瓶子的英语综合教程4何兆熊版课后习题及答案

2021年1月20日发(作者：jellybean)
Unit 2
Vocabulary exercises


Ⅱ
. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a phrase taken from the box in its
appropriate form.


stake a claim be proportional to attribute
…
to sidle up

plow
into tread
on carve
out breathe
down
sb.
’
s
neck




1. As I was about to leave the restaurant, a young man
sidled up

to me and said,
I help
you?”

当我正要离开餐馆时，一个男人悄悄走上前来， 对我说：

有什么能为您服务的
吗？

2. Not satisfied with the present position in the company, he is trying to

carve out

a
much greater role for himself.
有由于不满足在公司的现任职务，他努力为自己谋得一个更重要的角色。

3. Women rend to
attribute
their success
to
external causes such as assistance from
friends.
女性往往把自己的成功归功于外部原因，例如朋友的帮助。

4. Ronald's success
staked a claim
for his place in Germany's world championship
team.
到目前为止，
南极洲只能被用来进行科学研究，
不允许任何国家 或地区宣布占有
他的任何一部分。

5. My job is to challenge, but not threaten them. So I must be careful not

to tread on
their toes.
我的工作是盘问他们而不是威胁他们，所以我必须小心，不能得罪他们。

6. A young lady and her little son were seriously injured when a car
plowed into
them
on a crossing.
一位年轻的女士在一个十字路口被一辆小汽车猛撞了一下，伤的很严重。

7. Loss of weight
is

directly

proportional to

the rate at which the disease is
progressing.
体重的减轻和疾病的发展速度成比例。

8. In contemporary society, most farmers have bank managers

breathing down their
necks

in order to secure their financial balance.
在当今社会大多数农民为保证他们的财政平衡，都有监督他们的银行经理。



Ⅲ
. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.
1. When the accident happened, no one would answer for the consequences, which
was very
annoying
（
annoyance
）

事故发生时，没有人愿意对后果负责，这令人非常气愤。

2. Years of experience as a soldier has developed great power of
intuition
to dangers.
（
intuitive
）

多年的当兵经验培养了对危险的强烈直觉。

3. The minister had decided not to release a statement explaining the reason of his
resignation, but later, he
relented
and let it out.
（
relentless
）

部长已经决定，
不会发表声明 解释他辞职的原因，
但随后不久他终于答应透露一
下原因。

4. For this chapter the main thread

proliferates

into a succession of dramatic
sub-plots.
（
proliferation
）

从这一章开始，主要线索扩展成一系列戏剧性的次要情节。

5. The government has carried out

lamentably

few of their promises.
（
lament
）

十分令人失望的是政府只顾旅行了她很少的诺言

。

6. He was in an

expansive

mood on the night of the party.
（
expand
）

在哪晚的聚会中，他的心情非常不错。

7. Every hour, whether the Prime Minister will use the car or not, he checks under the
car for bombs as a matter of

routine

.
（
routinely
）

不管首相用不用车，他按常规每小时到车底检查是否有炸弹。

8. Synthetic fabrics are less susceptible to
shrinkage

than natural ones.
（
shrink
）

合成纤维比天然物质更容易缩水。



Ⅳ
Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each
sentence without changing its original meaning.

1. The drawbacks here are that the customer has to deposit a minimum of $$100
monthly.
A. invest








B. reserve



C. lay down



D. place for safekeeping

这儿的缺点是顾客每个月都必须至少存入
100
美元。


2. Some of the ideas are very complicated and sound intuitively plausible.
A. instinctively




B. directly


C. frankly




D. Reasonably
有一些想法非常复杂，但直觉性起来是有道理的。


3. Expertly he zigzagged his way across the grassland, avoiding the deeper gullies.





A. tramped







B. wound





C. traveled



D. piloted.
他熟练地在草原上曲折前行，避开较深的沟壑。


4. He was relentless in his pursuit of quality, his technical skill was remarkable.
A. pitiless








B. merciless


C. ruthless


D. unrelenting


在追求质量上他坚持不懈所以他技艺非凡。


5. Why are the contents the next person's shopping trolley always more alluring than
one's own?
A. dissuasive





C. allusive



C. attractive



D. seductive

为什么后面的人购物车里的东西总比前一个人自己购物车里的东西诱人？

6. I believe that people should live in houses that allow them to shrink from the harsh
realities of life.
A. wither








B. retreat





C. hide





D. avoid

我认为人们应该住在能够让它们远离生活的残酷现实的房子里。


7. The foundation made a gift of a million dollars to the university to establish an
agricultural college.
A. grant










B. bonus




C. tip







D. present
基金会向这所大学拨款
100
万美元来成立一个农学院。


8. A truly gratifying friendship is based on many long, harmonious talks.

A. pleasant







B. satisfying



C. pleasing




D. entertaining

真正令人满意的友谊是建立在很多次长时间而又和谐的对话的基础之上的。



Ⅱ
. Translate the following passage into Chinese.
In some culture a
significant
aspect of spatial perception is
shown

by
the
amount of
between
themselves and others to feel
comfortable
and not crowed. North Americans,
for instance
, seem to require
about

four feet of space between themselves and the people near them to feel comfortable.
On the other hand
, people from Arab countries and Latin America feel comfortable
when
they are close to each other. People from different cultures,
therefore
, may
unconsciously infringe on each other's
sense
of space.
Thus
just as different
perception of time may
create
cultural conflicts, so too may different
perceptions
of
space.



Translation
在某些文化 中，
空间感觉的一个重要的体现于人们所需要的彼此感觉舒适却
又不觉得拥挤的
“私人空间
”
。
例如，
北美人彼此感觉舒适所需要的空间距离大约
是
4
英尺。
而阿拉伯人和拉美人反而是彼此靠近才会感觉舒服。
因此，
不同文化
的人可能会无意间侵犯别人的空间感。正如不同的时间观可能会造成文化冲突，
不同 的空间观也可能引发同样的问题。













Unit 3
Vocabulary exercises
Ⅱ
. Fill in the blanks in each sentence with a phrase taken from the box in its
appropriate form.






at the expense of prior to give....pause to think take

advantage of

be available for in earnest for better life be

confront with
1. John's mind is always full of fantasies. He dreams of changing the world
for the
better
.

约翰的脑子里总是充满幻想，他们想把世界变得更好。

2. Edward Stuart became a brilliant scholar, but only at
the expense of
his health.
爱德华
·
斯图尔特成为一名杰出的学者，但却以牺牲自己的健康为代价。

3. The corporation was determined to push forward the policy of reform, but the new
system
was confronted with

great difficulty at the start.
这个公司的改革政策在一开始就面临巨大的困难。

4. In order to gain the utmost amount of benefit, this corporation
took advantage of

the exceptional opportunities open in exports.
这个公司利用了针对出口方面的而开放的特殊机会。

5. It present in satirical terms point made
in earnest

by catholic writers, which proved
to be a success.
他郑重其事的说了这件事，而不是在开玩笑。

6. A tennis courts and a swimming pool

are available for
the regular members of the
club, but the season tickets are only valid for three month.
一个网球场和一个游泳池可供这个俱乐部到正式会员使用一

7. All the arrangements should be completed
prior to

your departure.
所有的安排应该在你离开以前完成。

8. An opposition statement said he hoped the agreement
would give
them
pause to
think
about the futility of violence.
反对派的一位政治家说他希望这个协定会让他们认真考虑暴力的徒然无益。



Ⅲ
. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.

1. The company fears noisy brightly-lit shops are
alienating
older customers.
（
alienation
）

该公司担心嘈杂，灯火辉煌的商店正使年纪大点的顾客无法融入其中。


2. Trends toward the
globalization
of industrial have dramatically affected food



production in that country. (globe)
工业全球化的趋势已经严重影响了那个国家的食品生产。


3. By the first century BC, Buddhism was in danger of
fragmenting
into small sects.
(fragmentation)
公元前一世纪，佛教处于被分解为一个个小教派的危险之中。


4. She is a TV
addict
and watches as much as she can.(addiction)
她是一个电视迷，总是尽可能多地看电视。


5. The dress
exaggerates
her wasp waist and enlarges her bosom. (exaggeration)
这件连衣裙夸张地显示出她的蜂腰，并且使她的胸部变大


6. He never forgot the hardship he witnessed during the Great
Depression
of the



1930s. (depress)
他永远不会忘记在
20
世纪
3 0
年代经济大萧条期间所目睹的艰难困苦。


7. Cars are tested to see how much damage they suffer in
simulated
crashes.







(simulation)
在模拟撞车事故中可以对汽车进行测试，看看它们会受到多大损害。


8. The news that they were well
gratified
us. (gratification)

他们身体很好的消息使我们很高兴。




Ⅳ
. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each
sentence without changing its original meaning.
1. The president warned,
of economic binge we just went through,
prices that sent Americans streaming into the market.
A. indulgence












B.
speculation







C.
habit










D.
inflation



总统警告说：

美国必须摆脱我们所有的由于我们刚刚经历过的经济热潮所遗留
下的问题。


2. There is a small difference in meaning between the two words.

A.
mild















B. slight










C.
moderate





D.
minimal
这两个单词在一些方面稍微有些差异。


3. To lament his death, national flags all over the country were hoisted at half-mast.

A.
regret














B. mourn









C.
depress







D.
dissatisfy
为了哀悼他的逝世，全国的国旗降半旗。


4.

There's always intense media coverage of airplane crash and that can really play
into people's fears and skew their perceptions of how safe it is to fly.

A.
misconceive










B.
change









C. distort







D.
preoccupy









关于飞机失事的媒体报道中是非常多 ，那么会让人们心存恐惧，并歪曲他们对乘
飞机安全的看法


5. A sheet of mental can be shaken to simulate thunder.

A.
pretend to be









B. imitate












C.
reproduce



D.
unify
可以晃动一张金属板来模拟雷声。

6. This budget place short-term, political partisan gratification ahead of the nation's
needs.

A. satisfaction











B.
pleasure










C.
nomination


D.
bonus
这个预算把政治党派人员的短期利益置于国家需求至上。

7. She gradually perceived that her parent had been right.

A.
noticed












B.
knew










C.
accepted






D. realized

她逐渐意识到自己的父母是对的。


8. Reputation is important and a big international bank just can't afford to alienate
client in countries around the world.

A
separate












B.
give up












C.
discord





D. distance

一个大型的国际银行承受不起使世界各国的客户离其远去。



Ⅱ
. Translate the following passage into Chinese.
The Internet
has launched
us into a true information age and is
enabling
people
around the world to
interact with
each other on a scale previously unimaginable.
Whatever
evolution course the Internet and the Information Superhighway
take
, the
digital convergence of the telecommunications, television, and computer industries
has forever
altered
the way we communicate and compute,
This convergence
will enable
companies to deliver service that were once
beyond
the technical limits. WebTV will viewers to
access
the Internet. Big screen,
high-definition digital television and DVDs may change the way movies are
shot
.
Satellite will
help
automobile
find their own way home
. Household will
receive

signals from satellite, microwave towers, fiber
or
copper lines.

KEY




互联网已经把我们带入了一个 真正的信息时代，
而且正在帮助世界各地的人
们在一个以前不可想象的范围内相互交流。
无论互联网和信息高速公路走的是一
条什么样的发展道路，
电讯，
电视，
和 计算机行业一致采用数码化的做法永远改
变了我们的交际和计算方法。





这种一致将使大公司能提供以前因技术有限而不能提供的服务。
网络电视 将
使观众能接触互联网。大屏幕、高保真数字电视和
DVD
有可能改变电影的拍摄方法。卫星将帮助汽车找到回家的路。家家户户将接收到卫星、
微波发射塔、纤
维或铜线传 送的信号。

















Unit 5
Vocabulary exercises


Ⅱ
. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a phrase taken from the box in its
appropriate form.
1) At the critical moment of presidential election, the candidate urged his supporters
to
hang together
.
在总统选举的关键时刻，那个候选人敦促他的支持者们同心协力。

2) Stop
picking on
each other like that. At this moment, what we should do is to find a
way to get out of this total mess.
不要那样互相指责，
在这个时候 ，
我们应该做的是找到一个脱离这一大困境的方
法。


3. From the age of 52 words, General Jackson was not engaged

in
soldiering
at all.

从
52
岁后，杰克逊将军根本没上过战场。

4) He actually enjoys his newly-bought
Jaguar
and has decided to start
showing
it
off
.
他的确是喜欢他新买的捷豹，决定开始炫耀一下。

5) It is sad to see him go because it really will
make a difference to
the way we
conduct our daily affairs.

看着他离开真让人伤心，因为这的确会对我们处理我们日常事物造成影响。

6. After the death of her only son, she went on occasional drinking binges.

她唯一的儿子死后，她偶尔会大喝一顿。


7. An invitation to have dinner together is usually treated as a means of achieving
intimacy
with another person in eastern culture.
在东方文化中，邀请别人一起吃饭通常被视为与其达成亲密关系的一种途径。


8. In his research, Professor Danes found the
resiliency
of human beings to fight after
they've been defeated.

达内斯教授在其研究中发现人类失败后可以很快恢复斗志。



Ⅲ
. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.
1. When having a fall, old. people are more likely to be seriously injured because of
the
fragility
of their bones.(fragile)
老年人摔倒后因为其骨骼脆弱更容易受重伤。

2. Foreign food aid has led to a
drastic
reduction in the number of people dying of
starvation. (drastically)
外国的粮食援助使死于饥饿的人数大大减少。


3. The 18-year-old pilot made his virgin flight last week as a
replacement
for the
injured Gordon Smith. (replace)
作为受伤的戈尔登
·
史密斯的替 代者，
这个
18
岁的飞行员上周进行了他的第一次
飞行。


4. The teams superb
athleticism
compensated for their lack of international
experience. (athlete)
这个团队的超级运动能力弥补了他们国际经验的不足。