英语翻译网泌尿外科选择题(英语)

2021年1月19日发(作者：极点)
Urology-1

1. An 84 year old man presents to your office complaining of a five day history of passing terminal
bright red bloody urine. He reports marked urgency and frequency but is otherwise well and afebrile.
In retrospect, he remembers
being quite ill with an infection in the recent past. Analysis of a voided specimen shows 3 smooth
and rounded RBCs/hpf. Which of the following is NOT included in your differential diagnosis?

a) benign prostatic hpertrophy (BPH)
b) post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
c) a stone lodged at the vesico-ureteric junction
d) a superficial bladder tumour
e) a coliform positive UTI

2. Of the following conditions, which is not considered a urological emergency?

a) paraphimosis
b) priapism
c) orchitis
d) testicular torsion
e) autonomic dysreflexia

3. A normal semen analysis includes all of the following EXCEPT:
a) pH between 7.5-8.1
b) a sperm count > 20 million sperm/ml
c) WBC < 10/hpf
d) motility > 50%
e) > 60% normal morphological forms

4. A mother brings her toilet-trained, 5 year old daughter to see you with a 3 day history of dysuria,
increased frequency, and urgency incontinence. Her past medical history is significant for a
bag- specimen positive UTI charaterized by high fever and vomiting at 2 years of age. At the time,
she was lost to follow up. Which of the following would be appropriate for your initial management
of this patient?
a) voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)
b) a mid stream urine specimen
c) nuclear cystogram
d) DMSA renal scan
e) abdominal ultrasound

5. A 55 year old man reluctantly admits to difficulty in maintaining an erection sufficient for sexual
intercourse for the past two years. He reports being healthy, however, he has not seen a physician in
10 years. Which of the following would not suggest a potential cause for his erectile dysfunction?
a) elevated blood pressure
b) galactorhea
c) acanthosis nigracans
d) varicocele
e) eruptive xanthoma

6. A 50 year old man presents with a 2 month history of irritative voiding symptoms and a fever. He
initially saw his family doctor who treated him for cystitis with ciprofloxacin for 5 days. He now
presents to you because his symptoms have returned soon after he finished his course of antibiotics.
All of the following are likely TRUE except:
a) he never had a UTI
b) he might have complained of discomfort when riding a bicycle
c) he might have also experienced back pain
d) this patient does not need to be investigated
e) he could of had prostatitis and should have been treated at least 3 weeks

of the following is NOT a common place for impaction of a kidney stone?
a) Ureteral pelvic junction
b) Pelvic brim
c) Ureteral vesical junction
d) V
esicourethral junction

y continence in women is maintained by ____?
a) internal sphincter
b) middle circular layer of the bladder neck
c) external sphincter
d) lower bladder pressure

te cancer occurs most commonly in which zone of the prostate?
a) central zone
b) urethral zone
c) transitional zone
d) perioheral zone

function in a preoperative patient is best measured by____?
a) serum blood, urea, nitrogen, and creatinine
b) creatinine clearance
c) renal ultrasound
d) computed tomography scan


of
the
following
studies
is
NOT
useful
in
evaluating
a
patient
with
benign
prostatic
hypertrophy(BPH)?
a) international prostate symptom score questionnaire
b) cystoscopy
c) pre-void ultrasound
d) pressure-flow study

rethral resection syndrome after endoscopic resection of the prostate occurs because of__?

a) air embolism during the procedure
b) blood loss from postoperative irrigation
c) absorption of irrigant
d) relaxation of the urethral sphincter from spinal anesthesia

of the following can occur as a paraneoplastic manifestation of renal cell carcinoma?

a) hepatic dysfunction
b) hypocalcemia
c) thrombocytopenia
d) pulmonary edema

riate treatment for a superficial bladder cancer is___?
a) endoscopic resection and fulguration
b) full-thickness resection with a 1-cm margin
c) full-thickness resection with a 3-com margin(subtotal cystectomy)
d) total cysterctomy

l therapy for metastatic prostate cancer is___?
a) total prostatectomy(sphincter-preserving)
b) radical prostatectomy
c) chemotherapy
d) bilateral orchiectomy

16. which of the following is an absolute indication for surgical treatment of a renal injury?
a) major urinary extravasation
b) vascular injury
c) expanding perirenal hematoma
d) 20% devitalized renal parenchyma
Answers to Q1-16
1. b 2. c 3. a 4. a 5. d 6. d 7.d 8.c 9.d 10. b 11. c 12.c 13. a 14. a 15.d 16.c

Urology-2

Questions 1 and 2
1.
A 62-year-old African American male attorney presents to a prostate-screening clinic during
National Awareness Week. On careful questioning, he has noted slight urgency, frequency
nocturia, and a decrease in the force of micturition. He is referred to have blood tests to
include which of the following?
(A) Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)
(B) Prostatic acid phosphatase
(C) Alkaline phosphatase
(D) Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
(E) Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH)

2.
General examination from his urologist is noncontributory. Arectal examination reveals
hemorrhoids and a left-sided irregular mass in the prostate. Following normal blood tests, he
should have which of the following?
(A) Computed tomography (CT) scan of the pelvis
(B) Magnetic resonance image (MRI) of the prostate
(C) Colonoscopy and biopsy of the prostate under general anesthetic
(D) Biopsy of the nodule
(E) Bone scan

3.
A 62-year-old postal officer develops minimal urinary symptoms. His PSA level is elevated
and continues to increase during a 6-month period of observation. The next step in evaluation,
if transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) prostate biopsy (Fig. 1) were positive for adenocarcinoma
of prostate, would be:
(A) Refer to oncologist for chemotherapy
(B) Metastatic evaluation including CT and bone scans
(C) Repeat PSA and biospy
(D) Evaluation by radiation oncologist
(E) Start hormonal ablation treatment


4.
Because of positive biopsy findings and negative workup, he undergoes a radical prostatectomy.
The pathology report reveals Gleason score 9/10 and involvement of several pelvic lymph nodes.
Which is the most likely site for prostatic cancer metastasis?
(A) Liver
(B) Kidney
(C) Lung
(D) Bone
(E) Brain


5.
A 79-year-old man is examined for severe pain in the iliac crest. Metastatic disease from prostatic
cancer is confirmed. What is the treatment offered initially to most patients with metastatic prostatic
cancer?
(A) Cortisone and pituitary ablation
(B) Radical prostatectomy
(C) Luteinizing releasing hormone (LRH) agonist (Leuprolide)
(D) Local irradiation and testosterone
(E) Hyperthermia

6.
During her eighth month of pregnancy, a 29-year-old woman is noted to have polyhydramnios.
Further testing shows anencephalus. Polyhydramnios in this patient is caused by which of the
following?
(A) Impairment of the fetus’s swallowing
mechanism
(B) Tumor of the fetus’s brain

(C) A secretory peptide from the placenta
(D) Excess antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the fetus
(E) Renal agenesis

7.
Several weeks after lifting a heavy object, a previously healthy 34-year-old man continues
to complain of heaviness in his left groin. Which of the following statements is true of
testicular cancer?
(A) It is the most common solid tumor in men over 50 years of age.
(B) It is not associated with a higher incidence of infertility.
(C) It presents as a painless mass in the scrotum in more than 70% of patients.
(D) It accounts for 10% of malignant tumors in men.
(E) It rarely metastasizes.

8.
During a workup for infertility, a 34-year-old man is noted to have a solid tumor in the anterior
aspect of his right testis. What is the most likely diagnosis?
(A) Torsion of the testis
(B) Cyst of the epididymis
(C) Lipoma of the cord
(D) Cancer of the testis
(E) Epididymo-orchitis

9.
Improved survival after lymphadenectomy for testicular tumors occurs after which of the
following?
(A) Seminoma
(B) Embryonal cell carcinoma
(C) Leydig cell tumor
(D) Sertoli cell tumor
(E) Lymphoma

10.
A 38-year- old woman presents with shortness of breath and abdominal distention. Workup
reveals presence of ascites and hydrothorax. What is the name of this condition?
(A) Brenner tumor
(B) Dysgerminoma
(C) Wolffian duct remnant
(D) Krukenberg’s tumor

(E) Meigs’s syndrome


11.
A 41-year-old man requests information concerning vasectomy for sterilization. In this
prcedure, which of the following statements is true?
(A) The incidence of sexual dysfunction is not influenced in those with dependent personalities.
(B) The success rate in reestablishing continuity of the vas deferens is greater than 80% at 10 years.
(C) The failure rate occurs in 1/400 patients.
(D) Recanalization of the vas deferens does not occur.
(E) The procedure is difficult and requires laparotomy.

12.
A 6-month- old boy was born with hypospadias. This condition is due to failure in the
development of which of the following?
(A) Urogenital fold
(B) Mü
llerian system
(C) Genital tubercle
(D) Urachus
(E) Vitelline duct

13.
A64-year-old woman notes an ulcer on her left labia majora. Biospy reveals squamous cell
carcinoma. What is the treatment?
(A) Wide local excision
(B) Radiotherapy
(C) Preoperative radiotherapy followed by wide local excision
(D) Wide excision and unilateral groin dissection
(E) Radical vulvectomy and bilateral groin dissection

14.
A 6-year-old healthy appearing girl is brought for evaluation of bloody vaginal discharge. The
most likely diagnosis is:
(A) Squamous cell carcinoma
(B) Sarcoma botryoides
(C) Carcinosarcoma
(D) Clear cell adenocarcinoma
(E) Lymphoma

15.
A healthy appearing, 8-year-old boy is evaluated for an abdominal mass, felt by his mother
during a bath. What is the most likely diagnosis?
(A) Lymphoma
(B) Rhabdomyoscarcoma
(C) Wilms’ tumor