钢筘(全)高考英语-完形填空-真题反向深度解析

2021年1月19日发(作者：斐林试剂)
高考英语
-
完形填空
-
真题反向深度解析



一、原文解析：

Every year about
40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro
, the
highest mountain in Africa. They bring with them lots of waste. The
crowds might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers
（冰川）

are disappearing, changing the face of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories, I
’
m
skeptical
about the place
—

other
destinations are described as
“
purer
”

natural experiences.
However, I soon discover that much
has changed
since the days of
disturbing reports of camps among tons of rubbish. I find a clean
mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental
challenges are significant but the efforts made by the Tanzania National
Park Authority seem to be paying off.
The best of a Kilimanjaro experience, in my opinion, isn
’
t reaching the
top. Mountains are regarded as spiritual places by many cultures. This
view is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as climbers
go through five
ecosystems
in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest.
It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, giving way to lands of low growing
plants. Further up, the weather changes
—

low clouds envelop the
mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I count twelve shades
of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland desert:
gravel
（砾石）
, stones and rocks. Finally you climb into an arctic-like zone
with permanent snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with
lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace
？
I found the opposite
to be true.

完形填空原文解 析不是马后炮，
主要目的是给大家提供一个从文章作者与命题人
角度解完形填空题的反向思路，
因为理解文章才是做完形填空的根本，
如何理解
一篇文章呢？我们可以从语段和语篇两 个维度进行理解。
语段具有相关性，
语篇
具有整体性，
本文作为一个整体由五 个自然段落组成，
对段落相关性的理解可以
通过关键词来找到段落内容的交点。文章段落的关键 词如下：

para
①关键词：

1
、
40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro 2
、
lots of waste 3
、
disappearing
（关
4
、

changing
其中
40,000 people attempt to climb
Kilimanjaro
为交点。

para
②关键词：

1
、
skeptical 2
、
purer
”

natural experiences
其中
skeptical
交点

para
③关键词

1
、
has changed 2
、
tons of rubbish 3
、
a clean mountain 4
、
the
environmental challenges 5
、
be paying off
其中
has changed
为交点

para
④关键词：

1
、
go through five ecosystems 2
、
At the base 3
、
Further up 4
、
Above 4,
000 meters 5
、
Finally
其中
go through five ecosystems
为交点

para
⑤

I found the opposite to be true
既是关键词也是文章的中心句。

二、设空解析

Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest
mountain in Africa. They
bring

（
1
）
with them lots of waste.
The
crowds

（
2
）
might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers
（冰
川）

are disappearing, changing the
face
（
3
）

of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories, I
’
m
skeptical
（
4
）

about the place
—

other
destinations are described as
“
purer
”

natural experiences.
However, I soon
discover

（
5
）
that much has changed since the days of
disturbing reports of
camps
（

6
）
among tons of rubbish. I find a
clean
（
7
）
mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental
challenges are
significant
（
8
）
but the efforts made by the Tanzania
National Park Authority seem to be
paying off
.
（
9
）

The best of a Kilimanjaro
experience
,
（
10
）
in my opinion, isn
’
t reaching
the top. Mountains are
regarded

（
11
）
as spiritual places by many
cultures. This
view

（
12
）
is especially evident on Kilimanjaro
as
climbers

（
13
）
go through five ecosystems in the space of a few
kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000
meters,
giving way to

（
14
）
lands of low growing plants. Further up, the
weather
changes
（
15
）—

low clouds envelop the mountainsides, which
are covered with thick grass. I
count
（
16
）
twelve shades of green from
where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland
desert:

（
17
）
gravel
（砾石）
, stones and rocks.
Finally

（
18
）
you climb into an arctic-like zone
with
permanent

（
19
）

要

snow and the glaciers that may soon
disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro
deserve
（
20
）
its reputation as a crowded mountain
with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace
？
I found the
opposite to be true.
完形填空文章的选材在体裁上以记叙文与说明文 居多，也有夹叙夹议类的文章。
文章语法结构丰富，
在词汇上没有超纲难词，
使用的都 是考生所熟悉的词汇，
但
为了体现注重语境的考查，
很多词汇都具有一词多性，
一词多义现象，
甚至有的
词在文章中使用的不是词的本义，
而是通过比喻或引伸出来 的转义。
文章话题具
有时代气息，
贴近学生的学习与生活。
文章思想积极向上 ，
具有一定的教育意义。