aker-修理英文
长难句分析
一、长难句的分类
1
、带有较多成分的简单句。如:
Having
chosen
family
television
programs
and
women’s
magazines
,
the toothpaste marketer
,
for instance
,
must select the exact
television
programs
and
stations
as
well
as
the
specific
women’s
magazines to be used.
2
、含有多个简单句的并列句。如:
In the 1970s he was a surgeon at Yale
,
had a wonderful wife and
five beautiful children
,
but he was terribly unhappy.
在第二个并
列句中,即在
had
前面省略了
and he.
Discrimination(
歧视
) isn’t their only concern
;
almost everyone
testing
positive
for
the
Huntington’s
gene(
基
因
)
develops
symptoms(
症状
) during middle age
,
and doctors can do nothing to
help.
三个分句均为简单句,分别用分号和
and
连接。
3
、含有多个从句的复合句。如:
I can’t live in fear of the possibility that as the earth’s population
grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable(
不能再生的
)
resources
,
our children may have to lead poorer lives.
在
possibility
后由
t hat
引导的同位语从句中还含有一并列结构的时
间状语从句:
as…resourc es.
However
,
those of us who are parents of children in this age group
know
that
such
offers
are
relatively
rare
and
that
many
liberal-arts
students(
文科生
) graduate with the belief that the prospective(
预期的
)
workplace may not have a place for them.
本句的主谓语是:
those of us know
。
know
有两个由
that
引导的宾
语从句,其中第二个省略了
know
。在主句中还有一个定语从句修
饰
th ose
of
us
,在第二个宾语从句中还有一个同位语从句修饰
belief
。
4
、含有多个插入成分的句子。如:
His journey to the e-mail hell began innocently
(
无知地)
enough
when, as chairman of Computer Associates International
,
a software
company
,
he first heard how quickly his employees had accepted their
1
new electronic-mail system.
他在电子邮件的地狱之旅是糊里糊涂开
始的 。作为国际计算机联合公司这家软件公司的董事长,他当时
还是第一次听说他的雇员们是多么快地就接受 了他们公司的新的
电子邮件系统。
as chairman of Computer Associates International
是
he
的同位语,
a
software company
是
Computer Associates I nternational
的同位语,
他们将从属连词
when
引导的时间状 语从句的主语分隔开了。
5
、并列复合句。如:
I have known changes for the better and changes for the worse
,
but
I have never questioned the fact that whether I liked it or not
,
change
was unavoidable.
我经历过好的变化,也经历过坏的变化,但是我从来没有 怀疑
过这样一个事实,即不管我喜欢与否,变化总是不可避免的。
在
but
后的那个并列的分句中有一个同位语从句,
其中还含有一个
让步状语从句。
They
also
found
that
the
bus
conductor
had
a
major
role
in
preventing vandalism
(故意破坏行为)
,
and at the times he went up
the stairs to the upper deck to collect fares
,
vandalism did not often
occur.
他们还发现公交车售票员在防止发生故意破坏方面发挥了重
要的作用。 当售票员到双层公交车的上层收费时,破坏行为就不
常发生。
在前一个并列分句中有一个宾语从句,在后一个并列的分句
中有一个修饰
times
的 定语从句,这个定语从句前省略了关系词
that
或
when.
二、长难句分析步骤
1
、首先确定句子是简单句、复合句或并列句。
2< br>、如果是简单句,首先确定主谓结构;接着确定宾语和宾语补足语(如有的话)
;然后
确 定定语和状语等次要成分,即找出主语、谓语和宾语各自的修饰语。按照所确定的各个成
分,给出全句大 意(可用翻译法)
。译文意思应当通顺,并和上下文意义基本吻合。如意义出
入较大,文理不通 ,则分析可能有误,这时应考虑重新进行句子结构分析。
3
、 如果是并列句,首先应找出并列连词并把全句分解为若干个分句;接着按照简单句的
分析方法再细分各分 句的内部结构和句意;然后将全句综合考虑。
4
、如果是复合 句,首先找出从属连词并确定出主句,这时应特别注意连词省略现象和多
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