cando外研版必修三个单元重难点解析

2021年1月20日发(作者：厉害的英文)

Module 1 Europe

重难点

1. across prep. / adv.

(1)
从一边到另一边；横过；穿过

. they walked straight across the road and to the gallery.

(2)
再……对面

. The director lives across the street.

(3)
……宽

. The giant poster is ten meters long and five meters across.

辨析：
across

through

over

。

by

练习：
The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, the deserts,
the mountains, the valleys, till at last it reaches the sea.

2. face v./ n.

(1) vt.
面向；面朝；面对，面临

be faced with
面对，面临

【注意】不表示被动，而是表示主语的一种状态

. The village faces a range of mountains.

Faced with these pressures, you can watch a comedy to relax.

The architect is facing the biggest challenge of his career.

They were faced with an awful task of going across the desert.

(2) n.
脸；面部表情

. The boy made a face at the funny sculpture.

-


固定搭配：
in the face of

lose face

make a face at sb.

face to face

on the face of it
从表面上看

【注意】
face
为及物动词，用作非谓语动词时，有两种形式

facing + n./ pron. faced with + n. / pron.

3. range n./ v.

(1) n.
山脉；范围；一系列


搭配：
in/ within range of
在……的范围内

out of / beyond range of
超出……的范围

|

a (wide) range of
一系列的；各种各样的

. The masterpiece is beyond my range of knowledge.

students from a wide range of backgrounds.

(2) v.
在某范围内变化；包括（各种不同的人或物）


搭配：
range from A to B
在
A
到
B
之间变化；包括从
A
到
B
之间的各种事物

range between A and B
在
A
到
B
之间变化



range in age/ size / price from A to B
年龄/
尺寸
/
价格在
A
到
B
之间变动

. He has a number of different jobs, ranging from sailor to actor.

The boots range in price from $$25 to $$200.

People waiting in long queues range from elderly couples married for many
years to newlyweds.

4. situated adj. = located
坐落（某地）的；位于（某地）的

!


搭配：
be situated in/ on/ at / near
位于……附近；坐落在……附近

. My bedroom was situated on the top floor of the house.

a farm situated in the valley

I saw the landmark situated at the mouth of the river.

【注意】形容词化的过去分词（短语）可以做定语、状语、表语和补语。在通常 情况下，这
类过去分词与其逻辑主语之间弱化了被动含义，而侧重于主语存在的某种状态。常见的有：< br>
located,
dressed
in,
lost,
seated,
faced
with,
hidden,
married,
interested,
surprised
等

5. symbol n.
象征；符号


搭配：
symbol of sth.
……的象征

symbol for sth.
……符号

. What is the chemical symbol for copper

6. opposite prep. adj. adv. n.

：

(1) prep.
在……对面

. The actress sitting opposite us looked familiar.

(2) adj.
对面的；相反的；迥然不同的

be opposite to

. a poster on the opposite wall

walk in the opposite direction

The two heads' opinions are opposite to each other.

(3) adv.
在对面

. The architect lives just opposite.

(4) n. [c]
相反的人；对立物

【注】
opposition [U]
反对；反抗

. Hot and cold are opposites.

.

7. sign n. / v.

(1) vt. / vi.
签名；署名；签字；签署；示意；打手势

sign to sb. to do sth.
示意某人做某事

. My mother signed to me to try on the boots.

Sign (your name) here, please.


固定搭配：
sign for sth.
签收某物

sign in/ out
签到
/
签退

sign up (for sth.)
报名（参加某课程或活动等）

sign with ...
和……签约

(2) n.
标记，指示牌，符号，迹象，征兆，示意动作，手势


固定搭配：
there are signs of
有……的迹象

@



show signs of
表现出……样子

give/ make a sign to sb. to do sth.

. The architect shows no sign of being interested.

The manager gave/ made a sign to me to sit opposite him.

【辨析】
sign:
“标牌；迹象”
，指人们公认的事物的记号，标志，也可指某事发生或某事
属



实或存在的迹象。

signal:
“信号”
，指为某一目的而有意发出的信号、暗号

symbol:
“象征，符号”
，指有象征意义的或表达某种含义的特殊事物，或指某一特性



或思想代表或代表性的任务

mark:
“标识；标记”
，既可指为方便辨认而有意做的标记，又可指自然形成的标记或


有别于其他事物的特征。

。

练习：
1. Make a at the bottom of the page.

2. The on the wall said

3.
A
dove
is
the of
peace
while
a
dark
cloud
is
a of
rain.

4. A red light is a of danger.

8. agreement n.

[C]
协定，协议，契约
[U]
（意见）一致；同意


固定搭配：
sign an agreement
签订协议

come to / reach an agreement with
与……达成协议

be in agreement
意见一致

.
They
reached
an
agreement
on
how
to
protect
the
birthplace
of
the
ancient
civilisation.

Are we in agreement about the new project

—



句子分析

1.

is
said
that
this
region
is
the
birthplace
of
ancient
civilisation.
The
gallery
is located opposite the parliament building, facing the sea. It is known as the
landmark and a symbol of modern civilisation in this region,
one
of
the
representatives.
He
is
designing
a
new
project
at
the
moment.
It's
a
large
sculpture. He's thinking about whereabouts it will be built.

2. The two heads of Italy and Portugal have signed an agreement to build a bridge
together. Because of geographical features of this region, the bridge should be
situated across the ranges of this region. It will look like a boot. In terms of
the agreement, the bridge should be built little by little and completed in five
years. But it has been ten years ever since the bridge began to be built.









>








Module 2 Developing and Developed Countries
重难点

1. income n. [U,C]
收入

. The amount of someone's income is never discussed among friends in Western
countries.

:

We have an income of over $$100,000 a year.


固定搭配：
a high/ large income
高收入

a low / small income
低收入

the average income
平均收入

people on high / low incomes
高
/
低收入的人

辨析：
income:
“收入；收益”
。通常指一个人工作、投资等所得的钱，不仅限于工资。

salary:
“薪金；工资”
。通常指教师、经理、医生等职业人士的月薪。按月或年给
付



的工资。

wage(s):
“工资”
。
尤指店员或工人每周领取的工资、
工钱。计时或按周给付的工资。

pay:
“报酬；工资”指各类薪酬。

练习：
1. Have you got other apart from your

.

2. The average weekly is $$350.

3. She's earning a good as an interpreter.

2. development

n.
发展


固定搭配
: with the development of
随着……的发展

. Working at home, which one could hardly imagine, has been made possible with
the development of computer technology.

拓展：
developed: adj.
（国家）发达的；
（感觉、系统等）成熟的，先进的

developing adj.
（国家）发展中的；生长的；变化的

develop
v.
（使）成长；
（使）发展；
（疾病）开始侵袭；（问题、故障）产出，出现；


冲洗（胶片）



.
The
space
agency
says
a
problem
has
developed
with
an
experiment
aboard
the
space
shuttle.

I had the film developed yesterday.

、

3. measure vt. link v. n.

(1) vt.
量；测量；估量；衡量

. Education shouldn't be measured purely by examination results.


固定搭配：
measure sb. for sth.
给某人量（衣服）尺寸

measure sth. by sth.
用……衡量……

. She was being measured for the wedding dress by them.

Poverty and wealth shouldn't be measured only by income.

(2)
link
v.
（长度、数量等）量度为……

【后接量的结果，不用于被动语态和进行时态】

. The big sculpture measures about 12 feet by 36 feet.

(3) n.
度量单位，计量标准；措施，办法

【当措施讲时，常用于复数形式】


固定搭配：
made to measure
量身定做

<

take measures (to do sth.)
采取措施做某事

in full measure
全部地；最大限度地

in large / some / equal measure
在很大
/
某种
/
同等程度上

. a dress made to measure

Measures are being taken to reduce crime in the city.

Ganzhou,
a
city
in
southern
Jiangxi,
has
also
taken
measures
to
solve
the
problem
of soil and water erosion, which worsens poverty levels.

4. position n.

(1) [C]
位置
[U]
适当的位置


固定搭配：
in/ out of position
在
/
不在适当的位置

. This region has a good geographical position.

All parking signs have been placed in position.

~

(2) [C,U]
（坐、立的）姿态；姿势

. Life in a comfortable position

sitting/ kneeling/ standing/ lying position

(3) [C]
处境，状况


固定搭配：
put sb. in a good/ an awkward position
使某人处于有利
/
尴尬的境地

.
I’
m sorry if I put you in an awkward position.

(4) [C]
职位，职务

She took up her position as head in the department.

(5) [C,U]
地位，等级，身份

. the position of women in society

(6) [C]
立场，态度

)

.
What’s
your position on that project

【注意】当
position, situation, point, case, stage
等表示抽象地点的名词作先行词
且关系词在从句中作状 语时，定语从句常用
where
引导



5. educate vt.
教育；训练


固定搭配：
educate sb. about/ in/ on sth.
教育某人关于某事

. She was educated in the US.

He was educated at Stanford University.

The
campaign
is
intended
to
educate
the
public
to
care
about
low-income
groups

a campaign to educate teenagers about HIV

【辨析】
educate:
强调 教育目的以及培养结果，也涉及人生观和学识方面

teach
：只强调教给学生知识


练习：
Some schools , but fail to their students.

$$

The
government
is
taking
measures
to
offer
the
disabled
children
the
chances
of

(educate)

6. figure n. v.

(1) n.
数字；人物；人影；塑像；身材；图形

. employment/ sales/ trade figures

a four figure number

a leading/ key/ central/ political figure

Every woman wants a slim figure these days, particularly here in Canada.

(2) v.
计算；认为；以为

. I figured that if I took the night train, I could be in Scotland by morning.

My feelings about the matter
didn’t
seem to figure at all.




固定搭配：
figure out
弄懂，弄清楚，弄明白

figure on sth.
预料到某事；计划
/
打算某事

. VR is a new platform and people are still trying to figure out how to utilize
it.

She was younger than any of us had figured on.

练习：
1. Tsinghua University is home to a great number of outstanding figures.

2. By 2016, this figure had risen to 14 million.

3. Last night he saw two dark figures enter the building.

7. similarity n. [U,C]
相似之处，相似，类似


固定搭配：
have similarities to/ with
…
in
…

与……在某方面有相似之处

. The comedy has many similarities to that one in plot.

There are some similarities between the two households.

、


【拓展】

be similar to be similar in

be the same as be different from

8. transport n. v.

(1) n. [U]
运输；运送；交通工具；交通运输系统

. The transport of goods by freeway is very convenient.

Bicycles are a cheap and efficient form/ means of transport.

(2) vt.
运输，运送




固定搭配：
transport sb./ sth. (from)
…
to
把某人
/
某物（从……）运送到……

. Fresh produce in this region was transported to the supermarket.

【注意】
transport
作“交通”讲时，指的是交通工具；
traffic
作“交通”讲时，指的
是路上的行人、车辆，着重指数量的多少。所以“交通拥挤、交通中断”中的“交通”都用
traff ic
。

》

9. exchange n. vt

(1) n. [C,U]
交换；交流；调换；兑换


固定搭配：
in exchange for
作为……的交换

. Would you like my watercolor in exchange for your landscape

an exchange of ideas/ information

trade and cultural exchanges with China

(2) vt.
交换；交流；调换；兑换


固定搭配：
exchange
…
for
…

以……换取……

Exchange
…
with sb.
和某人交换……

. She exchanged the blue boots for red ones.

Exchange words/ looks with sb.
与某人交谈
/
对视

）

Exchange ideas/ information
交流想法
/
信息


句子分析：

1. With the development of science and technology, the income of every household
is
increasing.
One
the
one
hand,
people
have
got
rid
of
poverty
and
hunger;
one
the
other
hand,
the
gap
between
the
rich
and
the
poor
has
widened.
Some
people
are
living
at the bottom of society, which is connected with the gap between urban and rural
areas.
The
specific
figure
is
difficult
to
measure,
but
it
could
be
close
to
seventy
million. Still some people are homeless,
and they are assisted by
the charity.
The
government is making efforts to help them get out of trouble.

2. Humans are making trouble for themselves. A large amount of transport causes
freeways to
be crowed, a lot of industrial waste makes the inhabitants suffer from
pollution,
and
too
much
tourism
gets
the
locations
of
tourist
attractions
polluted.
Besides, a vast area of sea water is made harmful to the fish. It is unfortunate
that humans are not smart enough to deal with these problems. We wonder what the
similarity
between
humans
and
animals
is.
People
should
be
educated
to
protect
the
environment.












;











[








Module 3 The Violence of Nature
1. flood v. n.

(1) v.
（使）淹没

[

. The river burst its banks and flooded the valley.


重难点


(2) v.
大量涌入；
（感觉或回忆）涌上心头，涌现

. Telephone calls came flooding in from the local inhabitants.

Memories of my time in Paris flooded back.

(3) n. [C,U]
洪水，水灾；
[C]
大量

. The heavy rain has caused floods in many parts of the country.

a flood of refugees

2. experience vt. n.

(1) vt.
经历；体验

. experience problems/ difficulties

Children
need
to
experience
things
for
themselves
in
order
to
learn
from
them.

，

(2) n. [C]
经历；体验

. an enjoyable/ exciting/ unusual/ unforgettable experience

childhood experiences

(3) n. [U]
经验


固定搭配：
gain/ get experience
获得经验

have experience in
在某方面有经验

learn from/ by experience
从经验中学到

in one
’
s experience
据某人的经验看

. He gained valuable experience while working on the project.

Does she have much experience in governing

【拓展】
experienced adj.
有经验的，熟练的

》

be experienced in
在……方面有经验

3. cause vt. n.

(1) vt.
引起；导致
= lead to = result in = bring out


固定搭配：
cause sb to do sth.
导致某人做某事

cause sb. trouble/ problems
给某人带来麻烦
/
问题

. His low income caused the whole household to go hungry.

The project is still causing him a lot of trouble.

(2) n. [C]
原因；起因；
[U]
理由，缘故


固定搭配：
cause and effect
因果关系

the cause of
……的起因

. The scientist says the study does no prove cause and effect between drinking
coffee and living longer.

[

Unemployment is a major cause of poverty.

There is no cause for concern.

【辨析】
cause:
指某事发生的原因，常与
of
连用。

Reason
：指某事发生或做某事的原因、理由、解释，常与
for
连用。

Excuse
：指为自己的行为所作出的辩护、借口、理由，常与
for
连用



练习：
1. What
’
s your for being late this time

2. Alcohol is the most common of road accident.

3. She gave no for her decision.

4. bury vt.
埋葬；埋藏；掩藏


固定搭配：
bury one
’
s face/ head in sth.
把脸
/
头埋在某物里面

be buried in = bury oneself in
埋头于，专心于

'

be buried in thought
沉思

. He was buried in Taiwan.

She buried her face in her hands and began to sob.

Since she left, he
’
s buried himself in his work.

【拓展】专心于
,
专注于，专心致志于：
be absorbed in, be devoted to, be lost in,
focus on, concentrate on, be engaged in

5. occur vi.
发生；
（主意或想法）浮现于脑中，被想到；存在；出现


固定搭配：
It occur to sb. that
…

某人想到……

It occurs to sb. to do sth.
某人想到做某事

Sth. occurs to sb.
（主意或想法）被想到

Occur in/ among
…

存在于……；出现在……

. Floods occur more often than any other natural disaster.

…

It didn
’
t occur to him that the thunderstorm would cause so much damage.

An idea of developing tourism in the mountainous region has occurred to me.

6. strike v. n.

(1) vt. vi.
（灾难或疾病）侵袭，爆发；
（钟）敲响；划（火柴）

. Two days later disaster struck.

The clock has just truck twelve.

Strike a match

(2) vt.
打；击；撞击；
（想法或主意）突然想到；打动，迷住


固定搭配：
It strikes sb. that
…
= It occurs to sb. that
某人突然想到……


. She struck him in the face.

Jimmy fell and struck his head on the edge of the table.

？

It suddenly truck me that we ought to make a new plan.

The tourists were truck by the beauty of mountain ranges.

(3) vi. n.
罢工


固定搭配：
be on strike
在罢工

Go on strike/ come out on strike
举行罢工

Strike for sth.
为了某事而罢工

. The union has voted to strike for a pay increase of 6%.

Half the workforce are on strike now.

7. ruin vt. n.



(1) vt.
毁坏；毁掉；糟蹋；使破产；毁灭

. The violent earthquake has ruined the household
’
s life.

.

That mistake ruined his chance of getting the job.

If she loses the court case, it will ruin her.

(2) n. [C]
（又作
runis
）废墟；残垣断壁；
[U]
毁坏；毁灭


固定搭配：
be/ lie in ruins
成为废墟；破败不堪；崩溃；垮掉

go to ruin/ fall into ruin
衰落；败落

. The economy was in ruins after the war.

The cemetery has fallen into ruin and needs repairing.

8. previous adj.
以前的；先前的


固定搭配：
previous to
在……之前

. No previous experience is necessary for this job.

Previous
to
leaving
for
the
disaster
area,
he
studied
a
lot
about
its
geographical
feature.

.

【辨析】
previous:
指的是按时间和次序在某事“之前的”

Former:
指“从前的”
，而不是现在的

. He arrived on the previous night.

She is my former landlady.

9. possibility n. [C,U]
可能；可能性


固定搭配：
possibility of (doing) sth.
做某事的可能性

There is a/ no/ little possibility that
…

有可能
/
没可能
/
不大可
能……

. Is there any possibility of achieving our goal in such a short time

There is a possibility that the volcano might erupt in two weeks.

10. warning n.
警告

warn v.
提醒，警告

!

固定搭配：
warn sb. of/ about sth.
提醒某人某事

Warn sb. (not) to do sth.
提醒某人（不要）做某事

Warn sb. against doing sth.
提醒某人不要做某事

Warn sb. that
提醒某人

. She has been warned of the danger of lightning in the open.

They were warned not to go to the earthquake-stricken area then.

He warned us against chasing and playing on the freeway.

He warned us that the volcano was erupting.

11. active adj.
积极的；活跃的

固定搭配：
be active in
在……方面积极

Take an active part in
积极参与

^