严查英语51阅读理解主旨题(best title)答题技巧

2021年1月20日发(作者：邱吉尔)
第五十一讲

阅读理解主旨题（
best title)
答
题技巧

一

学习目标

1.
掌握主旨题中
best title
怎么作答？

2.
学会用最新试题验证作答方法！

二

考点解析

1.
主旨题通用做法

仔细阅读『黄金四句话』——首尾段首尾句

仔细阅读黑体字
.
小标题等

寻找全文出现频率最高的
key words
找到说明对象或论点

⊙

Example 1
It was Mother's Day morning last year and I was doing shopping at our local supermarket with
my five-
year-
old son, Tenyson. As we were leaving, we found that only minutes earlier an elderly
woman had fallen over at the entrance and had hit her head on the concrete. Her husband was with
her, but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly in shock.
Walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very upset about what had happened to the couple.
He said to me, “Mum, it's not much fun falling over in front of everyone.”

At
the
front
of
the
supermarket,
a
charity(
慈善
)
group
had
set
up
a
stand
selling
cooked
sausages and flowers to raise funds. Tenyson suggested that we should buy the lady a flower. “It
will make her feel better
，
” he said. I was amazed that he'd e up with th
is sweet idea. So we went
over to the flower seller and asked her if we could buy a flower for the lady to cheer her up. “Just
take it
，
” she replied. “I can't take your money for such a wonderful gesture.”

By now paramedics(
急救人员
) had arrived, and were attending to the injured woman. As we
walked up to her, my son became intimidated by all the blood and medical equipment. He said he
was just too scared to go up to her.

Instead I gave the flower to the woman's husband and told him, “My son was very upset for

your wife and wanted to give her this flower to make her feel better.”

At that, the old man started crying and said, “Thank you so much, you have a wonderful son.
Happy Mother's Day to you.”

The
man
then
bent
down
and
gave
his
wife
the
flower,
telling
her
who
it
was
from.
Though
badly hurt and shaken, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a
little smile.
59
．
What would be the best title for the passage?
A
．
Flower power
B
．
Mother's Day
C
．
An accidental injury
D
．
An embarrassing moment

⊙

Example 2
In the mid-
1950s, I was a somewhat bored early-
adolescent male student who believed that
doing
any
more
than
necessary
was
wasted
effort.
One
day,
this
approach
threw
me
into
embarrassment.
In Mrs Totten's eighth-
grade maths class at Central Avenue School in Anderson, Indiana, we
were learning to add and subtract decimals(
小数
)
．

Our
teacher
typically
assigned
daily
homework,
which
would
be
recited
in
class
the
following day. On most days, our grades were based on our oral answers to homework questions.
Mrs Totten usually walked up and down the rows of desks requesting answers from student
after
student
in
the
order
the
questions
had appeared
on
our
homework
sheets.
She
would
start
either at the front or the back of the classroom and work towards the other end.
Since
I
was
seated
near
the
middle
of
about
35
students,
it
was
easy
to
figure
out
which
questions
I
might
have
to
answer.
This
particular
time,
I
had
pleted
my
usual
two
or
three
problems according to my calculations.
What I failed to expect was that several students were absent, which threw off my estimate.
As
Mrs
Totten
made
her
way
from
the
beginning
of
the
class,
I
desperately
tried
to
determine
which maths problem I would get. I tried to work it out before she got to me, but I had brain freeze
and couldn't function.
When Mrs Totten reached my desk, she asked what answer I'd got for problem No. 14. “I…I
didn't get anything
，
”

I answered, and my face felt warm.

“Correct
，
” she said.

It turned out that the correct answer was zero.
What did I learn that day? First, always do all
your homework. Second, in real life it isn't
always
what
you
say
but
how
you
say
it
that
matters.
Third
，
I
would
never
make
it
as
a
mathematician.

If I could choose one school day that taught me the most, it would be that one.
65. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. An unforgettable teacher
B. A future mathematician
C. An effective approach
D. A valuable lesson
⊙

Example 3
London's
newest
skyscraper(
摩天大楼
)
is
called
the
Shard
and
it
cost
about
430
million
pounds to build. At a height of almost 310 metres, it is the tallest building in Europe. The Shard
has pletely changed the appearance of London. However, not everyone thinks that it is a change
for the better.
The
Shard
was
designed
by
the
famous
Italian
architect
Renzo
Piano.
When
he
began
designing the Shard for London, Piano wanted a very tall building that looked like a spire (
尖顶
).
He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city. The sides of the building aren't regular.
So the building has an unusual shape. It looks like a very thin, sharp piece of broken glass. And
that is how the building got the name: the Shard. Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is
part of a great London tradition. The shape reminds him of the spires of the churches of London or
the tall masts(
桅杆
) of the ships that were once on the river Thames.
The Shard has 87 floors. At the top, there is an observatory. At the moment the building is
empty,
but
eventually
there
will
be
a
five-
star
hotel.
There
will
also
be
top
quality
restaurants,
apartments and offices.
Before
building
work
began,
a
lot
of
people
didn't
want
the
Shard
though
the
plans
were
approved. Now they are still unhappy about the Shard. Some critics say that such a tall skyscraper
might be good in a city like New York, but not in London. They say that the best thing about the
Shard is its spire shape. But that is the only thing. There is no decoration, only flat surfaces. The
Egyptians did that 4
，
500 years ago. They also think the Shard is too big for London. It destroys
the beauty of the city.
Other critics don't like what the Shard seems to represent. They say that the Shard shows how
London
is
being
more
unequal.
Only
very
rich
people
can
afford
to
buy
the
expensive
private
apartments and stay in the hotel. But the people who live near the Shard are among the poorest in
London.
So
the
Shard
seems
a
symbol
of
the
division
in
society
between
the
very
rich
and
the
poor.
The
Shard
now
dominates
the
London
skyline.
It
is
not
certain,
however,
that
ordinary
London citizens will ever accept it as a valuable addition to the city.

58. Which would be the best title for the passage?
A. The Shard: cheers and claps
B. The Shard: work of a great architect
C. The Shard: new symbol of london?
D. The Shard: a change for the better?

⊙

Example 4
Perhaps
you
think
you
could
easily
add
to
your
happiness
with
more
money.
Strange
as
it
may seem, if you're unsatisfied, the issue is not a lack of means to meet your desires but a lack of
desires
—
not that you cannot satisfy your tastes but that you don't have enough tastes.
Real
riches
consist
of
well-developed
and
hearty
capacities
(
能力
)

to
enjoy
life.

Most
people are already swamped(
淹没
) with things. They eat, wear, go and talk too much. They live in
too big a house with too many rooms, yet their house of life is a hut.
Your house of life ought to be a mansion (
豪宅
) , a royal palace.

Every new taste, every
additional interest, every fresh enthusiasm adds a room.

Here are several rooms your house of
life should have.
Art should be a desire for you to develop simply because the world is full of beautiful things.
If you only understood how to enjoy them and feed your spirit on them, they would make you as
happy as to find plenty of ham and eggs when you're hungry.
Literature, classic literature, is a beautiful, richly furnished room where you might find many
an hour of rest and refreshment. To gain that love would go toward making you a rich person, for a
rich person is not someone who has a library but who likes a library.
Music like Mozart's and Bach's shouldn't be absent. Real riches are of the spirit. And when
you've brought that spirit up to where classical music feeds it and makes you a little drunk, you
have increased your thrills and bettered them. And life is a matter of thrills.
Sports, without which you remain poor, mean a lot in life. No matter who you are, you would
be
more
human,
and
your
house
of
life
would
be
better
supported
against
the
bad days,
if
you
could, and did, play a bit.
Whatever rooms you might add to your house of life, the secret of enjoying life is to keep
adding.
71. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. House of Life































B. Secret of Wealth
C. Rest and Refreshment










D. Interest and Enthusiasm

⊙

Example 5
Attitude is an internal
（内在的）
state that influences the choices of personal action made by
the individual
（个人）
. Some researchers consider that attitudes e from defferences between beliefs
and ideas; others believe that attitudes e from emotional states. Here, we focus on the effects of
attitudes upon behavior, that is, upon the choices of action made by the individual.
The
kinds
of
actions
taken by
human
beings
are
obviously
influenced
greatly
by
attitudes.
Whether one listens to classical music or rock, whether one obeys the speed limit while driving,
whether one encourages one’s husband or wife to express his or her own ide
as
－
all are influenced
by attitudes. These internal states are acquired
（获得）

throughout life from sitations one is faced
with in the home, in the streets, and in the school.
Of
course,
the
course
of
action
chosen
by
an
individual
in
any
situation
will
be
largely
determined by the particulars of that situation. An individual who has a strong attitude of obeying
laws may drive too fast when he is in a hurry and no police cars in sight. Achild who has a strong
attitude of honesty may steal a penny when she thinks no one will notice, But the internal state
which remains unchanged over a period of time, and which makes the individual behave regularly
in a variety of situations, is what is meant by an attitude.
Attitudes are learned in a variety of ways. They can result from single incidents, as when an
attitude
toward
snakes
is
acquired
by
an
experience
in
childhood
at
the
sudden
wovement
of
a
snake.
They
can
result
from
the
individual’s
experiences
of
success
and
pleasure,
as
when
someone acquires a positive attitude toward doing crossword puzzles by being able to plete some
of
them.
And
frequently,
they
are
learned
by
copying
other
people’s
behavior,
as
when
a
child
learns
how
to
behave
toward
foreigners
by
observing
the
actions
of
his
parents.
Regardless
of
these differences, there is something in mon in the learning and modification
（修正）
of attitudes.
55. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Differences of Attitudes.
B. Nature of Attitude.
C. Choices of Attitudes.
D. Modification of Attitude.
2.
从『黄金四句话』中读什么？

①读首尾段相同的名词
.
动词等





Attitude, house of life
②读首尾段的逻辑

事件发展，因果，现象
-
解决办法，

研究
-
结论，事件
-
感悟

③读作者的态度
.
观点

转折词往往体现真实意图

however,
but,
though,
in
fact,
actually,
in
other
words,
on
the
contrary
等


3.
主旨题实战——
2016
高考天津卷

D

Failure is probably the
most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more
tiring than not succeeding.


We experience this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue(
疲惫
) and performance fatigue. In
the former case, we keep putting off a task because it has either too boring or too difficult. And the
longer we delay it, the more tired we feel.


Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles
and
bones.
The
solution
is
obvious
though
perhaps
not
easy
to
apply:
always
handle
the
most
difficult job first.


Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying
my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical(
按字母顺序
), never letting myself leave
out a tough idea. And I always started the day
’
s work with the difficult task of essay-writing.
Experience proved that the rule works.
Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to
do
the
job
right.
Its
difficulties
appear
so
great
that,
however
hard
we
work,
we
fail
again
and
again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can-then let the unconscious take over.


When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica (
《
大英百科全书》
), I had to create a table of contents
based on the topics of its articles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after dat I
kept ing up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable.
One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I
tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relived, I sat
back in an easy chair and fell asleep.


An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed,
the
solution
which
had
e
up
in
my
unconscious
mind
provided
correct
at
every
step.
Though
I
worked
as
hard
as
before,
I
felt
no
fatigue.
Success
was
now
as
exciting
as
failure
had
been
depressing.


Human beings, I believe must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.
55. What could be the best title for the passage?
A. Success Is Built upon Failure
B. How to Handle Performance Fatigue
C. Getting over Fatigue: A Way to Success
D. Fatigue: An Early Sign of Health Problems