熟能生巧英文高级英语修辞上课讲义

2021年1月19日发(作者：reading)
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LESSON1



Where Do We Go from Here

1.

As long as the mind is enslaved, the body can never be free.(Antithesis
对仗
)

2.

Psychological
freedom
,
a
firm
sense
of
self
-
esteem,
is
the
most
powerful
weapon
against




the long night of physical slavery.(Metaphor
暗喻
)

3.

It is precisely this collision of immoral power with powerless morality which constitutes the
major crisis of our times.(Chiasmus
回文
)

4.

Put God’s children on their own two feet.
（
Metaphor
暗喻）

5.

Without recognizing this we will end up with solutions that don’t solve, answers that don’t
answer and explanations that don’t explain.(Paradox
隽语
)

6.

And
I
am
still
convinced
that
it
is
the
most
potent
weapon
available
to
the
Negro
in
his
struggle for justice in this country. And the other thing is that I am concerned about a better
world. I’m concerned about truth.(Parallelism
排比
)

7.

For through violence you may murder a murderer but you can’t murder a murder.(Antithesis
对仗
)

8.

He who hates does not know God, but he who has love has
the key
that unlocks the door to
the meaning of ultimate reality.( Metaphor
暗喻
)

9.

What I am saying today is that we must go from this convention and say, “America, you must
be born again!”(Parody
仿拟
)

10.

Let us be dissatisfied until the tragic walls that separate the outer city of wealth and comfort
and the inner city of poverty and despair shall be crushed by
the battering rams
of the forces
of justice.(Metaphor
暗喻
)

11.

Let us be dissatisfied until every state capitol houses a governor who will do justly, who will
love mercy and who will walk humbly with his God.(Allusion
暗示，引用典故
)

12.

Let us be dissatisfied until from
every city hall
(Metonymy
换喻
),
justice will roll down like
waters
(Simile
明喻
)and righteousness like a mighty stream.

13.

When our days become dreary with
low
-
hovering clouds
(Metaphor
暗喻
) of despair and
when our nights become darker than a thousand midnights, let us remember that there is a
creative force in this universe, working to pull down the
gigantic mountains
(Metaphor
暗喻
)
of evil,
a power that is able to make a way out of no way
(Paradox
隽语
) and transform

dark
yesterdays into
bright
(Antithesis
对仗
) tomorrows.


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LESSON4



Professions for Woman

1.

No demand was made upon the family purse. (Metonymy
换喻
)

2.

The cheapness of writing paper is, of course the reason why woman have succeeded in the
other professions.(
语气：
Sarcasm
讽刺
)

3.

I have to admit that instead of spending that sum upon
[bread
and
butter]
, rent,
[shoes and
stockings]
[Alliteration
押
头
韵
](Synecdoche,
Metonymy
的
特
殊
形
式

),
or
butcher’s
bills
(Metonymy
换喻
), I went out and brought a cat
—
a beautiful cat, a Persian cat, which
very soon involved me in bitter disputes with my neighbours.

4.

What
could
be
easier
than
to
write
articles
and
to
buy
Persian
cat
with
the
profits
？
(Rhetorical question
反诘问句
)

5.

What is simpler than write books? (Rhetorical question
反诘问句
)


LESSON5



Love Is a Fallacy

1.

There follows an informal essay that ventures even beyond Lamb’s
frontier
. (Metaphor
暗
喻
)

2.

Could Carlyle do more? Could Ruskin?( Rhetorical question
反诘问句
)

3.

My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scales, as penetrating as a
scalpel. (Simile
明喻
)

4.

It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect. (Hyperbole
夸张
)

5.

Same background, but
dumb as an ox
.( Simile
明喻
)

6.

A nice enough young fellow, you understand,
but nothing upstairs
. (Metaphor
暗喻
)

7.

My brain,
that precision instrument
,
slipped into high gear
.( Metaphor
暗喻
)

8.

I was not one to
let my heart rule my head
. (Metonymy
换喻
)

9.

It
is
after all, easier
to
make
a
beautiful dumb
girl

smart
than
to
make
an
ugly
smart
girl
beautiful
. (Antithesis
对仗
)

10.

In
other
words,
if
you
were
out
of
the
picture
,

the
field
would
be
open
,
is
that
right?
(Metaphor
暗喻
)

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