音乐用英语怎么说了解岳麓书院(中英文对照)

2021年1月19日发(作者：sweepstake)
岳麓书院历史沿革

岳麓书院是中国最古老的书院之一
,
北宋开宝九 年
(
公元
976
年
)
创办，历经宋、元、明、清各个朝代，
迨及晚清
(1903
年
)
改为湖南高等学堂，
相继改为湖南 高等师范学校，
1926
年定名湖南大学，
历史已逾千
年。由古老的书院到湖 南大学，一脉相承，弦歌不绝，被当世学者誉为罕见的
“
千年学府
”
。

As one of the four most prestigious academies over the last 1000 years in China, Yuelu
Academy has been a famous institution of higher learning as well as a centre of academic
activities and cultures since it was formally set up in the ninth year of the Kai Bao Reign of the
Northern Song Dynasty (976). Yuelu Academy, surviving the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing
dynasties, was converted into Hunan Institute of Higher Learning in 1903, and Hunan Normal
College,
Hunan
Public
Polytechnic
School
in
succession,
and
was
finally
named
Hunan
University in 1926. The Academy has witnessed a history of more than one thousand years
without
a
break,
so
it
is
called
a
“one
-thousand-year-
old
academy”.
The
historical
transformation from Yuelu Academy to Hunan University is an epitome of the development of
China’s higher education, which mirrors the vicissitudes of China’s education sys
tem.
岳麓书院开放时间：

7:30 ----18:00
（
5
月
1
日至
10
月
31
日）

8:00----17:30
（
11
月1
日至
4
月
30
日）

门票：￥
30
元

义务讲解时间：
9:00---- 10:00 15:00----16:00
义务讲解每天
3
场

编钟免费演奏时间：
9:00----9:20 15:00----15:20
院内还设有书店、纪念品商店、茶座等。

Open Hours:

7:30- 18:00 (May 1- October 31)
8:00- 17:30 (November 1- April 30)
Cost:

￥
30
Guide:
9:00- 10:00 & 15:00- 16:00 (3 times everyday)
Carillon Show(
FREE!
)
：
9:00- 9:20 & 15:00- 15:20
岳麓书院是中国古代四大书院之一，历史上著名的高等学府及学术文化中心。岳麓书院自北 宋开宝九
年（
976
）正式创立以来，历经宋、元、明、清各代，至清光绪二十九年（ 公元
1903
年）改为湖南高等
学堂，尔后相继改为湖南高等师范学校、湖南公立工业 专门学校，
1926
年正式定名湖南大学。历时千年，
弦歌不绝，故世称
“< br>千年学府
”
。从岳麓书院至湖南大学的千年办学历史，反映了中国教育制度的变迁，是< br>我国高等教育发展史的一个缩影。

As one of the four most prestigious academies over the last 1000 years in China, Yuelu
Academy has been a famous institution of higher learning as well as a centre of academic
activities and cultures since it was formally set up in the ninth year of the Kai Bao Reign of the
Northern Song Dynasty (976). Yuelu Academy, surviving the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing
dynasties, was converted into Hunan Institute of Higher Learning in 1903, and Hunan Normal
College,
Hunan
Public
Polytechnic
School
in
succession,
and
was
finally
named
Hunan
University in 1926. The Academy has witnessed a history of more than one thousand years
without
a
break,
so
it
is
called
a
“one
-thousand- year-
old
academy”.
The
historical

1
transformation from Yuelu Academy to Hunan University is an epitome of the development of
China’s higher education, which mirrors the vicissitudes of China’s education system.


岳麓书院创立伊始，
即以其办学和传播学术文化而闻名于 世。北宋真宗皇帝召见山长周式，
颁书赐额，
岳麓之名始闻于天下，有
“
潇湘 洙泗
”
之誉。南宋张栻主教，理学史上颇负盛名的
“
湖湘学派
”即发展于此；
朱熹两度讲学，书院盛极一时，出现了
“
座不能容
”
、
“
饮马池水立涸
”
的盛况。其后，明代中叶的阳明学、
明末的东 林学、清乾嘉时期的汉学及晚清的新学，都曾在此得以传习和交流。岳麓书院的学术与教育，对
湖湘文化 传统的形成和发展产生了深刻的影响。

Shortly after its establishment, Yuelu Academy was known throughout the whole of China
for its style of school management and its role in the dissemination of academic learning.
When Emperor Zhenzong of the Northern Song Dynasty summoned the dean, Zhou Shi, to an
interview, and conferred upon the Academy his Majesty’s inscription, Yuelu Academy vaulted
into great fame, and enjoyed the re
putation “xiao xiang zhu si”, meaning it was a place in
Hunan where great scholars assembled. It is right here that the renowned “
Huxiang School
of Learning”
in the history of the li philosophy (the philosophy of principle) began to gain
currency when Zhang Shi lectured in the Academy in the Northern Song Dynasty. And when
Zhu Xi came here twice to give lectures, so popular were the lectures that ? there were too
many visitors for the Academy to seat, and the water in the Yinma Pond (the Horse-Watering
Pond)
was
drained
by
their
horses.
Later
on,
the
Academy
saw
other
learning
and
ideas
promulgated and exchanged such as the Yangming School in the midst of the Ming Dynasty,
the Donglin School in the last years of the Ming dynasty, the Han School of the Qian Long and
the Jia Qing Reigns (1736-1821) and the New Learning of the last years of the Qing Dynasty.
The
academic
learning
and
education
system
of
Yuelu
Academy
have
had
a
far- reaching
impact on the formation and development of Hunan’s cultural tradition.

今日的湖南大学已发展成为一所理、工、农、商的多学科协调发展的综合性大学。修复后的岳麓书院，
被列为全国重点文物保护单位，仍担负着学术研究和培养人才的重任。
千年学府
正在续写新的历 史篇章。

Today,
Hunan
University
has
grown
into
a
comprehensive
university
with
a
balanced
development of various disciplines. It focuses on engineering subjects, but also has a solid
foundation
in
science
subjects.
Its
liberal
arts
are
grounded
in
a
unique
culture,
and
the
economics
courses
have
characteristics
of
their
own,
too.
Yuelu
Academy,
which
has
undergone restorations, has been listed as a key historical site under the state protection. It
still
shoulders
the
responsibility
of
conducting
academic
researches
and
training
professionals. A new chapter of the history of
the
one- thousand-year-old
academy
is
being written.
岳麓自古就是文化名山。西晋以前为道士活动据点。曾建万寿宫、崇真观等。西晋泰 始四年（
268
年）
麓山寺创立。东晋陶侃曾建杉庵读书于此。六朝建道林寺。唐代马 燧建
“
道林精舍
”
。唐末五代智璇等二僧
建屋办学，形成书院的雏形 。北宋开宝九年（公元
976
年），潭州太守朱洞因袭扩建，创立岳麓书院；大
中祥符 八年（公元
1015
年），宋真宗召见山长周式，赐
“
岳麓书院
”< br>额，岳麓书院遂为全国四大书院之一。
南宋时期张栻主教，湖湘学派发展到最盛；乾道三年（公元
1167
年），朱熹来访，与张栻论学，开书院
会讲之先河，由此形成以朱张之学为正 宗的学术传统。元承宋制，书院办学继续发展，规制日趋完备。但
因元末战乱，书院毁于战火。

Yuelu Hill has been a famed cultural hill from time immemorial. It was frequented by

2
Taoists before the Western Jin Dynasty (265-317). At one time, the Wanshou Temple and the
Chongzhen Temple were built here on the hill. The Lushan Temple was set up in 268. In the
Eastern Jin Dynasty (317-420), Tao Kan built a hut, named Shan'an Cottage, and studied
here. In the Six Dynasties period (the 3rd-6th Century AD), the Daolin Temple was built up,
and in the Tang Dynasty (618-907), Ma Sui had his study, Daolin Cottage, built here. When
Zhi and Rui, two monks, built houses and ran a school here in the Five Dynasties period
(907-960) at the end of the Tang Dynasty, Yuelu Academy began to take shape. In 976, Zhu
Dong,
Prefect
of
Tanzhou,
expanded
the
houses
in
the
original
place
and
set
up
Yuelu
Academy.

In 1015, Emperor Zhenzong summoned the then dean of Yuelu Academy, Zhou Shi, to an
interview, and awarded him a plaque bearing his Majesty's writing
Yuelu Academy made its mark as one of the four most prestigious academies in China. By the
time in the Southern Song Dynasty when Zhang Shi lectured in the Academy, the Huxiang
School was in its heyday. In 1167, Zhu Xi paid a visit to the Academy, where he discussed the
scholarly questions together with Zhang Shi. This inaugurated the practice of co-lecturing in
the
academy.
And
the
orthodoxy
academic
tradition
of
Zhu
and
Zhang's
learning
thus
formed.
The
Yuan
Dynasty
inherited
the
education
system
of
the
Song
Dynasty
and
the
Academy continued to grow while further perfecting its institutional arrangements. However,
the Academy was burnt down in the wars at the end of the Yuan Dynasty.

自明宣德始，经地方官员陈钢、杨茂元、王韬、吴世忠等多次修复扩建，岳麓书院主体建筑第 一次集
中在中轴线上，主轴线前延至湘江西岸，后延至岳麓山巅，配以亭台牌坊，于轴线一侧建立文庙， 形成了
书院历史上亭台相济、楼阁相望、山水相融的壮丽景观。书院的讲学、藏书、祭祀三大功能得到了 全面的
恢复和发展，奠定了现存建筑基本格局。

明代岳麓学术仍以朱张之学为正宗。 正德以后，王阳明及其弟子先后至此讲学，传播心学。明末，东
林学派高世泰讲学书院，岳麓学术传统重 新得以发展。

自明宣德始，经地方官员陈钢、杨茂元、王韬、吴世忠等多次修复扩建，岳麓书 院主体建筑第一次集
中在中轴线上，主轴线前延至湘江西岸，后延至岳麓山巅，配以亭台牌坊，于轴线一 侧建立文庙，形成了
书院历史上亭台相济、楼阁相望、山水相融的壮丽景观。书院的讲学、藏书、祭祀三 大功能得到了全面的
恢复和发展，奠定了现存建筑基本格局。

明代岳麓学术仍以朱张 之学为正宗。正德以后，王阳明及其弟子先后至此讲学，传播心学。明末，东
林学派高世泰讲学书院，岳 麓学术传统重新得以发展。


Since
the
Xuan
De
Reign
of
the
Ming
Dynasty
(1426-1436),
Yuelu
Academy
underwent
repeated renovations and extensions by such local officials as Chen Gang, Yang Maoyuan,
Wang Tao and Wu Shizhong. After these overhauls, the main buildings of the Academy was
for the first time aligned along the central axis, which stretches forward to the western bank
of
the
Xiangjiang
River,
and
backward
to
the
top
of
Yuelu
Hill.
Pavilions
and
decorative
archways scatter alongside the axis. To top it off, on one side of the axis stands the Confucian
Temple. The overall layout forms a spectacular sight, which fuses the beauty of pavilions and
houses, and also borrows the vivacity and briskness of the Hill and the River. The Academy
resumed and further developed its three main functions- teaching, maintaining the library

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