费翔的歌介词的定义和特征

2021年1月20日发(作者：盛度)
介词的定义和特征


（介词是一种用来表示词与词
,
词 与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句字成分。介词
后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，
短语或从句作它的宾语。
介词和它的宾语构
成介词词组，在句中作主语
,
状语，表语，补语或介词宾语。
）

介词的种类：

（
1
）简单介词：
about
,
at,
,
by, down, during, for, from, in, of, on, over
, near
, ,
to,

under
,
up,
with
across, after, against, among, around, before, behind, below, beside, but, round, since
等等。

（
2
）合成介词：
inside, into, outside, throughout, upon, without, within
（
3
）
短语介词：
according to, along with, apart from, because of, in front of, in spite of, instead of,
owing to, up to, with reguard to
介词短语：

构成

:
介词
+
名词

We go to school from Monday to Saturday
.

介词
+
代词

Could you look for it instead of me?

介词
+
动名词

He insisted on staying home.

介词
+
连接代
/
副词

I was thinking of how we could get there.

介词
+
不定式
/
从句

He gives us some advice on how to finish it.
介词的用法：

一、

介词
to
的常见用法


a)
动词
+ to

adjust to
适应
,

attend to
处理；照料
,

agree to
赞同
,

amount to
加起来达…，


belong to
属于
,

come to
达到
,

drink to
为…干杯，


get to
到达
,

happen to
发生在某人身上
,

hold to
紧握
,

lead to
通向
,

listen to
听
,

occur to
想起
,

object to
反对
,

point to
指向
,

respond to
回答
,

refer to
参考；指的是…；涉及
,

reply to
回答
,

see to
负责
,

stick to
坚持
,

turn to
求助
,

write to
给某人写信
b)
动词
(+sth.)+to+sb.

announce to
通知某人
, describe to
向某人描述
, explain to
向某人解释
, express to
对某人表达
,
mention to
提及
, nod to
向某人点头
, report to
报告
, say to
告知
, shout to
对某人大叫
, suggest to
对某人提建议
,speak to
与某人交谈
, talk to
跟某人谈话
, whisper to
和某人低声耳语。


c)
动词
+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb.

add to
增加
, compare to
比作
, carry to
运送至
, devote to
致力于
,introduce to
介绍给
, invite to
邀
请参加
, join to
连接到
, leave to
委托给
,reduce to
下降至
, sentence to
判处
, take to
带到。


二、
at
的常见用法

at
构成的词组比较多，要细心区分。


1.
动词
+ at

arrive at
抵达

glare at
怒目而视

call at
访问某地

grieve at
忧伤

catch at(it)
当场抓住

fire at
向…开火

glance at
瞟一眼


1
knock at
敲

laugh at
嘲笑

look at
看一眼