专业户专家解析英语四级考试历年阅读真题(十六 )

2021年1月19日发(作者：拼写检查)







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Passage 3


Consumers
are
being
confused
and
misled
by
the
hodge-podge
(
大杂烩
)
of
environmental claims made by household products, according to a
“
green labeling
”

study published by Consumers International Friday.


Among
the
report
’
s
more
outrageous
(
令人无法容忍的
)
findings-a
German
fertilizer
described
itself
as
“
earthworm
friendly
”

a
brand
of
flour
said
it
was
“
non-polluting
”

and
a
British
toilet
paper
claimed
to
be
“
environmentally
friendlier
”



The study was written and researched by Britain
’
s National Consumer Council
(NCC)
for
lobby
group
Consumer
International.
It
was
funded
by
the
German
and
Dutch governments and the European Commission.


“

While many good and useful claims are being made, it is clear there is a long
way
to
go
in
ensuring
shoppers
are
adequately
informed
about
the
environmental
impact of products they buy,
”

said Consumers International director Anna Fielder.


The
10-country
study
surveyed
product
packaging
in
Britain,
Western
Europe,
Scandinavia
and
the
United
States.
It
found
that
products
sold
in
Germany
and
the
United Kingdom made the most environmental claims on average.


The report focused on claims made by specific products, such as detergent (
洗涤
剂
)
insect
sprays
and
by
some
garden
products.
It
did
not
test
the
claims,
but
compared them to labeling guidelines set by the International Standards Organization
(ISO) in September, 1999.


Researchers
documented
claims
of
environmental
friendliness
made
by
about
2,000 products and found many too vague or too misleading to meet ISO standards.


“
Many
products
had
specially- designed
labels
to
make
them
seem
environmentally
friendly,
but
in
fact
many
of
these
symbols
mean
nothing,
”

said
report researcher Philip Page.


“
Laundry
detergents
made
the
most
number
of
claims
with
158.
Household
cleaners
were
second
with
145
separate
claims,
while
paints
were
third
on
our
list
with 73. The high numbers show how very confusing it must be for consumers to sort
the true from the misleading.
”

he said.


The
ISO
labeling
standards
ban
vague
or
misleading
claims
on
product
packaging, because terms such as
“
environmentally friendly
”

and
“
non-polluting
”

cannot
be
verified.
“
What
we
are
now
pushing
for
is
to
have
multinational
corporations meet the standards set by the ISO.
”

said Page.


31. According to the passage, the NCC found it outrageous that ________.


A) all the products surveyed claim to meet ISO standards


B) the claims made by products are often unclear or deceiving


C) consumers would believe many of the manufactures
’

claim


D) few products actually prove to be environment friendly(B)


32.
As
indicated
in
this
passage,
with
so
many
good
claims,
the
consumers
________.