闪动2020年全国一卷阅读理解解析及译文

2021年1月20日发(作者：spoonful)

绝密★启用前

2020
年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷
I
）

英



语

注意事项：

1.
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3.
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第二部分


阅读理解（共两节，满分
40
分）

第一节
< br>（共
15
小题；每小题
2
分，满分
30
分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
和
D
四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A
Train Information
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For
ticket information
，
please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled
，
there can be no guarantee of
connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
Lost property
（失物招领）

Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.
The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located
（位于）
at Roma Street
station.
Public holidays

On public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days
，
i.e.
Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate.
Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable
，
Before travel please visit translink. com. au or
call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.
Customers using mobility devices

Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.
For assistance, please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.


Guardian trains (outbound)
Depart
6:42pm
7:29pm
8:57pm
11:02pm

21. What would you do to get ticket information?
A. Call 13 16 17.








B. Visit .
D. Check the train schedule.
Origin
Altandi
Central
Fortitude Valley
Roma Street
Destination
Varsity Lakes
Varsity Lakes
Varsity Lakes
Varsity Lakes
Arrive
7:37pm
8:52pm
9:52pm
12:22am
C. Ask at the local station.
22. At which station can you find the lost property office?
A. Altandi.


B. Roma Street.

C. Varsity Lakes.

D. Fortitude Valley.
23. Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?
A.6:42 pm.


B
【
1
】
Returning
to
a
book
you’ve
read
many
times
can
feel
like
drinks
with
an
old
friend.
There’s
a
welcome

familiarity
—

but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But
books don’t change,
people do. And tha
t’s what
makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.
【
2
】
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our
present mental register. It’s
true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But with reading, i
t’s all about the present. It’s about the now
and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull
their own weight.
【
3
】
There
are
three
books
I
reread
annually.
The
first,
which
I
take
to
reading
every
spring
is
Emest
Hemningway’s
A Moveable Feast
. Published in 1964, it’s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.
The language is almost
intoxicating
(
令人陶醉的
)
，
an
aging
writer
looking
back
on
an
ambitious
yet
simpler
time.
Another
is
Annie
Di
llard’s
Holy
th
e
Firm,
her
poetic
1975
ramble
(
随笔
)
about
everything
and
nothing.
The
third
book
is
Julio
Cortazar’s Save Twilight: Selected
Poems, because poetry. And because Cortazar.

【
4
】
While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifs, which might add to the meaning I


B.7:29 pm.


C.8:57 pm.


D.11:02 pm.

attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and
necessary, rereading an author’s work is
the
highest
currency
a
reader
can
pay
them.
The
best
books
are
the
ones
that
open
further
as
time
passes.
But
remember
, it’s you that has to grow
and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.
24. Why does the author like rereading?
A. It evaluates the writer-reader relationship.
B.
It’s a w
indow to a whole new world.
C.
It’s a substitute f
or drinking with a friend.
D. It extends the understanding of oneself.
25. What do we know about the book A Moveable Feas!?
A. It’s a brief account of a trip.

B. It’s about Hemingway’s life as a young man.

C. It’s
a record of a historic event.
D. It’s about Hemingway’s f
riends in Paris.
26. What does the underlined word
＂
currency
＂

in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Debt
B. Reward.
C. Allowance.
D. Face value.
27. What can we infer about the author from the text?
A. He loves poetry.
B. He’s an editor.

C. He’s very ambitious.

D. He teaches reading.



C
【
1
】
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to
fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
【
2
】
Race
walkers
are
conditioned
athletes.
The
longest
track
and
field
event
at
the
Summer
Olympics
is
the


50-kilometer race wal
k, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race
walker’s knees stay straight through most o
f the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (
接触
) with the ground at
all times. It’s
this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg,
an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
【
3
】
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers
moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(
卡路里
) per hour, which is approximately
twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000
or more calories per hour.
【
4
】
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her
research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do
not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
【
5
】
As
a
result,
she
says,
some
of
the
injuries
associated
with
running,
such
as
runner’s
knee,
are
uncommon
among race walkers.
But the sport’s strange form does place consider
able stress on the ankles and hips, so people
with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race
walking
should
probably
first
consult
a
coach
or
experienced
racer
to
learn
proper
technique,
she
says.
It
takes
some practice.
28. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?
A. They must run long distances.
B. They are qualified for the marathon.
C. They have to follow special rules.
D. They are good at swinging their legs.
29. What advantage does race walking have over running?
A. It’s more popular at the Olympics.

B. It’s less challenging physically.

C. It’s more effective in body building.

D. It’s less likely to cause
knee injuries.
30 What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race wa
lking?
A. Getting exp
erts’ opinions.

B. Having a medical checkup.
C. Hiring an experienced coach.


D. Doing regular exercises.
31.
Which word best describes the author’s attitude t
o race walking?
A. Skeptical.
B. Objective.
C. Tolerant.










D. Conservative.



D
【
1
】
The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have
found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown
，
Ohio
，
for example, discovered that greener areas of the
city experienced less crime. In another
，
employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces
were decorated with houseplants.
【
2
】
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
（
MIT
）
have taken it a step further changing the
actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse
，
even unusual functions. These include plants
that have sensors
printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can
detect harmful
chemicals in groundwater.
＂
We’re thinking about how we can engi
neer plants to replace functions of the things
that we use every day,
＂
explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.

【
3
】
One of his latest projects has been to make plants grow
（发光）
in experiments using some common vegetables.
Strano’s
team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light
，
about one-thousandth
of the amount needed to read by
，
is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the
rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps.

【
4
】
In the future
，
the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a
one-
off
treatment
that
would
last
the
plant’s

lifetime.
The
engineers
are
also
trying
to
develop
an
on
and
off
＂
switch
＂
where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
【
5
】
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed
from the power source
（电源）
—
such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot
of energy is lost during transmission
（传输）
. Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save
energy.



32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. A new study of different plants.
B. A big fall in crime rates.
C. Employees from various workplaces.
D. Benefits from green plants.
33. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer?
A. To detect plants’ lack of water

B. To change compositions of plants

C. To make the life of plants longer.
D. To test chemicals in plants.
34. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?
A. They will speed up energy production.
B. They may transmit electricity to the home.
C. They might help reduce energy consumption.

D. They could take the place of power plants.
35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Can we grow more glowing plants?
B. How do we live with glowing plants?
C. Could glowing plants replace lamps?
D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?

【答案速查】

21. C



22. B



23. B



24. D



25.B



26. B



27. A



28. C



29. D


30. A
31.B


32. D



33.A



34. C


35. C

【答案详解】

A
篇

【
A
篇综述】
3
道阅读理解，定位简单，原词重复，为送分题，为这 几年最简单
1
卷的
A
篇，感谢命题
专家手下留情。

21. What would you do to get ticket information?