay for it

D. They can pay only a small amount of what they owe.
47. What is the best title for the passage?

A. Credit-a Way of Life in America.

B. Credit Services in America.

C Convenience of Living in America.

D. History of Credit Cards in America.
Passage Four
At
the
1893
Columbian
Exposition,
a
World
Fair
held
in
Chicago,
chocolate-making
machinery
made
in
German
ny
was
displayed.
It
caught
the
eye
of
M
S Hershey,
who
saw
the
potential for chocolate. He installed chocolate machinery in his factory in Lancaster, and produced
his first chocolate bars in 1894.
Other Americans began mixing in other materials to make up new candy bars throughout the
end of the 1890 s and the early 1900's. But it was World War I that really brought attention to the
candy bar.
The U. S. Army Quartermaster Corps requested various American chocolate manufacturers to
provide 20 to 40 pound blocks of chocolate to be shipped to quartermaster bases. The blocks were
cut
into
smaller
pieces
and
distributed
to
American
soldiers
in
Europe.
Eventually
the
task
of
making
smaller
pieces
was
turned
back
to
the
manufacturers.
By
the
end
of
the
war
when
the
soldiers
arrived
the
American
candy
bar
business
was
assured.
Why?
Because
the
returning
soldiers had fond of chocolate candy and wanted more of the same. As a result. from that time on
and through the 1920s, candy bar manufacturers became established throughout the United States,
and as many as 40,000 different candy bars appeared on the scene.
The original candy bar industry had its start on the eastern coast in such cities as Philadelphia
Boston,
and
New
York.
The
industry
soon
spread
to
the
Midwest
because
shipping
and
raw
materials such as sugar, corn syrup, and milk were easily available. Chicago became the seat of
the candy bar industry and is even today an important base.
48. Why did M S. Hershey start the production of chocolate bars?

A. He was deeply impressed by the Columbian Exposition.

B. He realized that it was possible for chocolate to become.

C. There was nothing to produce in his factory in Lancaster.

D. He was interested in the chocolate machinery displayed at the fair.
49. Which event brought the booming of American candy bar business?

A. The adding of new materials.

B The demand in the army during WWI.

C. The purchase of new machines.

D The appearance of smaller candy.
50. What does the underlined word

A. Focus.

C Chair.
51. What is this passage mainly about?

A. A World Fair held in Chicago in 1893.

B. The popularity of the American candy bar industry.

C. The candy bar industry during World War I.

D. The spread of the candy bar business to the Midwest.
B. Position.
D. Center.
Passage Five
Mark Twain is one of Americas much-beloved authors, creating imaginative and humorous
classics for children and adults alike, such as
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, The Prince and The
Pauper,
and
Adventures
of
Huckleberry
Finn.

Twain
passed
away
in
1910,
leaving
behind
a
treasure of great literature. But now, 100 years after his death, he'll have a brand-new book on the
shelves : a three-volume autobiography
Twain hasn't been keeping busy in his tomb: it was his wish that publishers wait until 100
years
after
his
death
to
publish
his
memoirs
(
自传
)
,
which
he
spent
the
last
decade
of
his
life
working on.
The autobiography totals more than 5, 000 pages, and likely wont be all sunshine and roses.
It seems that Twain harbored some bitterness against former girlfriends and ex-friends. He also
writes negatively about politicians of his day, such as Teddy Roosevelt. It's likely that he requested
such
a
long
lead
time
for
the
memoirs
because
he
didn't
want
to
hurt
the
feelings
of
anyone
mentioned in this work.
Although small sections of the memoirs have been previously published, the autobiography
has never been available in full, and should provide great insights into the man behind the classic
books.
The
first
volume
of
the
set
will
be
available
in
November,
and
the
trilogy
is
being
published by the University of California, Berkeley.
“There are so many biographies of Twain, and many of them have used bits and pieces of the
autobiography,” editor Robert Hirst told
The Independent
. “But biographers pick and
choose what
bits to quote. By publishing Twain's book in full, we hope that people will be able to come to their
own complete conclusions about what sort of a man he was.”

52. According to Paragraph 1, which of the following statements is TRUE of Mark Twain?

A. He left behind lots of money.

B. His works were written for children.

C. His works are full of adventures.

D. He is famous for his great works.
53. What can we learn about Mark Twain's autobiography from the passage?

A. It has been published against Twain's will.

B. It shows Twain's respect for politicians.

C. It will be published in full.

D. It has been recently finished.
54. What does the underlined word “trilogy” in Paragraph 4 mean?


A. A work in three volumes.

B. An imaginative work.

C. A collection of stories.